Marc Ph. Stoecklin — TABLES OF TRANSFORM PAIRS — v1.5.

3 4

Table of z-Transform Pairs

1 Z P+∞
x[n] = Z −1 {X(z)} = X(z)z n−1 dz x[n]z −n
H
2πj
⇐==⇒ X(z) = Z {x[n]} = n=−∞ ROC

Z
transform x[n] ⇐==⇒ X(z) Rx
Z
time reversal x[−n] ⇐==⇒ X( z1 ) 1
Rx
Z
complex conjugation x∗ [n] ⇐==⇒ X ∗ (z ∗ ) Rx
Z
reversed conjugation x∗ [−n] ⇐==⇒ X ∗ ( z1∗ ) 1
Rx

Z 1
real part <e{x[n]} ⇐==⇒ 2
[X(z) + X ∗ (z ∗ )] Rx
Z 1
imaginary part =m{x[n]} ⇐==⇒ 2j
[X(z) − X ∗ (z ∗ )] Rx
Z
time shifting x[n − n0 ] ⇐==⇒ z −n0 X(z) Rx
Z z
an x[n]


scaling in Z ⇐==⇒ X a
|a|Rx
Z
 1
 j2ω
N −1
1
X WNk z N WN = e−
P
downsampling by N x[N n], N ∈ N0 ⇐==⇒ N k=0
N Rx
Z
linearity ax1 [n] + bx2 [n] ⇐==⇒ aX1 (z) + bX2 (z) Rx ∩ Ry
Z 1
H z

−1
time multiplication x1 [n]x2 [n] ⇐==⇒ 2πj
X1 (u)X2 u u du Rx ∩ Ry
Z
frequency convolution x1 [n] ∗ x2 [n] ⇐==⇒ X1 (z)X2 (t) Rx ∩ Ry
Z
delta function δ[n] ⇐==⇒ 1 ∀z
Z
shifted delta function δ[n − n0 ] ⇐==⇒ z −n0 ∀z
Z z
step u[n] ⇐==⇒ z−1
|z| > 1
Z z
−u[−n − 1] ⇐==⇒ z−1
|z| < 1
Z z
ramp nu[n] ⇐==⇒ (z−1)2
|z| > 1
Z z(z+1)
n2 u[n] ⇐==⇒ (z−1)3
|z| > 1
Z z(z+1)
−n2 u[−n − 1] ⇐==⇒ (z−1)3
|z| < 1
Z z(z 2 +4z+1)
n3 u[n] ⇐==⇒ (z−1)4
|z| > 1
Z z(z 2 +4z+1)
−n3 u[−n − 1] ⇐==⇒ (z−1)4
|z| < 1
Z z
(−1)n ⇐==⇒ z+1
|z| < 1
Z z
exponential an u[n] ⇐==⇒ z−a
|z| > |a|
Z z
−an u[−n − 1] ⇐==⇒ z−a
|z| < |a|
Z 1
an−1 u[n − 1] ⇐==⇒ z−a
|z| > |a|
Z az
nan u[n] ⇐==⇒ (z−a)2
|z| > |a|
Z az(z+a
n2 an u[n] ⇐==⇒ (z−a)3
|z| > |a|
Z z
e−an u[n] ⇐==⇒ z−e−a
|z| > |e−a |
(
an n = 0, . . . , N − 1 Z 1−aN z −N
exp. interval ⇐==⇒ 1−az −1
|z| > 0
0 otherwise
Z z sin(ω0 )
sine sin (ω0 n) u[n] ⇐==⇒ z 2 −2 cos(ω0 )z+1
|z| > 1
Z z(z−cos(ω0 ))
cosine cos (ω0 n) u[n] ⇐==⇒ z 2 −2 cos(ω0 )z+1
|z| > 1
Z za sin(ω0 )
an sin (ω0 n) u[n] ⇐==⇒ z 2 −2a cos(ω0 )z+a2
|z| > a
Z z(z−a cos(ω0 ))
an cos (ω0 n) u[n] ⇐==⇒ z 2 −2a cos(ω0 )z+a2
|z| > a
Z dX(z)
differentiation in Z nx[n] ⇐==⇒ −z dz Rx
x[n] Z R X(z)
integration in Z Qm n
⇐==⇒ − 0z z dz Rx
i=1 (n−i+1) Z z
am m!
am u[n] ⇐==⇒ (z−a)m+1

Note:
z 1
=
z−1 1 − z −1
Marc Ph. Stoecklin — TABLES OF TRANSFORM PAIRS — v1.5.3 6

Table of Laplace Transform Pairs

1
R c+jT L R +∞
f (t) = L−1 {F (s)} = 2πj
limT →∞ c−jT F (s)est ds ⇐==⇒ F (s) = L {f (t)} = −∞ f (t)e−st dt

L
transform f (t) ⇐==⇒ F (s)
L
complex conjugation f ∗ (t) ⇐==⇒ F ∗ (s∗ )
L
time shifting f (t − a) t>a>0 ⇐==⇒ a−as F (s)
L
e−at f (t) ⇐==⇒ F (s + a) frequency shifting
L 1
time scaling f (at) ⇐==⇒ |a|
F ( as )
L
linearity af1 (t) + bf2 (t) ⇐==⇒ aF1 (s) + bF2 (s)
L
time multiplication f1 (t)f2 (t) ⇐==⇒ F1 (s) ∗ F2 (s) frequency convolution
L
time convolution f1 (t) ∗ f2 (t) ⇐==⇒ F1 (s)F2 (s) frequency product
L
delta function δ(t) ⇐==⇒ 1
L
shifted delta function δ(t − a) ⇐==⇒ e−as exponential decay
L 1
unit step u(t) ⇐==⇒ s
L 1
ramp tu(t) ⇐==⇒ s2
L 2
parabola t2 u(t) ⇐==⇒ s3
L n!
n-th power tn ⇐==⇒ sn+1

L 1
exponential decay e−at ⇐==⇒ s+a
L 2a
two-sided exponential decay e−a|t| ⇐==⇒ a2 −s2
L 1
te−at ⇐==⇒ (s+a)2
L s
(1 − at)e−at ⇐==⇒ (s+a)2
L a
exponential approach 1 − e−at ⇐==⇒ s(s+a)

L ω
sine sin (ωt) ⇐==⇒ s2 +ω 2
L s
cosine cos (ωt) ⇐==⇒ s2 +ω 2
L ω
hyperbolic sine sinh (ωt) ⇐==⇒ s2 −ω 2
L s
hyperbolic cosine cosh (ωt) ⇐==⇒ s2 −ω 2
L ω
exponentially decaying sine e−at sin (ωt) ⇐==⇒ (s+a)2 +ω 2
L s+a
exponentially decaying cosine e−at cos (ωt) ⇐==⇒ (s+a)2 +ω 2

L
frequency differentiation tf (t) ⇐==⇒ −F 0 (s)
L
frequency n-th differentiation tn f (t) ⇐==⇒ (−1)n F (n) (s)

d L
time differentiation f 0 (t) = dt
f (t) ⇐==⇒ sF (s) − f (0)
d2 L
time 2nd differentiation f 00 (t) = dt 2 f (t) ⇐==⇒ s2 F (s) − sf (0) − f 0 (0)
dn L
time n-th differentiation f (n) (t) = dt n f (t) ⇐==⇒ sn F (s) − sn−1 f (0) − . . . − f (n−1) (0)
Rt L 1
time integration 0 f (τ )dτ = (u ∗ f )(t) ⇐==⇒ F (s)
1 L Rs ∞
frequency integration t
f (t) ⇐==⇒ s F (u)du

L F (s)−f −1
time inverse f −1 (t) ⇐==⇒ s
L F (s) f −1 (0) f −2 (0) f −n (0)
time differentiation f −n (t) ⇐==⇒ s n + sn + sn−1
+ ... + s