LABOR LAW I

M J Manuel

PART I

INTRODUCTION

1987 Constitution
Article II, Sec. 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 18, 20

Section 9. The State shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the
prosperity and independence of the nation and free the people from poverty through
policies that provide adequate social services, promote full employment, a rising standard
of living, and an improved quality of life for all.

Section 10. The State shall promote social justice in all phases of national development.

Section 11. The State values the dignity of every human person and guarantees full
respect for human rights.

Section 13. The State recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation-building and shall
promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social well-being. It
shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and nationalism, and encourage their involvement
in public and civic affairs.

Section 14. The State recognizes the role of women in nation-building, and shall ensure
the fundamental equality before the law of women and men.

Section 18. The State affirms labor as a primary social economic force. It shall protect the
rights of workers and promote their welfare.

Section 20. The State recognizes the indispensable role of the private sector, encourages
private enterprise, and provides incentives to needed investments.

Article III, Sec. 1, 4, 8, 10, 16, 18 (2)

Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of
law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws.

Section 4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of

the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government
for redress of grievances.
Section 8. The right of the people, including those employed in the public and private
sectors, to form unions, associations, or societies for purposes not contrary to law shall
not be abridged.

Section 10. No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed.

Section 16. All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their cases before
all judicial, quasi-judicial, or administrative bodies.

Section 18. (2). No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist except as a punishment
for a crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted.

Article XIII, Sec. 1, 2, 3, 13, 14

Section 1. The Congress shall give highest priority to the enactment of measures that
protect and enhance the right of all the people to human dignity, reduce social, economic,
and political inequalities, and remove cultural inequities by equitably diffusing wealth
and political power for the common good.
To this end, the State shall regulate the acquisition, ownership, use, and disposition of
property and its increments.

Section 2. The promotion of social justice shall include the commitment to create
economic opportunities based on freedom of initiative and self-reliance.

Section 3. The State shall afford full protection to labor, local and overseas, organized
and unorganized, and promote full employment and equality of employment
opportunities for all.

It shall guarantee the rights of all workers to self-organization, collective bargaining and
negotiations, and peaceful concerted activities, including the right to strike in accordance
with law. They shall be entitled to security of tenure, humane conditions of work, and a
living wage. They shall also participate in policy and decision-making processes affecting
their rights and benefits as may be provided by law.

Section 13. The State shall establish a special agency for disabled person for their
rehabilitation, self-development, and self-reliance, and their integration into the
mainstream of society.

Section 14. The State shall protect working women by providing safe and healthful
working conditions, taking into account their maternal functions, and such facilities and
opportunities that will enhance their welfare and enable them to realize their full potential
in the service of the nation.
Labor Code
Article 3, 4, 172, 218, 290 (as amended by R.A. 10395)

ART. 3. Declaration of basic policy. - The State shall afford protection to labor, promote
full employment, ensure equal work opportunities regardless of sex, race or creed and
regulate the relations between workers and employers. The State shall assure the rights of
workers to self-organization, collective bargaining, security of tenure, and just and
humane conditions of work.

ART. 4. Construction in favor of labor. - All doubts in the implementation and

interpretation of the provisions of this Code, including its implementing rules and
regulations, shall be resolved in favor of labor.

Art. 172. Policy. – The State shall promote and develop a tax-exempt employees’
compensation program whereby employees and their dependents, in the event of work-
connected disability or death, may promptly secure adequate income benefit and medical
related benefits.

Article 218. Declaration of policy. A. It is the policy of the State:

(a) To promote and emphasize the primacy of free collective bargaining and negotiations,
including voluntary arbitration, mediation and conciliation, as modes of setting labor or
industrial disputes;

(b) To promote free trade unionism as an instrument for the enhancement of democracy
and the promotion of social justice and development;

(c) To foster the free and voluntary organization of a strong and united labor movement;

(d) To promote the enlightenment of workers concerning their rights and obligations as
union members and as employees;

(e) To provide an adequate administrative machinery for the expeditious settlement of

labor or industrial disputes;

(f) To ensure a stable but dynamic and just industrial peace; and

(g) To ensure the participation of workers in decision and policy-making processes

affecting their rights, duties and welfare.

B. To encourage a truly democratic method of regulating the relations between the

employers and employees by means of agreements freely entered into through collective
bargaining, no court or administrative agency or official shall have the power to set or fix
wages, rates of pay, hours of work or other terms and conditions of employment, except
as otherwise provided under this Code.
Article 290. Tripartism and tripartite conferences. (a) Tripartism in labor relations is
hereby declared a State policy. Towards this end, workers and employers shall, as far as
practicable, be represented in decision and policy-making bodies of the government.

(b) The Secretary of Labor and Employment or his duly authorized representatives may
from time to time call a national, regional, or industrial tripartite conference of
representatives of government, workers and employers for the consideration and adoption
of voluntary codes of principles designed to promote industrial peace based on social
justice or to align labor movement relations with established priorities in economic and
social development. In calling such conference, the Secretary of Labor and Employment
may consult with accredited representatives of workers and employers. (As amended by
RA 6715)

Civil Code
Article 19, 1700, 1702

Art. 19. Every person must, in the exercise of his rights and in the performance of his
duties, act with justice, give everyone his due, and observe honesty and good faith.

Art. 1700. The relations between capital and labor are not merely contractual. They are so
impressed with public interest that labor contracts must yield to the common good.
Therefore, such contracts are subject to the special laws on labor unions, collective
bargaining, strikes and lockouts, closed shop, wages, working conditions, hours of labor
and similar subjects.

Art. 1702. In case of doubt, all labor legislation and all labor contracts shall be construed
in favor of the safety and decent living for the laborer.

PART II

EMPLOYER-EMPLOYEE RELATIONSHIP

A. Elements of Relationship
Labor Code: Article 97 (a), (b), (c), (e); 173 (f), (g); 219 (e) & (f)

Cases:
Television and Production Exponents v. Servaña, January 28, 2008
ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp. v. Nazareno, Sept. 26, 2006
Fulache v. ABS-CBN, January 21, 2010
Dumpit-Murillo v. Court of Appeals, June 8, 2007
Fuji Television v. Espiritu, December 3, 2014
Begino v. ABS-CBN, April 20, 2015
 (NOTE: Relate these six cases to Sonza v. ABS-CBN [June 10, 2004])
Bernante v. PBA, September 14, 2011
Abella v. PLDT, June 8, 2005
Consulta v. CA, March 18, 2005
Villamaria v. CA, April 19, 2006
Republic of the Philippines v. ASIAPRO, November 23, 2007
Phil. Global Communications v. De Vera, June 7, 2005
Coca Cola Bottlers v. Climaco, February 5, 2007
Chavez v. NLRC, January 17, 2005
Angelina Francisco v. NLRC, August 31, 2006
Tongko v. Manufacturers Life, June 29, 2010 & January 25, 2011
Matling Industrial v. Coros, October 13, 2010
Cosare v. Broadcom Asia, February 5, 2014
Atlanta Industries v. Sebolino, January 26, 2011
Intel Technology v. NLRC & Cabiles, February 5, 2014
Royale Homes v. Alcantara, July 28, 2014
Bazar v. Ruizol, October 19, 2016

B. Independent Contractors and Labor-Only Contractors

Labor Code: Art. 106-109
Department Order No. 174, series of 2017
(NOTE: Compare with Department Order No. 18-A, series of 2011)
Department Circular No. 1-2017
Executive Order No. 51, series of 2018

Cases:
Philippine Airlines v. Ligan, February 29, 2008
San Miguel Corporation v. Aballa, June 28, 2005
Meralco Industrial Engineering Services v. NLRC, March 14, 2008
Manila Electric Company v. Benamira, July 14, 2005
Dole Phils. v. Esteva, November 30, 2006
Aliviado v. Procter and Gamble, March 9, 2010
Temic Automotive v. Temic Automotive Employees Union, December 23, 2009
Smart Communications v. Astorga, January 28, 2008
Coca-Cola Bottlers v. Agito, February 13, 2009
Manila Water v. Dalumpines, October 4, 2010
Babas v. Lorenzo Shipping, December 15, 2010
Teng v. Pahagac, November 17, 2010
CEPALCO v. CEPALCO Employees Labor Union, June 20, 2016
De Castro v. CA, October 5, 2016
Diamond Farms v. SPFL-Workers Solidarity, January 13, 2016
Quintanar v. Coca-Cola Bottlers, June 28, 2016
PART III

WAGES

1987 Constitution, Article XIII, Section 3

Labor Code, Article 218, 290 (as amended by R.A. 10395)

A. Concept and Definition

Labor Code: Article 97-98

Omnibus Rules: Book III, Rule VII, Sections 2-9

Tan v. Lagrama, August 15, 2002

Philippine Spring Water Resources v. Mahilum, June 11, 2014
Mabeza v. NLRC, April 18, 1997

B. Wage-Fixing

Labor Code: Articles 99, 101, 120-127

R.A. 6727, R.A. 8188, R.A. 9178
NWPC Guidelines No. 2, s. 2012, Guidelines on Two-Tiered Wage System
Wage Order No. NCR-20-21

David v. Macasio, July 2, 2014

Nasipit Lumber Co. v. NWPC, April 27, 1998
ECOP v. NWPC, RTWPB-NCR and TUCP, September 24, 1991
Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company v. NWPC, February 6, 2007
NWPC and RTWP v. APL, March 12, 2014

Wage Distortion
Metropolitan Bank & Trust Company Employees Union-ALU-TUCP v. NLRC,
September 10, 1993
Prubankers Association v. Prudential Bank, January 25, 1999
Bankard Employees Union-WATU v. NLRC, February 17, 2004

C. Payment of Wages

Labor Code: Articles 102-105, 112-119 (check Art. 259 – Agency Fees, in
relation to Art. 112)
Omnibus Rules: Book III, Rule VIII

SHS Perforated Materials v. Diaz, October 13, 2010 (compare with Milan v.
NLRC, February 4, 2015)
Commando Security v. NLRC, July 20, 1992
Mabeza v. NLRC, April 18, 1997
Milan v. NLRC, February 4, 2015
D. Thirteenth-Month Pay

Presidential Decree 851 (1975); Memorandum Order No. 28 (1986)

Revised Guidelines on the Implementation of the 13th Month Pay Law

National Federation of Sugar Workers v. Ovejera, May 31, 1982

Dole Philippines v. Leogardo, October 23, 1982
Universal Corn Products v. NLRC, August 21, 1987
San Miguel Corporation v. Inciong, February 24, 1981
Philippine Duplicators v. NLRC, February 15, 1995
Boie-Takeda Chemicals v. Dela Serna, December 10, 1993
Philippine Agricultural Commercial and Industrial Workers Union v. NLRC,
August 14, 1995

E. Service Charge

Labor Code: Article 96

Omnibus Rules: Book III, Rule VI

F. Non-Diminution

Labor Code: Articles 100

Sevilla Trading Co. v. Semana, April 28, 2004

Arco Metal Products v. Samahan ng mga Manggagawa sa Arco-Metal-NAFLU,
May 14, 2008
Globe Mackay Cable v. NLRC, June 29, 1988
Insular Hotel Employees Union v. Waterfront Insular Hotel Davao,
September 22, 2010
Asis v. Minister of Labor, March 15, 1989
American Wire and Cable Daily Rated Employees Union v. American Wire and
Cable, April 29, 2005
Royal Plant Workers Union v. Coca Cola Bottlers, April 15, 2013

G. Worker Preference

Labor Code: Article 110

Development Bank of the Philippines v. Labor Arbiter, March 8, 1989

Development Bank of the Philippines v. Secretary, November 28, 1989
Development Bank of the Philippines v. NLRC, March 19, 1990 (including
dissenting opinion)

H. Attorney’s Fees

Labor Code: Article 111

PART IV
WORKING CONDITIONS

Introduction: Management Prerogative

San Miguel Brewery Sales v. Ople, February 8, 1989

PT & T v. NLRC, May 23, 1997
Goya v. Goya Employees Union, January 21, 2013

A. Coverage

Labor Code: Article 82

Omnibus Rules: Book III, Rule I, Sections 1-2

National Sugar Refineries Corp. v. NLRC, March 24, 1993

Penaranda v. Banganga Plywood Corp, May 3, 2006
San Miguel Brewery, Inc. v. Democratic Labor Organization, July 31, 1963
Auto Bus Transport Systems v. Bautista, May 16, 2005
Mercidar Fishing Corp. v. NLRC, October 8, 1998
Labor Congress of the Philippines v. NLRC, May 21, 1998
David v. Macasio, July 2, 2014
Apex Mining Company, Inc. v. NLRC, April 22, 1991

B. Hours of Work

Labor Code: Articles 83-90

Omnibus Rules: Book III, Rule I, Sections 3-11, Rule I-A, Rule II

Cases:

Art. 83
Manila Terminal Co. v. CIR, July 16, 1952
San Juan De Dios Hospital Employees Association v. NLRC, November 28, 1997

Art. 84
Rada v. NLRC, January 9, 1992
University of Pangasinan Faculty Union v. University of Pangasinan, February
20, 1984
National Shipyards and Steel Corporation v. CIR, December 30, 1961

Art. 85
National Development Co. v. CIR, November 30, 1962
Sime Darby Pilipinas v. NLRC, April 15, 1998
 Art. 87
Bisig ng Manggagawa ng PRC v. PRC, September 30, 1981
PAL Employees Savings and Loan Association, Inc. (PESALA) v. NLRC,
August 22, 1996

Art. 88
Lagatic v. NLRC, January 28, 1998

Art. 89
Interphil Laboratories Employees Union v. Interphil Laboratories, December 19,
2001
Ramirez v. Polyson Industries, October 19, 2016

Art. 86
Mercury Drug Co. v. Dayao, September 30, 1982

Evidence
Prangan v. NLRC, April 15, 1998
National Semiconductors Distribution Ltd. V. NLRC, June 26, 1998

C. Rest Periods and Holidays

Labor Code: Articles 91-94

Executive Order 203 (1987)
Omnibus Rules: Book III, Rules III-IV
R.A. 9849, December 11, 2009; RA 10966, Dec. 28, 2017

Cases:
Jose Rizal College v. NLRC, December 1, 1987
San Miguel Corp. v. CA, January 30, 2002
Insular Bank of Asia and America Employees Union (IBAAEU) v. Inciong,
October 23, 1985
Wellington Investment and Manufacturing Corporation v. Trajano, July 3, 1995
Caltex Regular Employees at Manila Office v. Caltex (Phils.), August 15, 1995
A. Soriano Aviation v. Employees Association of A. Soriano, August 14, 2009

Divisor
Chartered Bank Employees’ Association v. Ople, August 28, 1985
Odango v. NLRC, June 10, 2004

D. Service Incentive Leave

Labor Code: Articles 95

Omnibus Rules: Book III, Rule V

Cebu Institute of Technology v. Ople, December 18, 1987

Auto Bus Transport Systems v. Bautista, May 16, 2005
E. Employees Paid by Results

Labor Code: Article 101

Tan v. Lagrama, August 15, 2002
Serrano v. Severino Santos Transit, August 9, 2010
Labor Congress of the Philippines v. NLRC, May 21, 1998
David v. Macasio, July 2, 2014

F. Miscellaneous:

LabStat Updates, Vol. 21 No. 3 March 2017,

Decent Work in the Philippines Statistics on Decent Hours of Work (Part 2)

Department Order No. 118-12, Rules and Regulations Regarding the Employment and
Working Conditions of Drivers and Conductors in the Public Utility Bus Transport
Industry

Labor Advisory No. 4, series of 2016, Working Conditions in the Movie and Television
Industry

Department Order No. 178-17, Safety and Health Measures for Workers Who by the
Nature of Their Work Have to Stand at Work
PART V
WORKING CONDITIONS FOR SPECIAL GROUPS OF EMPLOYEES

A. Women

Labor Code: Articles 130, 132-136

Omnibus Rules: Book III, Rule XII, Sections 1, 4-14

R.A. No. 9710, Magna Carta of Women, Section 1-3, 4 (b) & k, 22, 35, 41
Anti-sexual Harassment Act of 1995, R.A. 7877

Philippine Telegraph & Telephone Co. v. NLRC, May 23, 1997

Libres v. NLRC, May 28, 1999
Domingo v. Rayala, February 18, 2008
Re: Anonymous complaint against Atty. Cresencion P. Co Untian, Jr., AC
No. 5900, April 10, 2019
Duncan Association of Detailman v. Glaxo Wellcome, September 17, 2004
Star Paper Corp. v. Simbol, April 12, 2006
Alilem Credit Cooperative v. Bandiola, February 25, 2013
Leus v. St. Scholastica’s College Westgrove, January 28, 2015
Saudi Arabian Airlines [SAUDIA] v. Rebesencio, January 14, 2015
Inocente v. St. Vincent Foundation, June 22, 2016
Capin-Cadiz v. Brent Hospital and Colleges, February 24, 2016

Maternity Leave and Paternity Leave

R.A. 11210, 105-Day Expanded Maternity Leave Law, and its Implementing
Rules (Note: compare with R.A. No. 1161, Social Security Act, as
amended, Section 14-A)
R.A. No. 8187, Paternity Leave Act
Implementing Rules and Regulations of R.A. 8187
CSC Memorandum Circular No. 01-2016

VAWC Victim’s Leave

R.A. 9262, Anti-Violence Against Women and their Children Act, Section 3
(a), 5, 43
Rules And Regulations Implementing Republic Act No. 9262, Section 42

Solo Parent’s Leave

R.A. No. 8972, Solo Parents’ Welfare Act of 2000, Section 3 (a), 6-8
Implementing Rules and Regulations of R.A. No.8972, Section 16-21
 Special Leave

R.A. No. 9710, Magna Carta of Women, Section 18

Implementing Rules and Regulations of R.A. No. 9710, Section 7 (M), 21

B. Night Workers

Labor Code: Articles 154-161 (as amended by R.A. 10151)

D.O. 119-12

For reference: check the repealed Article 130-131

C. Minors

Labor Code: Articles 137-138

Omnibus Rules: Book III, Rule XII, Sections 2-3
R.A. 7610, Special Protection Against Child Abuse, Exploitation and
Discrimination Act, Section 12, as amended by R.A. 7658
R.A. No. 9231, An Act Providing for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of
Child Labor and Affording Stronger Protection for the Working Child…

D. Househelpers

R.A. 10361, Kasambahay Law

Implementing Rules for Kasambahay Law

Cases: Apex Mining Company, Inc. v. NLRC, April 22, 1991

Remington Industrial v. Castaneda, November 20, 2006

E. Homeworkers

Labor Code: Articles 151-153

DOLE Department Order No. 5, series of 1992

F. Handicapped/Disabled

R.A. 7277, Magna Carta for the Disabled, Sections 4 (a-d, i), 5-11, 32-33
Labor Code: Articles 78-81
Omnibus Rules: Book II, Rule VIII

Case: Bernardo v. NLRC, July 12, 1999

PART VI

HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

A. National Manpower Development Program - Government Machinery

Labor Code: Articles 43-56 (insofar as they have not been modified)
The TESDA Act: R.A. 7796

B. Apprenticeship and Learnership

Labor Code: Articles 57-77

Omnibus Rules: Book II, Rules VI-VII
The Dual Training System Act: R.A. 7686

Cases:

Nitto Enterprises v. NLRC, September 29, 1995

Filamer Christian Institute v. IAC, August 17, 1992
Atlanta Industries v. Sebolino, January 26, 2011

C. Employment of Aliens

Labor Code: Articles 40-42

Omnibus Rules: Book I, Rule XIV

Cases:

General Milling Corp. v. Torres, April 22, 1991

International School Alliance of Educators (ISAE) v. Quisumbing, June 1, 2000
McBurnie v. Ganzon, EGI-Managers, Inc., October 17, 2013
PART VII
PRE-EMPLOYMENT, MIGRANT WORKERS

R.A. 8042, Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipino Act, as amended by R.A. 10022
Implementing Rules, Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipino Act
D.O. 141-15

A. Principles and Definitions

Labor Code: Articles 12 - 13

R.A. 8042 (Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipino Act): Secs. 2 - 5
Omnibus Rules Implementing R.A. 8042, secs. 1 - 2
1991 POEA Rules: Book I, Rules I – II

Cases:

JMM Promotion and Management, Inc. v. CA, November 22, 1993

Philippine Ass. of Service Exporters, Inc. v. Drilon, June 30, 1988
Philippine National Bank v. Cabansag, June 21, 2005

B. Recruitment and Placement

1. Definition; Illegal Recruitment; Prohibited Acts

Labor Code : Articles 13(b), 34, 35, 38, 39

R.A. 8042: Secs. 6-9
Rules Implementing R.A. 8042: Secs. 9-13

Cases:

People vs. Diaz, July 26, 1996

Aquino vs. Court of Appeals, November 21, 1991
People v. Señoron, January 30, 1997
People v. Panis, July 11, 1990
People v. Goce, August 39, 1995
Darvin v. CA, July 13, 1998
People v. Yabut, October 5, 1999
People v. Saulo, November 15, 2000
Athenna International Manpower v. Villanos, April 15, 2005
Rodolfo v. People of the Phil., August 10, 2006
People v. Abella, January 20, 2016
2. Regulation of Recruitment and Placement Activities

Labor Code: Art. 16, 18, 25-33, 35-37

R.A. 8042, secs. 29 - 30

Cases:

Eastern Assurance Corp. vs. Secretary of Labor, January 17, 1990

Capricorn Travel and Tours vs. CA, April 3, 1990
Stronghold Insurance Co. vs. CA, January 30, 1992
Catan v. NLRC, April 15, 1988
Royal Crown v. NLRC, October 16, 1989
Trans Action Overseas Corp. v. Secretary of Labor, September 5, 1997
Salazar v. Achacoso, March 14, 1990
Republic v. Human Link Manpower, April 22, 2015

3. Contracts

1991 POEA Rules: Book V, Rule II

Labor Code: Arts. 34-35

Cases:

Virjen Shipping v. NLRC, November 18, 1983, July 20, 1982

Suzara v. Benipayo, August 15, 1989
Seagull Maritime v. Balatongan, February 28, 1989
Chavez v. Bonto-Perez, March 1, 1995
Interorient Maritime Enterprises, Inc. v. NLRC, September 16, 1996
Placewell International Services v. Camote, June 26, 2006
Sunace International Management Services v. NLRC, January 25, 2006
Santiago v. C.F. Sharp, July 10, 2007

4. Government Machinery

Labor Code: Articles 14 - 21, 24 (note that Arts. 15, 17, 19 have been repealed)
E.O. 247 (1987) (POEA Organization)
R.A. 8042: secs. 13 - 30, 32- 34
P.D. 1694 (OWWA)
B.P. 79 (Commission on Filipinos Overseas)

5. Other matters incidental to Overseas Employment

a. Repatriation: R.A. 8042, secs. 14 - 18, 36;

Omnibus Rules Implementing R.A. 8042, secs. 52 - 61

Equi-Asia Placement, Inc. v. DFA, September 19, 2006

 b. Foreign Exchange Remittance
Labor Code: Art. 22
E.O. 857 (1982)
Rules Implementing EO 857: Rule 2, sec. 4; Rule 5, secs. 1 - 5

c. Exemption from taxes and fees; scholarship

R.A. 8042: secs. 35-37

d. Migrant Workers’ Day: R.A. 8042: sec. 39

e. Incentives to Professionals: R.A. 8042: sec. 31

f. Disciplinary Actions: 1991 POEA Rules, Book VII, Rule 7

6. Dispute Settlement

Labor Code: Arts. 36 -37

RA 8042: Secs. 9 - 13
Omnibus Rules Implementing R.A. 8042, secs. 28 - 29

Cases:

Acuña v. CA, May 5, 2006

Serrano vs. Gallant Maritime, March 24, 2009
Sameer Overseas v. Cabiles, August 5, 2014
Yap v. Thenamaris Ship’s Management, May 30, 2011
Skippers United v. Doza, February 8, 2012
Stolt-Nielsen v. Medequillo, January 18, 2011
Estate of Nelson Dulay v. Aboitiz Jebsen Maritime, June 13, 2012
Hon. Sto. Tomas v. Salac, November 13, 2012
Industrial Personnel & Management Services -IPAMS v. De Vera, March 7, 2016
PART VIII

ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM (FOR WAGES AND OTHER BENEFITS)

Labor Code: Arts. 128-129, 224, 234, 306-307

Cases:
Guico v. Secretary, November 16, 1998
EJR Crafts v. CA, March 10, 2006
People’s Broadcasting v. Secretary, May 8, 2009 and March 6, 2012
South Cotabato Communications Corp. v. Sto. Tomas, June 15, 2016
Arriola v. Pilipino Star Ngayon, August 13, 2014
Auto Bus Transport Systems v. Bautista, May 16, 2005
Southeastern Shipping v. Navarra, June 22, 2010

DO 183-17: Revised Rules on the Administration And Enforcement of Labor Laws

Pursuant To Article 128 of the Labor Code, as Renumbered
PART IX

HEALTH, SAFETY AND SOCIAL WELFARE BENEFITS

A. Medical Dental and Occupational Safety (Art 162-171)

B. Employees’ Compensation (Art 172-178)

Cases:

Sarmiento v. ECC, May 11, 1988

Belarmino v. ECC, May 11, 1990
Hinoguin v. ECC, April 17, 1989
GSIS v. CA and Alegre, April 20, 1999
Valeriano v. ECC, June 8, 2000
Alano v. ECC, March 16, 1988
Lazo v. ECC, June 18, 1990
NFD International Manning Agents v. Illescas, September 29, 2010
Menez v. ECC, April 25, 1980
Clemente v. GSIS, July 31, 1987
Narazo v. ECC, February 6, 1990
Orate v. CA, March 26, 2003

Art. 179

Cases:

Ortega v. Social Security Commission, June 25, 2008

Ysmael Maritime v. Avelino, June 30, 1987
P.D. 1921 (DOJ Opinion, May 23, 1989, and January 12, 1990)

C. Social Security (Focus on Coverage, Benefits, Beneficiaries)

R.A. 1161, as amended by R.A. 8282 (SSS)

Social Security Commission v. Azote, April 15, 2015

R.A. 8291 (GSIS)

Limited Portability Law, R.A. No. 7699

R.A. 7875, as amended by R.A. 9241 and 10606 (National Health Insurance Act)