Dr.

Saja Ali Muhsin Prosthodontics-2nd Year

Assist. Prof.: Prosthetic Dental Technology Department/College of Health and Medical Technology, (MTU)
PhD: Restorative Dentistry (UK); MSc., BSc.: Prosthetic Dental Technology (Iraq)
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Impression Trays

Impression: Is a negative likeness made for purpose of diagnosis treatment planning

or the fabrication of a try.
Impression materials: These materials used for produce a negative replica of hard
and soft tissue of the mouth.
Impression tray: It is a receptacle into which a suitable material is placed to make an
impression. It can also be defined as a device, which is used to carry, confine and
control impression material for making an impression.

The function of the impression tray:

1. To support the impression material in planned contact with oral tissues.
2. To support the impression material when removed from the mouth so that a cast
can be poured.

Types of trays

1. Stock trays
A. Edentulous tray
a. Non-perforated.
b. Perforated.
B. Dentulous box tray
a. Non-perforated.
b. Perforated.
c. Rim lock.

Also, stock trays could be classified according to the method of the fabrication into:
A. Full arch trays
B. Sectional arch trays
C. Quadrant arch trays

2. Custom tray or Special tray

A. Compound tray
B. Shellac tray
C. Acrylic resin tray ( light-cured, cold-cured)
a. Close fitting
b. With spacer and stoppers

Custom Tray (Special tray): It is an impression tray made on the diagnostic cast
and is designed to make a more accurate and detailed impression. It is fabricated for a
specific impression procedure for the patient and is discarded after use.

Relief materials
1. Baseplate wax
2. Nonasbestos casting liner

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Dr. Saja Ali Muhsin Prosthodontics-2nd Year
Assist. Prof.: Prosthetic Dental Technology Department/College of Health and Medical Technology, (MTU)
PhD: Restorative Dentistry (UK); MSc., BSc.: Prosthetic Dental Technology (Iraq)
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Types of spacers for maxillary arch custom trays
1. Spacer for deep vault palate.
2. Spacer for flat vault palate.
3. Spacer for an anterior flabby tissue.
4. Full spacer

Types of spacers for mandibular arch custom trays

1. Full spacer covering the retromolar pad
2. Full spacer not covering the retromolar pad
3. The spacer on the crest of the ridge

Requirements of custom tray:

1. It should be dimensionally accurate
2. It should be rigid
3. It should nearly have the shape of the completed impression
4. It should be evenly thick (2 mm)
5. Tray borders should be short of the final impression by 2 mm.

Fabrication of custom tray:

• Custom tray fabrication should be done only after ensuring completeness of
diagnostic cast, with a well-formed uniform land area of the cast.
• All the relevant anatomical landmarks with functional limits should be
evident.
• In atrophied foundations and altered anatomy, special considerations should
be given for requirements of coverage in the light of altered physiology.
• The estimated border should be marked with indelible pencil on the diagnostic
cast before designing the custom tray.
• The tray should be sufficiently thick as to be rigidly inflexible.
• The design of the tray should be rationalized on the basis of technique, i.e.
minimal pressure or a controlled pressure.
• The spacers and issue stops should be planned accordingly

Factors affecting successful denture fabrication

1. Retention
2. Stability
3. Support

Factors affecting denture retention

• Anatomical factors
• Physiological factors
• Physical factors
• Mechanical factors
• Oral& facial musculature
• Psychological effects and patient’s tolerance

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Dr. Saja Ali Muhsin Prosthodontics-2nd Year
Assist. Prof.: Prosthetic Dental Technology Department/College of Health and Medical Technology, (MTU)
PhD: Restorative Dentistry (UK); MSc., BSc.: Prosthetic Dental Technology (Iraq)
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Factors affecting denture stability
• Retention
• Diagnosis
• Denture base outline
• Size and form of basal seat.
• The quality of final impression.
• Occlusal plane.
• Proper location and arrangement of the artificial teeth.
• Instructions and education of the patient

Factors affecting denture support

• The denture is extended to cover maximum surface area without
impinging on movable tissues.
• Tissues most capable of resisting resorption are selectively loaded during
function.

References
(Johnson and Wood, 2012) (Association, 2004) (Institution, 1983)
ASSOCIATION, A. D. 2004. CDT: Current Dental Terminology, American Dental Association.
INSTITUTION, B. S. 1983. British standard glossary of dental terms, British Standards Institution.
JOHNSON, T. & WOOD, D. J. 2012. Techniques in complete denture technology, John Wiley &
Sons.