Conveyor

Conveyor

It moves material from one location to another

• It used for transportation of heavy or bulky materials in industry
• It Make possible to larger quantities of grain per unit human labour.
Grain handling types
 Belt conveyor
 Bucket elevator
 Screw conveyor
 Pneumatic conveyor
 Selection of proper conveying system

Selected according to the characteristics of the products being conveyed

Stability of the conveyor must be ensured under all normal working and
climatic conditions
The capacity and speed should be maintained at specified limit
Dead load of the conveyor should be low
System should have possibility to use of gravity
The capacity of conveying should match with the capacity of processing unit
Spillage of conveyed product should be avoided
 Belt conveyor
It is an endless belt operating between two pulleys with its load supported on idlers.

The belt may be

 Flat (for bagged material)
 V- Shape or some other enclosed shape (for bulk material)

Parts
 Belts
 Drives mechanism
 End pulley
 Idlers
 Loading and discharge devices
 Capacity is based on Speed and width of belt
The high capacity belt conveyor conveying 2000 t/ hr.
 The belt speed should not more than 3.5 m/s, but now days some belt conveyor
speed 4.5 m/s is used
 Trough angle

 200 trough angle is best suited for paddy

 other common trough angle are 300 and 450
Idlers
 The efficiency of belt conveyor is largely depend on idler. It provide balanced and smooth
running alignment
It is generally three types
 Flat belt idler
 Trough idlers with 200 trough (for bulk material)
 Trough idlers with 350 and 450 trough (for light weight material, grain, cotton seed etc)
Belt conveyor loading and unloading
 Bucket elevator
A bucket elevator consist of bucket attached to a chain or belt that revolve around two pulleys one at top
and the other at bottom

 The vertical lift of elevator may range between few meter to more than 50 m.

 Its capacity may vary from 2 to 1000 t/ hr.

 The top pulley is driven pulley and lower pulleys is return and tension pulley.

 Its capacity mainly depends on bucket size, speed, bucket design and spacing, way of loading and unloading
and characteristic of bulk material

 It has high speed range from 2.5 4 m/ sec.

It is broadly classified two type

 Spaced bucket conveyor

 Continuous bucket elevator

Loading and unloading of Bucket elevator
Screw conveyor
 The screw conveyor consist of a tubular or U shaped trough in which a shaft with spiral screw revolves
 The screw shaft is supported by end and hanger bearings
 The rotation of screw pushes the grain along the trough
 Generally it is used for short distances
 It requires relatively high power and is more susceptible to wear than other types conveyor
 In standard screw pitch is equal to its diameter
 It is generally used for move grains horizontally but can also be used for any angle up to 90 0 from
horizontal
 But capacity correspondingly reduced as per the inclination
Main parts
Screw blade, screw shaft, coupling, trough, cover, inlet and outlet gates, bearing and drive mechanism