Acanthamoeba SPP.: Chapter 2: Protozoan Infections

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CHAPTER 2: PROTOZOAN INFECTIONS

(con’t)

FREE-LIVING PATHOGENIC AMEBAE

 Parasite:
Acanthamoeba spp.

 Parasite Biology
- A ubiquitous, free-living ameba

- Etiologic agent of:


Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) and
Granulomatous amebic encephalitis

- Characterized by an active
trophozoite stage with characteristic
prominent “thorn-like” appendages
(acanthopodia)

- Highly resilient cyst stage into which


it transforms when envi conditions
are not favorable

- It is an aquatic organism that is


found in a myriad of natural and
artificial environments, and can
survive even in contact lens cleaning
solutions.

- Motile trophozoites feed on gram-


negative bacteria, blue-green algae,
or yeasts and reproduce by binary
fission

- but can also adapt to feed on


corneal epithelial cells and
neurologic tissue through
phagocytosis and secretion of lytic
enzymes

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