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Cao2012 PDF
Cao2012 PDF
Cao2012 PDF
a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t
Article history: Quaternary Cu2CdSnS4 nanoparticles, which are useful for the photovoltaic applications, were success-
Received 16 January 2012 fully synthesized by using a simple solvothermal route. Slightly polydispersed nanoparticles were
In final form 2 March 2012 obtained at temperature of 180 °C, analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The cernyite
Available online 19 March 2012
structured Cu2CdSnS4 nanoparticles were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology and
the stoichiometric ratio of the nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The chemical states of the elements in the nanoparti-
cles were analyzed by high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The band gap of the as-
synthesized Cu2CdSnS4 nanoparticles was determined by UV–Vis absorption spectra measurement.
Ó 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
0009-2614/$ - see front matter Ó 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2012.03.016
M. Cao et al. / Chemical Physics Letters 534 (2012) 34–37 35
(a)
Cd
Cu Sn
Cu
Figure 1. XRD pattern of as-synthesized (a) and annealed (b) Cu2CdSnS4
nanoparticles.
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Energy(Kev)
(ahv)2 (a.u.)
role in the formation of quaternary Cu2CdSnS4 nanoparticles in the
Absorbance (a.u.)
synthetic process. A nucleophilic attack by ethylenediamine can
activate elemental sulfur to form S2. In this electron transfer reac-
tion, Cu2+ was also reduced to Cu+ ion by ethylenediamine. Then,
Cu+ complexes with ethylenediamine to form [Cu(en)2]+, which
can effectively prevent the formation of binary copper chalcoge- 1 2 3
nides. So, the reactions shown in Eqs. (1)–(5) may occur in the Bandgap(eV)
solvothermal process.
2p3/2
Cu2p 3d5/2 Cd3d
3d3/2
Intensity(a.u.)
Intensity(a.u.)
2p1/2
3d5/2 S2p
Sn3d 2p3/2
2p1/2
Intensity(a.u.)
Intensity(a.u.)
3d3/2
480 485 490 495 500 158 160 162 164 166
Binding Energy (eV) Binding Energy (eV)