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O Level Class Date 25-4-2020 PDF
O Level Class Date 25-4-2020 PDF
OS.
Syntax - write username < filename
Msg – this command is used to send message to any user.
Syntax - msg username
Type desired message then press Ctrl + D
Wall – this command is used to send desired message to all users.
Syntax
1) Wall <file name ex wall <notice
2) Wall (enter key), now type message then press Ctrl + D
grep ‘CPU’ fundamental (will show those lines which contain CPU)
grep -v ‘CPU’ fundamental (will show those lines which do not
contain CPU)
grep -n ‘CPU’ fundamental (Will show counting of the lines which
contain CPU)
who – this command is used to see list of users with their login
time.
Syntax- who
who am I – this command show current user’s name and login time.
Syntax- who am i
What is Ms-Dos?
It stands for Microsoft disk operating system. It is a single user
and single tasking operating system. This operating system was
developed by Microsoft Company of USA in August 1981. It is
system software which manages the resources of a computer and
allows other application software to execute. It makes possible
easy operation of computer. Till now several versions of MS-Dos are
released. Among those versions MS-Dos 7.0 is latest. It works in
CUI (Command line user interface) mode.
Ms-Dos performs following works-
1) Processor management
2) File management
3) Input / Output management
4) Memory management
Booting – successful loading of the programs of operating system
from disk to primary memory is called booting. Whenever a
computer is turned on the programs of operating system gets
loaded from Hard disk to RAM. Successful completion of this work
is called booting. Booting requires following three files
1) Command.com
2) MsDos.sys
3) Io.sys
Command – An instruction for computer is called command.
There are two types of MS-Dos commands-
1) Internal commands
2) External commands
Internal commands – those commands which are part of the file
named command.com are called internal commands. This type of
commands of ms-dos are directly executed, they do not require any
additional file to execute. Examples of internal commands are date,
time, cls, copy, ver, vol etc
Example
Copy con First.Bat
Date
Time
CLS
Dir /P
F6
First
Autoexec.bat – it is a special batch file of Ms-Dos which starts
execution as soon as computer is turned on. When a computer is
turned on the operating system gets loaded from disk to RAM then
Autoexec.bat automatically starts execution. We can by pass the
execution of Autoexec.bat by pressing F5 key
Differences between macro and batch file-
1. Macro is temporary shortcut of commands while
batch file is permanent shortcut of commands
2. macro executes faster than batch file
3. commands of a macro are separated by $T while
commands of a batch file are separated by Enter
key
4. More than one commands can be written on a line
while using macro but a batch file contains only
one command on a line