Ver – this commands shows

version of Ms-Dos being used

on a computer.
Syntax- Ver

Vol – This command is used to

see volume label of a disk.
Volume label is the name given
to a disk. It can be up to 11
characters long.
Syntax- Vol <drive name>
C:\> Vol C:

MORE – [External, More.Com] –

This command shows the
contents of a file page wise or
result of a command page
wise.
Syntax-
 a) More <file name>
b) Command | More
C:\> more < story
C:\> Dir | more

SORT- [External, Sort.Com]

This command arrange the
contents of file in ascending or
descending order.
Syntax- Sort <File name>
[/R]
C:\> Sort < Player
C:\> Sort < Player /R

SYS – [ External, SYS.COM] this

command is used to make a
disk bootable. It copies three
files in target disk, these are
IO.Sys, Msdos.sys,
Command.Com
Syntax- Sys <Drive name>
Sys A:

FORMAT A: /S
SYS A:

MACRO – Shortcut of one or

more commands of ms-dos is
called macro. It is used to
execute a set of commands by
using any shortcut.
Example
C:\> DOSKEY D=DATE
C:\>D
C:\> DOSKEY X=DATE $T
TIME
C:\>X
Macros are temporary. Macros
get deleted when computer is
turned off.
C:\>DOSKEY V=VER
C:\> V
C:\>DOSKEY V=VER $T VOL

BATCH FILE – It is a file which

contains set of command of
ms-dos. It is used to create
permanent shortcut of ms-dos
commands. It is used to
automate any task.

C:\> Copy con First.Bat

Date
Time
Cls
Dir /p
F6
C:\>First

Autoexec.bat is a special batch

file of Ms-Dos. This batch file
automatically executes
whenever computer is turned
on.
C:\> Copy Con Autoexec.Bat
Dir /p
Cls
Date
Time
Ver
F6
Restart computer

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MACRO

AND BATCH FILE
1. Macros are temporary
shortcut of commands
while batch files are
permanent shortcut
2. $T is used to separate
command of macro while
enter key is used to
separate commands of
batch file
3. In a macro multiple
command can be written on
a line but in a batch file
only one command can be
written on a line
Doskey x=date $t time $t ver $t
vol
Copy con autoexec.bat
Date
Time
Ver
Vol
F6
a