Exercise Chapter 1

Question 1

For each following equation, eliminate the constant A and B to form an ordinary differential
equation :

a) y= A x 2 +4
b) y= A e2 x
c) y= A x 2 + B x 3
2 B
d) y= A x +
x3

Question 2

Given y ' ' +6 y ' +9 y=0. Show that

a) y=0 is a solution
b) y=e−3 x and y=x e−3 x are solution
c) y=e−3 x + x e−3 x are also a solution
d) y=x 2 e−3 x is not a solution

Question 3

Find value of m such that y=em x is a solution of the following equation

a) 2 y ' ' −5 y ' −3 y =0

b) y ' ' −4 y=0
c) 3 y ' ' −5 y ' =0
d) y ' ' + 4 y ' +13 y=0

Question 4

−3 x 2
Show that y= A +B e + x 2− x ,where A and B are constant, is a general solution of the
3
''
differential equation y +3 y ' =6 x. Hence find the value A and B if y=2 and y’ = 1/3 when x=0

Question 5

Solve the following first order differential equation. Consider the initial condition, if applicable :

a) √ x 2+1 dy
dx
=x

dy 2 x 2 y
b) =
dx y−1
 dy
c) +2 ( cot x ) y =sin 2 x
dx
dy 1 2

d) + y=e−2 x
dx x
dy y y
e)

f)
dx
=2
√ +
x x
( x 3 + y 3 ) dx−3 x y 2 dy=0
g) xdy− ydx −√ x 2− y2 dx=0
sin x dy π
h)
1+ y dx
=cos x , y()
2
=1

Answers

Q1

a) x y ' −2 y =8
'
b) y =2 y
c) x 2 y ' ' −4 x y ' + 6 y=0
d) y ' ' + 4 y ' +4 y =0
e) x 2 y ' ' + 2 x y ' −6 y=0

Q3

a) -1/2,3
b) -2,2
c) 0,5/3
d) -2±3i

Q4) A=7/3 , B=-1/3

Q5

a) Separable, y= √ x 2 +1+c
2 x3
b) Separable, y−ln y= +c
3
4
1
c) Linear, ysin2 x = sin x+ c
2
−1 −2 x 2

d) Linear, yx= e +c
4
y
e)

f)
Homogeneous,
x√=ln x +c
Homogeneous, x 3−2 y 3=cx
−1 y
g) Homogeneous, sin =ln x+ c
x
h) Separable, y=2sin x−1