Homework 10 MATH2023 Homework 10 MATH2023

Exercise 16.4 Qu. 8 Since the cylinder is a closed surface, so we can use the divergence theorem to do this question

Qu. 4 If F = x3 i + 3yz 2 j + (3y 2 z + x2 ) k, then F = x2 i + y 2 j + z 2 k

∇ · F = 3x2 + 3z 2 + 3y 2 , and ∇ · F = 2x + 2y + 2z
ZZ ZZZ
ZZ ZZZ
F·n
b dS = ∇ · F dV (Divergence Theorem)
∴ F·n
b dS = ∇ · F dV (where G is the cylinder)
S G
ZZZ S G
ZZZ
=3 (x2 + y 2 + z 2 ) dV
=2 (x + y + z) dV
G
G
Z 2πZ πZ a
=3 ρ2 · ρ2 sin φ dρ dφ dθ ZZZ Z πZ 2 sin θZ 4
0 0 0
∴ x dV = r cos θ · r dz dr dθ
12 5 0 0 0
= πa . G
5 Z πZ 2 sin θ
=4 r 2 cos θ dr dθ
0 0
Z π
8
=4× cos θ sin3 θ dθ
3 0
π
32 

= sin4 θ  = 0
3 
0

ZZZ Z πZ 2 sin θZ 4
y dV = r sin θ · r dz dr dθ
0 0 0
G
Z πZ 2 sin θ
=4 r 2 sin θ dr dθ
0 0
Z π
32
= sin4 θ dθ
3 0
π
32 1 3 1 

= ( − 2 cos 2θ + cos 4θ) = 4π
3 4 2 4 
0

ZZZ Z πZ 2 sin θZ 4
z dV = z · r dz dr dθ
0 0 0
G
Z πZ 2 sin θ
=8 r dr dθ
0 0
Z π
= 16 sin2 θ dθ
0
π
1 1 

= 16 × (θ − sin 2θ) = 8π
2 2 
0
ZZ
∴ F·n
b dS = 2(0 + 4π + 8π) = 24π.
S

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 Homework 10 MATH2023 Homework 10 MATH2023

Qu. 11 This is a closed surface, we can use Divergence Theorem to do this question. Qu. 23 Note that ∇ · (φF) = φ∇ · F + ∇φ · F, thus
ZZZ ZZZ ZZZ
F = (x + y 2 ) i + (3x2 y + y 3 − x3 ) j + (z + 1) k
φ∇ · F dV + ∇φ · F dV = ∇ · (φF) dV
∇ · F = 1 + 3(x2 + y 2 ) + 1 = 2 + 3(x2 + y 2 ). D D D
ZZ
= φF · n
b dS (Divergence Theorem)
S

Qu. 24 If F = ∇φ in Qu. 23, then ∇ · F = ∇2 φ and

ZZZ ZZ ZZ
φ∇2 φ dV + k∇φk2 dV = φ∇φ · n
b dS.
Let G be the conical domain, S its conical surface, and B its base disk, as shown in the figure.
D D S
We have
ZZ ZZZ
F·n
b dS = ∇ · F dV If ∇2 φ = 0 in D and φ = 0 on S, then
S+B G
ZZZ
ZZZ k∇φk2 dV = 0.
2 2
= [2 + 3(x + y )] dV D
G
Z 2πZ a Z r
b(1− a ) Since φ is assumed to be smooth, ∇φ = 0 throughout D, and therefore φ is constant on each
= (2 + 3r 2 )r dz dr dθ (Cylindrical coord) connected component of D. Since φ = 0 on S, these constants must all be zero, and φ = 0 on
0 0 0
Z a D.
r
= 2πb r(2 + 3r 2 )(1 − ) dr
0 a
Z a
2r 2 3r 4
= 2πb (2r + 3r 3 − − ) dr
0 a a
2πa2 b 3πa4 b
= + .
3 10

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 Homework 10 MATH2023 Homework 10 MATH2023
2 2 2
Exercise 16.5 Qu. 3 Let C be the circle x +y = a , z = 0, oriented counter-
2
Qu. 2 Let S be the part of the surface z = y lying inside clockwise as seen from the positive z-axis. Let D be the

the cylinder x2 + y 2 = 4, and having upward normal n

b. disk bounded by C, with normal n
b = k.

Then C is the oriented boundary of S. Let D be the

disk x2 + y 2 6 4, z = 0, that is, the projection of S onto
the xy-plane. If F = y i − x j + z 2 k , then

 
 i j k 
 
 ∂ ∂ ∂ 
∇ × F =   = −2 k.
  
 ∂x ∂y ∂z   i

j k 

 y −x z2   ∂ 
 ∂ ∂ 
∇×F= 
 ∂x ∂y ∂z 
Let f (x, y, z) = z − y 2 = 0, this is a level surface in 3D, so ∇f = (0, −1, 1) = n, so  
 3y −2xz 2
x −y 2
I I
2 = 2(x − y) i + 2x j − (2z + 3) k.
y dx − x dy + z dz = F · dr
C C
ZZ
ZZ I
= (∇ × F) · n
b dS (Stoke’s Theorem)
(∇ × F) · n
b S dS = F · dr (Stoke’s Theorem)
S C
S
ZZ
ZZ
= (∇ × F) · n dA
= (∇ × F) · k dA (Green’s Theorem)
D
ZZ D
ZZ
= (−2 k) · (− j + k) dA
=− 3 dA
D
D
ZZ
= (−2) dA = −3πa2 .
D

= −2π(2)2
= −8π.

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 Homework 10 MATH2023 Homework 10 MATH2023

Qu. 8 Note that r(0) = 2 i + j = r(2π), therefore r(t) is a closed space curve for 0 6 t 6 2π. So we Qu. 9 If S1 and S2 are two surfaces joining C1 to C2 each hav-
can use Stoke’s Theorem. ing upward normal, then the closed surface S3 consist-
 
 i j k  ing of S1 and −S2 (that is , S2 with downward normal)
 
 ∂ ∂ ∂  bound a region G in 3-space. Then

∇×F =   = k.
 ∂x ∂y ∂z 
 
 yex x + ex z 2 

ZZ ZZ ZZ ZZ
F·n
b dS − F·n
b dS = F·n
b dS + F·n
b dS
Note also that
S1 S2 S −S2
x = 1 + cos t ZZ
= F·n
b dS
y = 1 + sin t
S3
z = 1 − sin t − cos t ZZZ
=± ∇ · F dV
so we have x + y + z = 3 and (x − 1)2 + (y − 1)2 = 1
G
i.e. C lies on the surface x + y + z = 3 and (x − 1)2 + (y − 1)2 = 1.
=0
In fact, C is the boundary of the elliptic disk in the plane x+ y + z = 3 lying inside the cylinder
(x − 1)2 + (y − 1)2 = 1. provided that ∇ · F ≡ 0. Since
Let f (x, y, z) = x + y + z = 3, this is a level surface in 3D, so ∇f = (1, 1, 1) = n.
I ZZ F = (αx2 − z) i + (xy + y 3 + z) j + βy 2 (z + 1) k
Therefore F · dr = (∇ × F) · n
b dS
C
S we have
ZZ
= (∇ × F) · n dA ∇ · F = 2αx + x + 3y 2 + βy 2
R 1
ZZ =0 if α=− and β = −3.
2
= k · (1, 1, 1) dA
ZZ
R
ZZ In this case we can evaluate F·n
b dS for any such surface S by evaluating the special case
= dA S

R where S is the half-disk H : {x2 + y 2 6 1, z = 0, y ≥ 0}, with upward normal n

b = k. We
= π(1)2 = π. have
ZZ ZZ
x x 2 z3 x F·n
b dS = −3 y 2 dA
Alternatively, note that F = ye i + (x + e ) j + z k = x j + ∇φ, where φ = ye + . The
3 S H
curve C is a closed curve in a simply connected domain, so Z πZ 1
I I I
= −3 r 2 sin θ r dr dθ
F · dr = x j · dr + ∇φ · dr 0 0
C C C
I 3π
=− .
= x dy 8
C
Z 2π
= (1 + cos t) cos t dt
0
Z 2π
= cos2 t dt = π.
0

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