PSYCOLINGUISTICS

Sara Vanessa Jiménez

Shirley k. Muñoz E

Use of Language Definition Classroom Activity

Instrumental It is training in which the reinforcement is made The teacher introduce an
“I want” contingent on the occurrence of the response. activity like “understanding the
Learners with an instrumental motivation want to World around me” students will
learn a language because of a practical reason such get in contact with other
as getting a salary bonus or getting into college. experiences that tell them, it is
important to learn a foreign
language in order to
communicate and to know
different cultures around the
world. Teacher encourages
students to learn the language
so that they can better
understand and get to know the
people who speak that
language.
Regulatory This use of language emphasizes autonomy and Teacher will explain the topic, at
“You need to…” “Do control by the individual who monitors, directs, the end of the class the teacher
as I tell you…” and regulates actions toward goals of information will assign them a task like a
acquisition, expanding expertise, and self- portfolio in which students can
improvement. add they classroom and home
tasks. Student will gradually
become more autonomous,
creating an environment of self-
regulated learning. In this point
teachers have to keep on mind
that students need to realize the
importance of utilizing them in
order to experience academic
success.
Interactional This use of language referred to when learners Students will be engaging in
“Me and You” engaged with their interlocutors in negotiations collaborative discourse and
around meaning, the nature of the input might be argumentation enhances
qualitatively changed. The more adjustment within through a debate. They will
interaction, the more input becomes expose they point of view, the
comprehensible. teacher gives teams time to
prepare, and then put them into
argument with a team focused
on representing an opposing
viewpoint. According to
Vygotsky, social interaction
plays an important role in the
 learning process and proposed
the zone of proximal
development, where learners
construct the new language
through socially mediated
interaction.
Personal Personalized learning refers to instruction in which Teachers allow their students to
“Here I come” the pace of learning and the instructional approach explore, search or investigate
are optimized for the needs of each learner. about a specific topic, the
Learning objectives, may all vary based on learner students have the opportunity
needs. In addition, learning activities are to find the most important for
meaningful and relevant to learners, driven by them, and students will be able
their interests, and often self-initiated. According to share their classmates.
to Piaget teachers are continually in conversation Personal learning becomes
with the students, creating the learning experience according to the student´s own
that is open to new directions depending upon the needs and interest, through this
needs of the student as the learning progresses. they can complete task and
develop an appropriate learning
environment.

Authoritative This use of language places limits and controls on
“How it must be” the students but simultaneously encourages
independence. In this method teachers often
explain the reasons behind the rules and decisions.  place in order to complete the
Representational This is convenient to express many general priors
“I have got something about the world around us. We experience the
to tell you” world around us through our five senses; the
representational systems ways represent, code,
store and give meaning or language to our
experiences. So we all use each of the senses and
each of us also has a preferred representational
system, one that we use most when we speak,
learn or communicate in any way. According to
Maria Montessori, children experience life, learn,
and develop intelligence through the use of
the senses.
Imaginative Imagination play an important part in the learning
In any activity teachers have to
establish the rules, agreements
an contracts that has to take
class objective. It involves
teacher actions and
instructional techniques to
create a learning environment
that facilitates and supports
active engagement in academic,
social and emotional learning.
The teacher can introduce a
story using different tone,
volume and varying it at
different times during the
session. Students will get
engage to the story through the
representational activity that
involve images, sounds. Also the
teacher can use visual aids
where possible and props to see
and touch. Students can relate
the activity to the real word so it
could be memorable in their
learning process.
The teacher will develop an
“let`s pretend” process, it is a good thing and that it ought to be
stimulated and developed in education in order to
complete task, but also to develop those aspects
that students are interested (Play, art, music etc.)
activity that will use audio and
visual material, the teacher will
use storytelling to introduce
his/her student into the imagine
word.

Heuristic Involving or serving as an aid to learning, Teacher will introduce role play
“Tell me why” discovery, or problem solving by experimental activity, students will practice,
and especially trial and error methods. and solve the situation with
making decisions through case
studies. Teachers should
provide students with
opportunities to explore, learn,
and work independently.
By following the instructions
and guidelines of the teacher
the students acquire the
solution.
Perpetuating This used of language causes the learning to Students are going to develop
“How it was” continue, because the knowledge that learners their own diaries and records
have been developing it is present in their mind about things that were more
such as histories, records, past experiences etc. relevant for them. They could
do it through images and short
sentences that can explain what
they have learned.
Diversionary This use of language tries to add the diversion Teacher can include in his/her
“Enjoy this” part in learning. Students can get different lesson activities like a sheet to
alternative in order to learn, they will enjoy it. be used with sticker dots, or
image that students can
connect according to the topic,
also teachers can use Puzzles
or games, students will
experiment the learning
process as an enjoyable
experience.