Set Theory and Relations 5

1
A  {(x, y) : y  , 0  x  R}
x

B  {(x, y) : y  x, x  R}, then

(a) AB A (b) A B  B
Set theory (c) A  B   (d) None of these
1. The set of intelligent students in a class is [AMU 10. Let A  [x : x  R,| x|  1];
1998] B  [x : x  R,| x  1| 1] and A  B  R  D,
(a) A null set then the set D is
(b) A singleton set
(a) [x : 1  x  2] (b) [x : 1  x  2]
(c) A finite set
(d) Not a well defined collection (c) [x : 1  x  2] (d) None of these
2. Which of the following is the empty set 11. If the sets A and B are defined as
[Karnataka CET 1990] A  {(x, y) : y  ex , x  R} ;
(a) {x : x is a real number and x2  1  0} B  {(x, y) : y  x, x  R}, then [UPSEAT 1994,
99, 2002]
(b) {x : x is a real number and x2  1  0}
(a) B  A (b) A  B
(c) {x : x is a real number and x2  9  0}
(c) A  B   (d) A B  A
(d) {x : x is a real number and x2  x  2} n
12. If X  {4  3n  1 : n  N} and
3. The set A  {x : x  R, x2  16 and 2x  6} equals Y  {9(n  1) : n  N}, then X  Y is equal to
[Karnataka CET 1995] [Karnataka CET 1997]
(a)  (b) {14, 3, 4} (a) X (b) Y
(c) {3} (d) {4} (c) N (d) None of these
4. If a set A has n elements, then the total number 13. Let n(U )  700, n(A)  200, n(B)  300 and
of subsets of A is [Roorkee 1991; Karnataka CET n(A  B)  100, then n(Ac  Bc ) 
1992, 2000]
[Kurukshetra CEE 1999]
(a) n (b) n2
(a) 400 (b) 600
(c) 2n (d) 2n (c) 300 (d) 200
5. The number of proper subsets of the set {1, 2, 3} 14. In a town of 10,000 families it was found that 40%
is family buy newspaper A, 20% buy newspaper B
[JMIEE 2000] and 10% families buy newspaper C, 5% families
buy A and B, 3% buy B and C and 4% buy A and C.
(a) 8 (b) 7
If 2% families buy all the three newspapers, then
(c) 6 (d) 5 number of families which buy A only is
6. Given the sets A  {1, 2, 3},B  {3,4}, C = {4, [Roorkee 1997]
5, 6}, then A  (B  C) is [MNR 1988; (a) 3100 (b) 3300
Kurukshetra CEE 1996] (c) 2900 (d) 1400
(a) {3} (b) {1, 2, 3, 4} 15. In a city 20 percent of the population travels by
(c) {1, 2, 4, 5} (d) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} car, 50 percent travels by bus and 10 percent
travels by both car and bus. Then persons
7. If A and B are any two sets, then A  (A  B) is travelling by car or bus is
equal to [Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
[Karnataka CET 1996] (a) 80 percent (b) 40 percent
(a) A (b) B (c) 60 percent (d) 70 percent
(c) c (d) Bc
A 16. In a class of 55 students, the number of students
c studying different subjects are 23 in Mathematics,
8. If A and B are two given sets, then A  (A  B) 24 in Physics, 19 in Chemistry, 12 in Mathematics
is equal to and Physics, 9 in Mathematics and Chemistry, 7 in
[AMU 1998; Kurukshetra CEE 1999] Physics and Chemistry and 4 in all the three
(a) A (b) B subjects. The number of students who have taken
exactly one subject is [UPSEAT 1990]
(c)  (d) A  Bc
9. If the sets A and B are defined as
 6 Set Theory and Relations
(a) 6 (b) 9 28. Let S  {0,1, 5, 4,7} . Then the total number
(c) 7 (d) All of these of subsets of S is
17. If A, B and C are any three sets, then A × (B  C) (a) 64 (b) 32
is equal to (c) 40 (d) 20
[Pb. CET 2001] 29. The number of non-empty subsets of the set {1, 2, 3,
(a) (A × B)  (A × C) (b) (A  B) × (A  C) 4} is
(c) (A × B)  (A × C) (d) None of these [Karnataka CET 1997; AMU 1998]
18. If A, B and C are any three sets, then A – (B  C) is (a) 15 (b) 14
equal to (c) 16 (d) 17
(a) (A – B)  (A – C) (b) (A – B)  (A – C) 30. The smallest set A such that A  {1, 2} = {1, 2, 3,
5, 9} is
(c) (A – B)  C (d) (A – B)  C
(a) {2, 3, 5} (b) {3, 5, 9}
19. If A, B and C are non-empty sets, then (A – B)  (B (c) {1, 2, 5, 9} (d) None of these
– A) equals [AMU 1992, 1998; DCE
1998]
31. If A  B = B, then [JMIEE 2000]

(a) (A  B) – B (b) A – (A  B) (a) A  B (b) B  A

(c) (A  B) – (A  B) (d) (A  B)  (A  B) (c) A   (d) B  
20. If A  {2, 4, 5}, B  {7, 8, 9}, then n(A  B) 32. If A and B are two sets, then A  B  A  B iff
is equal to (a) A  B (b) B  A
(a) 6 (b) 9 (c) A  B (d) None of these
(c) 3 (d) 0 33. Let A and B be two sets. Then
21. If the set A has p elements, B has q elements, (a) A  B  AB (b) A  B  AB
then the number of elements in A × B is
[Karnataka CET 1999] (c) A  B = A  B (d) None of these
(a) p  q (b) p  q  1 34. Let A  {(x, y) : y  ex , x  R} ,
(c) pq (d) p2 B  {(x, y) : y  e x , x  R}. Then
22. If A  {a, b},B  {c, d},C  {d, e}, then (a) A  B   (b) A  B  
(c) A  B  R2 (d) None of these
{(a, c),(a, d),(a, e),(b, c),(b, d),(b, e)} is 35. If A = {2, 3, 4, 8, 10}, B = {3, 4, 5, 10, 12},
equal to C = {4, 5, 6, 12, 14} then (A  B)  (A  C) is
[AMU 1999; Him. CET 2002] equal to
(a) A  (B  C) (b) A  (B  C) (a) {3, 4, 10} (b) {2, 8, 10}
(c) A × (B  C) (d) A × (B  C) (c) {4, 5, 6} (d) {3, 5, 14}
23. If P, Q and R are subsets of a set A, then R × (Pc  36. If A and B are any two sets, then A  (A  B) is
Qc)c = equal to
[Karnataka CET 1993] (a) A (b) B
(a) (R × P)  (R × Q) (b) (R  Q)  (R  P ) (c) Ac (d) Bc
(c) (R  P )  (R  Q) (d) None of these 37. If A, B, C be three sets such that A  B = A  C
24. In rule method the null set is represented by and A  B = A  C, then [Roorkee 1991]
[Karnataka CET 1998] (a) A = B (b) B = C
(a) {} (b)  (c) A = C (d) A = B = C
(c) {x : x  x} (d) {x : x  x} 38. Let A = {a, b, c}, B = {b, c, d}, C = {a, b, d, e},
then A  (B  C) is [Kurukshetra CEE
25. A  {x : x  x} represents [Kurukshetra CEE 1997]
1998] (a) {a, b, c} (b) {b, c, d}
(a) {0} (b) {} (c) {a, b, d, e} (d) {e}
(c) {1} (d) {x} 39. If A and B are sets, then A  (B – A) is
 1  (a)  (b) A
26. If Q   x : x  , wherey  N  , then
 y  (c) B (d) None of these
(a) 0  Q (b) 1  Q 40. If A and B are two sets, then A  (A  B) is
2 equal to
(c) 2  Q (d) Q (a) A (b) B
3
27. Which set is the subset of all given sets (c)  (d) None of these
(a) {1, 2, 3, 4,......} (b) {1} 41. Let U  {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10},
(c) {0} (d) {} A  {1, 2, 5},B  {6,7}, then A  B is
 Set Theory and Relations 7
(a) B (b) A [Kerala (Engg.) 2001]

(a) n(A)  n(B) (b)

(c) A (d) B
42. If A is any set, then n(A)  n(B)  n(A  B)
(a) A  A   (b) A  A  U (c) n(A)  n(B)  n(A  B) (d)
(c) A  A  U (d) None of these n(A)n(B)
43. If Na  [an: n  N}, then N 5  N 7  (e) n(A)  n(B)
[Kerala (Engg.) 2005]
53. In a battle 70% of the combatants lost one eye,
(a) N 7 (b) N 80% an ear, 75% an arm, 85% a leg, x% lost all
(c) N 35 (d) N 5 the four limbs. The minimum value of x is
(a) 10 (b) 12
(e) N 12
(c) 15 (d) None of these
44. If aN  {ax : x  N}, then the set 3N  7N is
54. Out of 800 boys in a school, 224 played cricket,
(a) 21 N (b) 10 N 240 played hockey and 336 played basketball. Of
(c) 4 N (d) None of these the total, 64 played both basketball and hockey;
45. The shaded region in the given figure is [NDA 80 played cricket and basketball and 40 played
2000] A cricket and hockey; 24 played all the three games.
(a) A  (B  C) The number of boys who did not play any game is
(b) A  (B  C) [DCE 1995; MP PET 1996]

(c) A  (B – C) C B (a) 128 (b) 216

(d) A – (B  C) (c) 240 (d) 160
46. If A and B are two sets then (A – B)  (B – A)  (A 55. A survey shows that 63% of the Americans like
 B) is equal to cheese whereas 76% like apples. If x% of the
(a) A  B (b) A  B Americans like both cheese and apples, then
(c) A (d) B (a) x  39 (b) x  63
47. Let A and B be two sets then (A  B)  (A  B) (c) 39  x  63 (d) None of these
is equal to 56. 20 teachers of a school either teach mathematics
(a) A (b) A or physics. 12 of them teach mathematics while 4
(c) B (d) None of these teach both the subjects. Then the number of
teachers teaching physics only is
48. Let U be the universal set and A  B  C  U .
Then {(A B)(BC)(C  A)} is equal to (a) 12 (b) 8
(a) A  B  C (b) A  (B  C) (c) 16 (d) None of these
(c) A BC (d) A  (B  C) 57. Of the members of three athletic teams in a school
21 are in the cricket team, 26 are in the hockey
49. If n(A)  3 , n(B)  6 and A  B . Then the team and 29 are in the football team. Among
number of elements in A  B is equal to them, 14 play hockey and cricket, 15 play hockey
(a) 3 (b) 9 and football, and 12 play football and cricket.
Eight play all the three games. The total number
(c) 6 (d) None of these of members in the three athletic teams is
50. Let A and B be two sets such that (a) 43 (b) 76
n(A)  0.16, n(B)  0.14, n(A  B)  0.25 .
(c) 49 (d) None of these
Then n(A  B) is equal to 58. In a class of 100 students, 55 students have
[JMIEE 2001] passed in Mathematics and 67 students have
(a) 0.3 (b) 0.5 passed in Physics. Then the number of students
who have passed in Physics only is
(c) 0.05 (d) None of these
[DCE 1993; ISM Dhanbad 1994]
51. If A and B are disjoint, then n(A  B) is equal to (a) 22 (b) 33
(c) 10 (d) 45
(a) n(A) (b) n(B)
59. If A and B are two sets, then A × B = B × A iff
(c) n(A)  n(B) (d) n(A).n(B) (a) A  B (b) B  A
52. If A and B are not disjoint sets, then n(A  B) is (c) A B (d) None of these
equal to
 8 Set Theory and Relations
60. If A and B be any two sets, then (A  B) is 71. The number of elements in the set
equal to {(a, b) : 2a2  3b2  35, a, b  Z}, where Z is
(a) A  Β (b) A  B the set of all integers, is [Kerala (Engg.) 2005]

(c) A B (d) A B (a) 2 (b) 4

61. Let A and B be subsets of a set X. Then (c) 8 (d) 12
(a) A  B  A  B (b) A  B  A  B (e) 16
c
(c) A  B  A  B (d) A  B  A  B c
72. If A  {1, 2, 3, 4}; B  {a, b} and f is a
62. Let A and B be two sets in the universal set. Then mapping such that f : A  B , then A  B is
A  B equals [DCE 2005]
(a) A  Bc (b) Ac  B (a) {(a, 1), (3, b)}
(c) A  B (d) None of these (b) {(a, 2), (4, b)}
63. If A, B and C are any three sets, then
(c) {(1, a), (1, b), (2, a), (2, b), (3, a), (3, b), (4, a),
A  (B  C) is equal to (4, b)}
(a) (A  B)  (A  C) (b) (A  B)  (A  C) (d) None of these
(c) (A  B)  C (d) (A  B)  C 73. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, B = {2, 4, 6}, C = {3, 4, 6},
64. If A, B, C are three sets, then A  (B  C) is equal then (A  B)  C is [Orissa JEE 2004]
to
(a) (A  B)  (A  C) (b) (A  B)  (A  C) (a) {3, 4, 6} (b) {1, 2, 3}
(c) (A  B)  (A  C) (d) None of these (c) {1, 4, 3} (d) None of these
65. If A = {1, 2, 4}, B = {2, 4, 5}, C = {2, 5}, then (A 74. If A = {x, y} then the power set of A is
– B) × (B – C) is
[Pb. CET 2004, UPSEAT 2000]
(a) {(1, 2), (1, 5), (2, 5)} (b) {(1, 4)}
x y
(c) (1, 4) (d) None of these (a) {x , y }
66. If (1, 3), (2, 5) and (3, 3) are three elements of A ×
(b) {, x, y}
B and the total number of elements in A  B is 6,
then the remaining elements of A  B are (c) {, {x}, {2y}}
(a) (1, 5); (2, 3); (3, 5) (b) (5, 1); (3, 2); (5, 3) (d) {, {x}, {y}, {x, y}}
(c) (1, 5); (2, 3); (5, 3) (d) None of these
75. A set contains 2n  1 elements. The number of
67. A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {3, 8}, then (A  B) × (A 
subsets of this set containing more than n
B) is
elements is equal to
(a) {(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 8)}
(b) {(1, 3), (2, 3), (3, 3), (8, 3)} [UPSEAT 2001, 04]
(c) {(1, 2), (2, 2), (3, 3), (8, 8)} (a) 2n1 (b) 2n
(d) {(8, 3), (8, 2), (8, 1), (8, 8)}
68. If A = {2, 3, 5}, B = {2, 5, 6}, then (A – B) × (A  B) (c) 2n1 (d) 22n
is 76. Which of the following is a true statement [UPSEAT
(a) {(3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 5)} (b) {(3, 2), (3, 5), (3, 6)} 2005]
(c) {(3, 2), (3, 5)} (d) None of these
(a) {a}  {a, b, c} (b) {a}  {a, b, c}
69. In a class of 30 pupils, 12 take needle work, 16
take physics and 18 take history. If all the 30 (c)   {a, b, c} (d) None of these
students take at least one subject and no one
77. If A = {x : x is a multiple of 4} and B = {x : x is a
takes all three then the number of pupils taking 2
subjects is [J & K 2005] multiple of 6} then A  B consists of all multiples
of [UPSEAT 2000]
(a) 16 (b) 6
(c) 8 (d) 20 (a) 16 (b) 12
70. If n(A)  4 , n(B)  3 , n(A  B  C)  24 , (c) 8 (d) 4
then n(C)  78. A class has 175 students. The following data
[Kerala (Engg.) 2005] shows the number of students obtaining one or
(a) 288 (b) 1 more subjects. Mathematics 100, Physics 70,
(c) 12 (d) 17 Chemistry 40; Mathematics and Physics 30,
(e) 2 Mathematics and Chemistry 28, Physics and
Chemistry 23; Mathematics, Physics and
 Set Theory and Relations 9
Chemistry 18. How many students have offered 4. The relation R defined on the set of natural
Mathematics alone numbers as {(a, b) : a differs from b by 3}, is
given by
[Kerala (Engg.) 2003]
(a) {(1, 4, (2, 5), (3, 6),.....} (b) {(4, 1), (5, 2), (6,
(a) 35 (b) 48 3),.....}
(c) 60 (d) 22 (c) {(1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9),..} (d) None of these
5. The relation R is defined on the set of natural
(e) 30
numbers as {(a, b) : a = 2b}. Then R 1 is given
79. Consider the following relations : by
(1) A  B  A  (A  B) (a) {(2, 1), (4, 2), (6, 3).....} (b) {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3,
6)....}
(2) A  (A  B)  (A  B)
(c) R 1 is not defined (d) None of these
(3) A  (B  C)  (A  B)  (A  C)
6. The relation R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 3),
which of these is/are correct (1, 3)} on set A = {1, 2, 3} is
[NDA 2003] (a) Reflexive but not symmetric
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 only (b) Reflexive but not transitive
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 2 (c) Symmetric and Transitive
80. If two sets A and B are having 99 elements in (d) Neither symmetric nor transitive
common, then the number of elements common 7. The relation “less than” in the set of natural
to each of the sets A  B and B  A are numbers is
[Kerala (Engg.) 2004] [UPSEAT 1994, 98, 99; AMU 1999]
(a) 299 (b) 992 (a) Only symmetric (b) Only transitive
(c) 100 (d) 18 (c) Only reflexive (d) Equivalence relation
(e) 9 8. 2 2
Let P  {(x, y)| x  y  1, x, y  R} . Then P is
81. Given n(U)  20 , n(A)  12 , n(B)  9 , (a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
n(A  B)  4 , where U is the universal set, A and (c) Transitive (d) Anti-symmetric
C
B are subsets of U, then n((A  B) )  9. Let R be an equivalence relation on a finite set A
[Kerala (Engg.) 2004] having n elements. Then the number of ordered
(a) 17 (b) 9 pairs in R is
(c) 11 (d) 3 (a) Less than n
(e) 16 (b) Greater than or equal to n
(c) Less than or equal to n
Relations (d) None of these
10. For real numbers x and y, we write xRy 
1. Let A = {1, 2, 3}. The total number of distinct x  y  2 is an irrational number. Then the
relations that can be defined over A is relation R is
(a) 29 (b) 6 (a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
(c) 8 (d) None of these (c) Transitive (d) None of these
2. Let X  {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and 11. Let X be a family of sets and R be a relation on X
Y  {1, 3, 5,7, 9}. Which of the following is/are defined by ‘A is disjoint from B’. Then R is
relations from X to Y (a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
(a) R1  {(x, y)| y  2  x, x  X, y  Y } (c) Anti-symmetric (d) Transitive
12. If R is a relation from a set A to a set B and S is a
(b)
relation from B to a set C, then the relation SoR
R2  {(1,1),(2,1),(3, 3),(4, 3),(5, 5)}
(a) Is from A to C (b) Is from C to A
(c) R3  {(1,1),(1, 3)(3, 5),(3,7),(5,7)} (c) Does not exist (d) None of these
(d) R4  {(1, 3),(2, 5),(2, 4),(7, 9)} 13. If R  A  B and S  B  C be two relations,
1
3. Given two finite sets A and B such that n(A) = 2, then (SoR) 
n(B) = 3. Then total number of relations from A to
(a) S 1oR1 (b) R 1oS1
B is
(a) 4 (b) 8 (c) SoR (d) RoS
(c) 64 (d) None of these
 10 Set Theory and Relations
14. If R be a relation < from A = {1,2, 3, 4} to B = {1, 24. R is a relation from {11, 12, 13} to {8, 10, 12}
3, 5} i.e., (a, b)  R  a  b, then RoR1 is defined by y  x  3 . Then R1 is
(a) {(1, 3), (1, 5), (2, 3), (2, 5), (3, 5), (4, 5)} (a) {(8, 11), (10, 13)} (b) {(11, 18), (13, 10)}
(b) {(3, 1) (5, 1), (3, 2), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4)} (c) {(10, 13), (8, 11)} (d) None of these
25. Let A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {1, 3, 5}. If relation R from A
(c) {(3, 3), (3, 5), (5, 3), (5, 5)}
to B is given by R ={(1, 3), (2, 5), (3, 3)}. Then
(d) {(3, 3) (3, 4), (4, 5)}
R1 is
15. A relation from P to Q is (a) {(3, 3), (3, 1), (5, 2)} (b) {(1, 3), (2, 5), (3, 3)}
(a) A universal set of P × Q (c) {(1, 3), (5, 2)} (d) None of these
(b) P × Q 26. Let R be a reflexive relation on a set A and I be the
(c) An equivalent set of P × Q identity relation on A. Then
(d) A subset of P × Q (a) R  I (b) I  R
16. Let A = {a, b, c} and B = {1, 2}. Consider a relation (c) R  I (d) None of these
R defined from set A to set B. Then R is equal to 27. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and R be a relation in A given by
set R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (1, 2), (2, 1), (3,
[Kurukshetra CEE 1995] 1), (1, 3)}.
(a) A (b) B Then R is
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
(c) A × B (d) B × A
(c) Transitive (d) An equivalence
17. Let n(A) = n. Then the number of all relations on A relation
is 28. An integer m is said to be related to another integer
(a) 2n (b) 2(n)! n if m is a multiple of n. Then the relation is
(a) Reflexive and symmetric (b) Reflexive and
(c) 2n2 (d) None of these transitive
18. If R is a relation from a finite set A having m (c) Symmetric and transitive (d) Equivalence
elements to a finite set B having n elements, then relation
the number of relations from A to B is 29. The relation R defined in N as aRb b is divisible
(a) 2 mn (b) 2 mn
1 by a is
(a) Reflexive but not symmetric
(c) 2mn (d) m n
(b) Symmetric but not transitive
19. Let R be a reflexive relation on a finite set A having
(c) Symmetric and transitive
n-elements, and let there be m ordered pairs in R.
Then (d) None of these
(a) m n (b) m n 30. Let R be a relation on a set A such that R  R1 ,
(c) m n (d) None of these then R is
20. The relation R defined on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} (a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
by (c) Transitive (d) None of these
R = {(x, y) : | x 2  y2 | 16} is given by 31. Let R = {(a, a)} be a relation on a set A. Then R is
(a) {(1, 1), (2, 1), (3, 1), (4, 1), (2, 3)} (a) Symmetric
(b) {(2, 2), (3, 2), (4, 2), (2, 4)} (b) Antisymmetric
(c) {(3, 3), (3, 4), (5, 4), (4, 3), (3, 1)} (c) Symmetric and antisymmetric
(d) None of these (d) Neither symmetric nor anti-symmetric
21. A relation R is defined from {2, 3, 4, 5} to {3, 6, 7, 32. The relation "is subset of" on the power set P(A) of a
10} by xRy x is relatively prime to y. Then set A is
domain of R is (a) Symmetric (b) Anti-symmetric
(a) {2, 3, 5} (b) {3, 5}
(c) Equivalency relation (d) None of these
(c) {2, 3, 4} (d) {2, 3, 4, 5}
33. The relation R defined on a set A is antisymmetric if
22. Let R be a relation on N defined by x  2y  8 . The (a, b)  R  (b, a)  R for
domain of R is
(a) {2, 4, 8} (b) {2, 4, 6, 8} (a) Every (a, b) R (b) No (a, b)  R
(c) {2, 4, 6} (d) {1, 2, 3, 4} (c) No (a, b),a  b, R (d) None of these
23. If R  {(x, y)| x, y  Z, x2  y2  4} is a relation
34. In the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, a relation R is defined
in Z, then domain of R is by
(a) {0, 1, 2} (b) {0, – 1, – 2}
(c) {– 2, – 1, 0, 1, 2} (d) None of these
R = {(x, y)| x, y  A and x < y}. Then R is
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
 Set Theory and Relations 11
(c) Transitive (d) None of these (c) {7p  3 : p  Z} (d) None of these
35. Let A be the non-void set of the children in a family. 45. Let R and S be two equivalence relations on a set A.
The relation x is a brother of y on A is Then
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric (a) R  S is an equivalence relation on A
(c) Transitive (d) None of these (b) R  S is an equivalence relation on A
36. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and let R= {(2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (c) R  S is an equivalence relation on A
(1, 2)} be a relation on A. Then R is
(d) None of these
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
46. Let R and S be two relations on a set A. Then
(c) Transitive (d) None of these
37. The void relation on a set A is (a) R and S are transitive, then R  S is also
transitive
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric and
transitive (b) R and S are transitive, then R  S is also
transitive
(c) Reflexive and symmetric (d) Reflexive and
transitive (c) R and S are reflexive, then R  S is also
reflexive
38. Let R1 be a relation defined by
(d) R and S are symmetric then R  S is also
R1  {(a, b)| a  b, a, b  R} . Then R1 is symmetric
[UPSEAT 1999] 47. Let R = {(1, 3), (2, 2), (3, 2)} and S = {(2, 1), (3, 2),
(a) An equivalence relation on R (2, 3)} be two relations on set A = {1, 2, 3}. Then
(b) Reflexive, transitive but not symmetric RoS =
(c) Symmetric, Transitive but not reflexive (a) {(1, 3), (2, 2), (3, 2), (2, 1), (2, 3)}
(d) Neither transitive not reflexive but symmetric (b) {(3, 2), (1, 3)}
39. Which one of the following relations on R is an (c) {(2, 3), (3, 2), (2, 2)}
equivalence relation (d) {(2, 3), (3, 2)}
(a) a R1 b | a|| b| (b) aR2b  a  b 48. Let L denote the set of all straight lines in a plane.
Let a relation R be defined by
(c) aR3b  a dividesb (d) aR4b  a  b R   , ,   L . Then R is
40. If R is an equivalence relation on a set A, then R1 (a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
is (c) Transitive (d) None of these
(a) Reflexive only 49. Let R be a relation over the set N × N and it is
(b) Symmetric but not transitive defined by (a, b)R(c, d)  a  d  b  c. Then
(c) Equivalence R is
(d) None of these (a) Reflexive only (b) Symmetric only
41. R is a relation over the set of real numbers and it is (c) Transitive only (d) An equivalence
given by nm 0 . Then R is relation
(a) Symmetric and transitive (b) Reflexive and 50. Let n be a fixed positive integer. Define a relation R
symmetric on the set Z of integers by, aRb  n| a  b |. Then
(c) A partial order relation (d) An equivalence R is
relation
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
42. In order that a relation R defined on a non-empty
(c) Transitive (d) Equivalence
set A is an equivalence relation, it is sufficient, if R
51. Let
[Karnataka CET 1990]
R  {(3, 3), (6, 6), (9, 9), (12, 12), (6, 12), (3, 9)
(a) Is reflexive
be a relation on the set A  {3, 6, 9, 12} . The
(b) Is symmetric
relation is
(c) Is transitive
[AIEEE 2005]
(d) Possesses all the above three properties
(a) An equivalence relation
43. The relation "congruence modulo m" is
(b) Reflexive and symmetric only
(a) Reflexive only (b) Transitive only
(c) Reflexive and transitive only
(c) Symmetric only (d) An equivalence
(d) Reflexive only
relation
44. Solution set of x  3 (mod 7), p  Z, is given by 52. x2  xy is a relation which is
[Orissa JEE 2005]
(a) {3} (b) {7p  3 : p  Z} (a) Symmetric (b) Reflexive
 12 Set Theory and Relations
(c) Transitive (d) None of these [AMU 1998]
53. Let R = {(1, 3), (4, 2), (2, 4), (2, 3), (3, 1)} be a (a) A  B (b) A  B
relation on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4}. The relation R (c) A  B (d) A  B
is [AIEEE 2004]
6. If
(a) Reflexive (b) Transitive
(c) Not symmetric (d) A function A  {x : x2  5x  6  0},B  {2, 4},C  {4, 5},
54. The number of reflexive relations of a set with four then A  (B  C) is [Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
elements is equal to [UPSEAT 2004]
(a) {(2, 4), (3, 4)} (b) {(4, 2), (4, 3)}
(a) 216 (b) 212 (c) {(2, 4), (3, 4), (4, 4)} (d) {(2,2), (3,3), (4,4),
(c) 28 (d) 24 (5,5)}
55. Let S be the set of all real numbers. Then the 7. In a college of 300 students, every student reads 5
relation R = {(a, b) : 1 + ab > 0} on S is newspaper and every newspaper is read by 60
[NDA 2003] students. The no. of newspaper is
(a) Reflexive and symmetric but not transitive [IIT 1998]

(b) Reflexive and transitive but not symmetric (a) At least 30 (b) At most 20
(c) Symmetric, transitive but not reflexive (c) Exactly 25 (d) None of these
(d) Reflexive, transitive and symmetric 8. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; B = {2, 3, 6, 7}. Then the
(e) None of the above is true number of elements in (A × B)  (B × A) is
56. If A is the set of even natural numbers less than 8 (a) 18 (b) 6
and B is the set of prime numbers less than 7,
(c) 4 (d) 0
then the number of relations from A to B is
[NDA 2003] 9. Let A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {1, 3, 5}. A relation
(a) 2 9 (b) 9 2 R : A  B is defined by R = {(1, 3), (1, 5), (2, 1)}.
Then R 1 is defined by
(c) 3 2 (d) 291
(a) {(1,2), (3,1), (1,3), (1,5)} (b) {(1, 2), (3, 1), (2,
1)}
(c) {(1, 2), (5, 1), (3, 1)} (d) None of these
10. Let R be the relation on the set R of all real
numbers defined by a R b iff | a  b| 1 . Then R
is [Roorkee 1998]
1. If X  {8n  7n  1 : n  N} and (a) Reflexive and Symmetric (b)
Y  {49(n  1) : n  N}, then Symmetric only
(a) X  Y (b) Y  X (c) Transitive only (d) Anti-symmetric only
(c) X  Y (d) None of these 11. With reference to a universal set, the inclusion of a
subset in another, is relation, which is
2. If Na  {an: n  N}, then N3  N4  [Karnataka CET 1995]
(a) N7 (b) N12 (a) Symmetric only (b) Equivalence relation
(c) Reflexive only (d) None of these
(c) N 3 (d) N4
12. Let R be a relation on the set N of natural numbers
3. Sets A and B have 3 and 6 elements respectively.
defined by nRm  n is a factor of m (i.e., n|m).
What can be the minimum number of elements in
Then R is
AB
[MNR 1987; Karnataka CET 1996] (a) Reflexive and symmetric
(a) 3 (b) 6 (b) Transitive and symmetric
(c) 9 (d) 18 (c) Equivalence
4. If A  [(x, y) : x2  y2  25] (d) Reflexive, transitive but not symmetric
and B = [(x, y) : x  9y  144] , then A  B
2 2 13. Let R and S be two non-void relations on a set A.
contains Which of the following statements is false
[AMU 1996; Pb. CET 2002] (a) R and S are transitive  R  S is transitive
(a) One point (b) Three points (b) R and S are transitive  R  S is transitive
(c) Two points (d) Four points
(c) R and S are symmetric  R  S is symmetric
5. If A  [x : x is a multiple of 3] and B  [x : x is a
(d) R and S are reflexive  R  S is reflexive
multiple of 5], then A – B is ( A means
complement of A)
 Set Theory and Relations 13
14. Let a relation R be defined by R = {(4, 5); (1, 4);
(4, 6); (7, 6); (3, 7)} then R1oR is
(a) {(1, 1), (4, 4), (4, 7), (7, 4), (7, 7), (3, 3)}
(b) {(1, 1), (4, 4), (7, 7), (3, 3)}
(c) {(1, 5), (1, 6), (3, 6)}
(d) None of these
15. Let R be a relation on the set N be defined by {(x,
y)| x, y  N, 2x + y = 41}. Then R is
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
(c) Transitive (d) None of these