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J-integral for Mode-III

Chapter · January 2003

DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2774-7_47

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Leslie Banks-Sills
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Problem 47: J-integral for Mode-III **

L. Banks-Sills

1. Problem

Write the general expression for the J-integral for anti-plane shear, i.e. mode III. Using
the dominant elastic singularity, shrink the J-contour down to the crack tip and prove,
by direct calculation, that

2
J= Km (l)
2f.l

Figure 1. Path for the calculation of J-integral

2. Useful Information

The J-integral [l] given by

J= J(wn, -T, : } (2)

E. E. Gdoutos et al. (eds.), Problems of Fracture Mechanics and Fatigue

© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2003
220 L. Banks-Sills

where r is the path along which the J-integral is calculated, W =aij&ij I 2 is the
strain energy density for linear elastic material, n 1 is the component of the outward unit
normal n in the x 1 -direction, T; = 0'ijn j and U; are, respectively, the traction and
displacement vectors along r and ds is differential arc length.

3. Solution

3.1 STRESS AND DISPLACEMENT FIELDS NEAR THE CRACK TIP

For a crack under conditions of mode III deformation, the non-zero stresses and
displacements in the neighborhood of the crack tip are given by

(3)

and

(4)

where ~ is the shear modulus.

3.2 STRAIN ENERGY DENSITY

The path r is taken to be a small circle r, of radius r beginning on the lower crack
face and ending on the upper crack face. Each term of the integrand in (2) is evaluated
along r, in the vicinity of the crack tip. For mode III deformation, the strain energy
density is given by

(5)

By Hooke's law,

(6)

Substitution of Equation (6) into Equation (5) leads to

(7)
 J-integral for Mode-III 221

The strain energy density on rc is obtained by introducing the stress components given
by Equation (3) into Equation (7), so that

(8)

3.3 TRACTION

For mode III deformation, the traction vector is given by T1 = T2 =0 and

(9)

The components of the unit normal along rc are

n 1 =cos9, (10)

Substituting the expressions for the stress components in the neighborhood of the crack
tip in Equation (3) and those for the unit normal in Equation (10), we obtain for T3

Km . 9
T3 =--sm- (I 1)
& 2

3.4 DISPLACEMENT DERN A TIVE

Since the displacement u3 is a function of the polar coordinates r and 0, we have

au3 au3 ar au3 ae

--=----+---- (12)
axl ar axl aa axl
We have

(13)

Differentiating the displacement in Equation (4) with respect to r and {) we obtain

(14a)
 222 L. Banks-Sills

au3 = Km lr cos~ (14b)

oe J.l 'Jl; 2
Substitution of Equations ( 13), (14a) and (14b) into Equation (12) yields

oo 3 Krn
--=----sm-
. e
(15)
Bx1 wfi;; 2
3.5 J-INTEGRAL

The J-integra1 is obtained by substituting Equations (8), (11) and (15) into Equation (2);
this leads to

2
J = -K 11-1
2ltJ.1f
RI
-n
e)
-cos9+sin 2 - rde
2 2
(16)

Note that arc length ds = rde on r,. Taking the limit of Equation (16) as r ~ 0 and
integrating, yields the desired relation in Equation (I).

4. References

[I) E.E. Gdoutos (1993) Fracture Mechanics -An Introduction, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht,
Boston, London.
[2) J.R. Rice (1968) A Path Independent Integral and the Approximate Analysis of Strain Concentration by
Notches and Cracks, ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics, JS, 379-386.

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