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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!
f
!1Coco bowl is a standard sized bowl that is used as a method to measure many edible goods, widely used in markets all over Ghana
as an alternative to weighing scale which are seldom used by small traders. One coco bowl can contain about 2.4 kg of shea kernels.
However, one bowl of kernels bought actually weighs 3 kg, because the sellers/buyers usually add one big handful.
!
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>&)=./*%=D!899Q]J!
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30
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$)! .%A$)!/$%6*+D!A]!/*)!$)?!4&/*)!@%&/!+<*!=&.+<!&@!N<$)$!$)?!>]!/*)!$)?!4&/*)!+%$?()F!
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31
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!

1 2 3

4 5
32
1. A calabash is rapped in paper, 2. The rapped calabashes go into the burlap sack, 3. Last calabash goes
into the sack, 4. The sack is tight firmly by rope, 5. Sack with three calabashes of shea butter is ready to be
sold and transported.
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33
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A&4'! $+! +<*! +(/*! &@! ?$+$! >&''*>+(&)! \'&4L7%(>*! =*$=&)!
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+<*! %$)F*! &@! g! +&! h! N<$)$! >*?(*=! \fJQh! +&! gJf9! *.%&]! ;(F.%*!gJi!L!E&/*)!=*''()F!=/$''!=(l*=!
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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!
8
!http://www.aak.com/; http://www.croklaan.com/; http://www.adm.com & http://www.wilmar-international.com/
http://www.ghananuts.com; http://www.olamonline.com
!
34
>&/7$%*?!+&!+<*!A&4'!$)?!>$'$A$=<*=!2&'./*=J!!M=!+<*!7%(>*!7*%!6F!@&%!+<*!=/$''!$/&.)+=!(=!9Jdh!
*.%&D!4<*)!=&'?!$+!i9!F%$/=D!+<*!7%(>*=!7*%!6F!&@!+<*!A&4'!\9Jgd!+&!9Jh9!*.%&n6F]!$)?!>$'$A$=<*=!
\9Jd9!+&!9Jc8!*.%&n6F]!(=!>&)=(?*%*?!<(F<*%!()!+$A'*!gJfJ!
!
!
5$A'*!gJf!L!P2*%2(*4!&@!'&>$'!$)?!C.%&7*$)!7%(>*=D!$)?!Y.$)+(+(*=!&@!A.++*%!=&'?!A-!%*+$('*%=!$)?!
4<&'*=$'*%=!&)!+<*!.%A$)!/$%6*+=!()!5$/$'*u!
Producers and retailers Store keepers (urban) !
!
Local International Prices selling Prices selling !
weight weight (kg)
Ghana Euro** p/kg (€) Ghana Euro** p/kg (€) !
cedis cedis !
Small 0.015 - 0.05 0.03 2.00 - 0.75 !
amounts 0.04kg
Bowl 5kg 3-4 1.85 - 2.50 0.37 - 0.50 5-6 3.10 - 3.75 0.62 - 0.75 !
Calabash 16-28kg 18-25 11.25 -15.60 0.70 - 0.62 25-35 15.60 - 21.90 0.98 - 0.78 !
Sack 60-85kg 80-90 50 - 56.25 0.83 - 0.66 !
* Data collected in July-September 2008.
** Euro rate: 1 euro is 1.60 GhC! !
!
!
!
!

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35
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Costs GhC Euro** Benefit GhC Euro**
Store 12 per year 7.5 Bowl 5 3.13
Watchmen 1-2 0.63- Calabash 25-35 15.63-
month/store 1.25 21.88
Sack 80-90 50 -
‘council toll’ 1,5 .94 56.25
month/store
calabash from rural 18 – 25 15.60 -
women 21.90
bowl from rural 3-4 3.10 -
women 3.75
young man for 1 per sack 0.63
packing
young man for 0.50- 1 per 0.31 -
loading sack 0.63
sack/rope . .
paper . .
transport to and Depending .
from village market on distance
and on load
* Data collected in July/August 2008.
** Euro rate: 1 euro is 1.60 GhC!

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!At the national workshop day of the national association of shea nut farmers processors and buyers of Ghana. This
meeting had the topic ‘shea nut in Ghana, the way forward’.!
!
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>&)=./*%=J!5<(=!A*>$.=*!&@!*07&=.%*!+&!=.)!$)?!+&!?.=+J!5<*!A.++*%!>$)!A*!7$>6$F*?!()!$!7'$=+(>!
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>&)=./*%=!+<*/=*'2*=!$+!<&/*!\7*%=&)$'!>&//.)(>$+(&)!+&!>&)=./*%=]J!
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+<*%*! 4(''! A*! )&! ?(=$?2$)+$F*=kJ! K&! (+! 4(''! )&+! /$++*%! ()! 4<$+! 4$-! (+! (=! F(2*)! +&! +<*! >&)=./*%J!
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/*)+(&)*?J!5<%**!7*&7'*!/*)+(&)*?!+<*!*)2(%&)/*)+$'!>&)>*%)!&@!.=()F!7$7*%!$)?!7'$=+(>!A$F=J!
!
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57
5$A'*!cJg!L!E$-!&@!7%*=*)+()F!$)?!7$>6$F()F!+<*!=<*$!A.++*%!
!
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!!

58
 36% 46%

household

household
and selling
selling
18%

!!!!!!!
!;(F.%*!cJ8!L!K<*$!A.++*%!.=*!
!
!
!
!
!
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8h6F]J!K/$''!=(l*=!$)?!A&4'=!$%*!A&.F<+!+<*!/&=+D!hhr!$)?!gcr!\=**!@(F.%*!cJh]J!V)!@(F.%*!cJc!+<*!
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>&)=./*%=! A.-! 9Jh! +&! 8! &@! +<*! =/$''! =(l*=! $! /&)+<J! i9r! &@! >&)=./*%=! 4<&! A.-! A&4'=D! A.-! $)!
$/&.)+! &@! g! +&! h! A&4'! 7*%! /&)+<J! ;&%! =6()>$%*! =/$''! $/&.)+=! $%*! .=*?! $)?! '$=+! '&)F*%J! K<*$!
A.++*%!@&%!>&&6()F!(=!.=*?!()!'$%F*%!Y.$)+(+(*=J!U*7*)?()F!&)!+<*!<&.=*<&'?!=(l*!&%!?*7*)?()F!&)!
*>&)&/(>$'!.=*!&@!+<*!=<*$!A.++*%D!$=!()!=*''()F!@&&?D!'$%F*%!Y.$)+(+(*=!$%*!.=*?J!!
!
! !
!
!
! F ig u r e 5 . F re q u e n c y b o u g h t b y c o n s u m e r s o f s m a ll s iz e s a n d
o f b o w ls o f s h e a b u tte r in a m o n th
! 45
40
! 35
Frequency (%)

! 30
25
! 20
15
! 10
! 5
0
! 0 ,5 - 2 3 - 5 6 - 1 5 e v e ry 0 ,5 - 2 3 -5 6 - 1 5 e v e ry
day day
! (3 0 ) (3 0 )
! A m o u n t s o f s h e a b u tt e r ( s m a ll s iz e s a n d b o w ls )

;(F.%*! cJh! L! M/&.)+=! &@! =<*$! A.++*%! A&.F<+! A-! hh!

>&)=./*%=!
!

59
!
! Figure 5. Frequency bought by consumers of small sizes and
of bowls of shea butter in a month
! 45
! 40
! 35
Frequency (%)

! 30
! 25
! 20
! 15
! 10
! 5
! 0
! 0,5-2 3-5 6- 15 every 0,5-2 3-5 6- 15 every
! Small sizes day Bowls day
(30) (30)
!
! Amounts of shea butter (small sizes and bowls)
! !
! ;(F.%*!cJc!L!;%*Y.*)>-!A&.F<+!A-!>&)=./*%=!&@!=/$''!=(l*=!$)?!&@!A&4'=!
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!
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!
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!
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60
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61
P+<*%!)*F$+(2*!$=7*>+=!/*)+(&)*?!A-!>&)=./*%=!4$=!+<*!-*''&4!A.++*%!$)?!+<*!<$%?)*==!&@!+<*!
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Percentage
of dislike of
shea butter

50,00
45,00 49
40,00
35,00
36
30,00
25,00
20,00
15,00
10,00
5,00 9
5
0,00
none smell taste other
Dislikes of shea butter

!
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>&)=./*%=!
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+<$)!=<*$!A.++*%! A(++*%! A*>$.=*! &@! F&&?!@&%!>&&6()F! +$=+*!A*++*%!
L! pE<*)! A$?! ).+=! +<$+! <$%?)*==! E*! $%*! .=()F! (+! =()>*!
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62
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hh!>&)=./*%=!(=Z!(@!+<*%*!(=!/&%*!=<*$!A.++*%!A&.F<+!+&?$-!+<$)!()!+<*(%!><('?<&&?D!f9D!89!+&!h9!
-*$%=!A*@&%*J!5<*!%*=.'+!&@!+<(=!Y.*=+(&)!(=!+<$+!$!'(++'*!A(+!'*==!+<$)!<$'@!&@!+<*!$)=4*%=!%*=7&)?*?!
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