Perceived enjoyment

Definition 1
Perceived enjoyment is defined as “consumers’ overall assessment of the utility
of a attract (or service) based on perceptions of what is received and what is
given” (Zeithaml, 1988), which reflects the trade-off between perceived benefit
and perceived risk. Perceived benefit is related to the benefits users obtain from
the attract, while perceived risk refers to the costs incurred to obtain the attract
or (Zeithaml, 1988; Wood and Scheer, 1996).
Definition 2
The perceived quality is the consumer perception, which is related to the
general quality or superiority of the brand compared to its competitors, in line
with the aim of the product or service (Han 1998). The consumer perception
towards the brand is an important factor of determining the value of the brand.
Definition 3
perceived quality should be defined as not only an overall emotion related to a
certain brand but also reliability and quality that customers perceived from the
brand. Also, they argued that customers recognize overall quality of certain
product comprehensively. Defined perceived quality as customers’ personal
evaluation of the brand’s superiority, in other words, subjectively recognized
level of quality by the customers, which is irrelevant to objectively determined
level of quality7
Definition 4
this study examined the moderating role of the actual purchase experience
among consumers’ various personal characteristics and compared the
differentiating effects on perceived product characteristics and attitudes toward
upcycled products between green and non-green buyers. To design effective
marketing strategies, it is important to identify the differing consumption values
and product attitudes that are likely to influence purchase intent or repurchase
intent by comparing consumers with experience in upcycled products to those
without.

Definition 5
Definition 6
Interactivity has been defined in many ways. Definitions of interactivity can be categorized
on the basis of the primary focus of the authors on features, process, perception, or combined
approaches [McMillan and Hwang 2002].

Review 1
Results show that satisfaction significantly and positively affects users’ purchase intention in
social commerce context. In addition, utilitarian, hedonic and social values have significant
and positive impacts on satisfaction and purchase intention; and utilitarian value is found to
be the most salient factor influencing purchase intention, while hedonic value has the greatest
effect on satisfaction. Moreover, perceived risk significantly and negatively affects
satisfaction.
Review 2
The findings have important implications for marketing practices, particularly in the
telecommunications industry, where products have characteristics similar to those of
information technologies. Some of our findings enhance those of previous studies using TAM
to explain or predict consumer acceptance of innovative products (e.g., the finding that
perceived enjoyment is an important antecedent factor of attitude). First, ease of use,
usefulness, and enjoyment are important antecedents of consumer attitude toward behavioural
intention in the areas of Internet use [Moon and Kim, 2001; van der Heijden, 2003] Perceived
usefulness has a stronger positive effect on perceived enjoyment. This construct can be
viewed as both an important antecedent determinant of attitude and a mediating variable
between perceived usefulness

Review 3
A multiple regression analysis has been made to examine the effect of consumers’ perception
of brand equity on internalizing a new product, which is offered into the market through
brand extension. The analysis has been started with the airline firm of brand A, which is
perceived compatible with the parent brand. In this point, the airline firm of brand A has been
analysed as dependent variable; the perceived quality, brand loyalty, brand associations and
awareness of the brand A as independent variables.

Review 4
This research was conducted to identify the effects of perceived quality individuality (product
individuality, service individuality) on brand image and customer buying behaviour for
domestic companies that do production, sales or service for industrial product. After fully
understanding the concept and dimension of each variable from past studies, we utilized the
results of validity and reliability testing of all measurements in our final analysis. According
to structural equation modelling analysis, we came up with following conclusion on our
hypotheses. Firstly, product individuality was found to have positive effect on brand image.
Secondly, service individuality was found to have positive effect on brand image. Thirdly,
brand image was found to have positive effect on customer buying behaviour. Fourthly,
product individuality was found to have positive effect on customer buying behaviour.

Personalization
Define 1
Personalization is sometimes referred to as one-to-one marketing, because the Webpage is
tailored to specifically target each individual consumer. Personalization involves a process of
gathering user-information during interaction with the user, which is then used to provide
appropriate assistance or services, tailor-made to the user’s needs (Bonett, 2001; Germanakos
et al., 2008).
Define 2
An approach to personalization that has a higher level of automation would mean that
customers would base their purchase decisions on the quality and performance of the
personalization system instead of their own configurations of the personalization. Second,
user-driven personalization is among the most widely deployed personalization strategies on
the web (Tam and Ho, 2006).
Define 3
personalization allows businesses to tailor their offerings to the needs and tastes of the
individual customer by collecting data in various forms and by adapting the website
according to agree on a continuum of automation, ranging from explicit tailoring by the user
to a fully automated system that relies on anonymous usage data. Tam & Ho (2006).
Define 4
Personalization in this paper is defined as “customizing some important attributes of a
product or service and offering it online at price that is almost the same as or somewhat
higher than that of a comparable standardized product”. It combines important elements of
Peppers and Rogers' (1997) and (Pine and Gilmore, 1999).
Define 5
personalization defined here is that customers can select levels of various product attributes
to create the customized products assembled on the basis of their own preferences. Von
Hippel (1998) emphasizes the importance of customer involvement in designing products,
noting that the customer has the best understanding of his or her needs. Another ingredient is
differentiation since the final product differs from the standard version. Personalization can
thus enhance customer perceived value by increasing the value of the bundle of
benefits the customer receives from the product or service.(Von Hippel 1998)
Define 6
personalization is to provide what a particular customer wants by transforming a
standard product into a specialized solution for that individual (Pine and
Gilmore, 1999).
Define 7
E-personalization is the process of tailoring pages to individual users’ characteristics or
performances on a website. Personalization is used to enhance e-commerce sales and
consumer relationship management. Personalization is sometimes referred to as one-to-one
marketing, because a website can be tailored to specifically target each individual consumer
(Schiaffino & Amandi, 2004; Nelson, 2008).
Define 8
personalisation also triggers customer privacy concerns because it inherently requires the
collection of personal customer information (Andrade, Kaltcheva, & Weitz, 2002). While
appreciating personalised services, customers suspect that their private information is being
collected and tracked without their knowledge (Phelps, Novak, & Ferrell, 2000; Sheehan &
Hoy, 2000).

Review 1
We conducted two one-way ANOVAs and a planned contrast analysis to test the effects of
our four conditions of content and design personalization on the purchase intention of users.
We found a significant impact of web personalization features on purchase intention (F (3;
189) = 41.07, p < 0.001; η2 = 0.24). To test our first hypothesis, we ran a one-way ANOVA
and a contrast analysis for all groups with personalization features (experimental groups 1-3)
and the control group. personalization will lead to a decrease in purchase intention, as the
marginal utility of design personalization is lower compared to content personalization. As
attention is drawn away from content personalization, total utility for a user is expected to
decrease when design personalization features are added to the website.
Review 2
The purpose of this study was to investigate consumers’ perceptions and attitudes towards e-
personalization and privacy features in travel websites. It was motivated by the fact that there
is a growing demand for personalized products and service as well as privacy issues in travel
industry, fulfilling this need is becoming a matter of survival and prosperity. Previous
research has consistently demonstrated the usefulness of personalization and privacy
management as marketing tools. intention. The finding of the study indicates that the majority
of the online users today prefer the website to have personalized features as well as privacy
concern features while shopping on the Internet.
Review 3
In summary, results of this study suggest that the presence of personalisation leads to more
positive perceptions about the usefulness of services on a Web site, especially when high
privacy assurance is given. Personalisation appears to have a significant positive relationship
with intentions to adopt services on a Web site, which are mediated by the perceived
usefulness of services.
The results also suggest that high levels of privacy assurance lead to less concerns about
personal privacy, creating significant positive associations with willingness to share personal
information and intentions to adopt services on the Web site. These relationships appear to be
mediated by privacy concerns.
Review 4
These important findings can effectively guide online travel companies toward better
personalization practices. First of all, information personalization with personalized features
is the key area for personalization effort. On the other hands, the privacy features should also
be carefully considered in the same effort. The result of this study shows that consumers give
more value on privacy when compared with personalization.
Identification

Define 1
Identity plays an important role in people’s behaviour’s in that “internalized role
expectations” provide a guideline for interpreting life experiences (Stryker & Burke, 2000, p.
286). An individual may develop one or multiple identities based on the types of roles in
which they find themselves (Stryker & Burke, 2000). Therefore, any roles with which an
individual identifies will then define who they are (e.g. sports fan). Boninger, Krosnick, and
Berent (1995) indicated that identification is an antecedent of attitude importance.
Define 2
According Farquhar (1989), Egypti an used to brand their bricks as brand Identification as
they guarantee quality to customer. Customer adds value to sale of product which ultimately
in financial sense called asset. According to Lisa wood Sheffield University UK (2000) the
term brand equity defined the relationship between customer and branded product.
Define 3
According to (kia 2012 and as cited in aker,1991) The identification and measurement of its
main dimension will be useful, but it should not be forgotten that perceived quality is a
general perception quality is useful for creating competitive advantages

Define 4
Organizations are using branding as a strategic tool in today’s business
environment with increasing regularity. Although brands and branding are not
new ideas, firms are applying them to more diverse settings where the role of
branding is becoming increasingly important (Wentz & Suchard, 1993).
Branding is “the process of developing an intended brand identity” (Kotler &
Lee, 2008, p. 215).

Define 5
The purpose of this study was to test a structural model to determine which psychosocial
constructs affected the purchase intention of athletic team merchandise Based on values
theory, identity theory, attitude theory, and satisfaction theory that influence product
consumption, this study suggests that consumer intentions to purchase athletic team
merchandise are significantly associated with personal values, team identification,
brand/product attitude, product attributes, expectancy, previous purchase, and satisfaction.(
by Donghun Lee, Ball State)
Review 1
The result obtained are consistent with both research hypotheses and show that ,in the
particular content of application chosen, self-identity represents a useful predictor of purchase
intention. Although significant, especially for male subjects, the strength of the direct effect
of this construct on intention is not very strong. the purpose of the research was to verify,
within the framework provided by the theory of planned behaviour (Ajzen 1985, 1991) The
Existence of a significant relationship between self -identity and purchase intention, as well
as to identify the mechanism that exerts such an effect

Review 2
Results from the analyses indicated that the twelve-factor ATM model fit the data from
collegiate athletic events well and explained the various impact factors that lead to purchase
intention of athletic team merchandise among sports consumers. Based on values theory,
identity theory, attitude theory, satisfaction theory, and other concepts that influence product
consumption, this study suggests that consumer intentions to purchase athletic team
merchandise is significantly affected by various factors including personal values, team
identification, brand/product attitude, product attributes, previous purchase, expectancy, and
satisfaction.
Review 3
The main purpose of this study is to study the factors affecting on the purchase intention of
Bono brand tile. In this study, we examine the five factors of brand name, product quality,
price, packaging and advertising as independent variables on customers’ purchase intention.
After examining measurement models and assessing their validity using confirmatory factor
analysis, we can study the relationships between variables.
Review 4
Respondents were asked to indicate their agreement or disagreement to the statement: “The
organisation’s induction process defined what I need to know to be effective”. The results
indicate that 93.1% of the respondents agreed that their organizations used induction
processes to sell the organization to them. Through the induction, they were introduced to the
organizations core values, reward systems, working conditions and other opportunities.
The results indicated further that the induction process helped 93.1% of the respondents to
adjust to their work environment, which gave them a positive image of their organizations.

Brand equity
Define 1
Existing marketing studies have pointed out the importance of developing brand equity in aiding
corporate success, as it can make points of differentiation that lead to competitive advantages based
on nonprice competition (Aaker, 1991).

Define 2
Mobile technology is increasingly attractive because it offers flexible, ubiquitous access to the
internet, thus converting traditional electronic commerce (e-commerce) into mobile commerce (m-
commerce) (Scharl et al., 2005).

Define 3
The mobile phone has recently emerged as a potential new channel for marketing communications,
drawing enormous interest from both marketers and consumers to mobile marketing (Karjaluoto et
al., 2004).

Review 1 brand equity

According to the research results, it was found that all the four brand equity factors had a
direct positive effect on purchase intention, as suggested in the previous studies (e.g. Baek et
al., 2010; Koo, 2006; O’Cass and Lim, 2001; Tsiotsou, 2006; Zeithaml et al., 1996). These
findings also further confirm the arguments of Aaker (1991, 1996) and Keller (1993, 1998),
who stress the importance of successful brand building and management practices in terms of
increasing the added value of the branded products/services and facilitating consumers’
purchasing behaviors.
Review 2
The results of this study indicate that text messaging is an effective instrument for ABP in
creation of brand awareness. ABP management should therefore consider integrating such
promotions as part of their marketing strategy. SMS marketing is found to have a significant
positive impact on brand awareness and perceived quality. Personalized, interactive, and
general messages are effective for building brand awareness, and general and personalized
messages positively influence perceived quality.

Usability

Define 1
according to (Garofalakis, Stefani)
“this study is being carried out to determine the effect of m-commerce design usability on
customers’ trust.”

Define 2
according to (Lin and Wang)
“usability characteristics in terms of navigability, readability, creditability, and content relevant.
However, supportability of mobile app had no effect on customers trust.”

Define 3
The impacts of website design on customers’ purchase within the e-commerce scope could not be
fully understood without doing website usability evaluation (DeLone and McLean, 2003)
Define 4
According to ISO 1998, usability refers to the extent to which a product could be used by specific
users to reach specific purposes with effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in specific usage
context.

Define 5
m-commerce usability is one of the biggest challenging issues in adopting m-commerce has
been deflated in the last few years therefore some doubts and concems arose about in future
(Ghinea and Angelides,2004)
Define 6
According to Jakimoski “The usability numerous studies have been conducted to determine
the effect of e-commerce usability on customers’ impressions of organizations there is a
limited study in examining the usability of mobile apps for performing commerce related
activities.”

Review usability
the readability perspective, all the participants perceived the wording to be clear
and easy to understand the effect of m-commerce mobile app usability elements
in terms
of navigability, supportability, readability, credibility, and content relevant on
their trust to sell and buy products
review 2
The result of this study shows that according to identify the impact and
relationship between usability factors on purchase intention in Company A.
According to the model studied, usability factors that directly give positive
impact on purchase intention are readability, telepresence, and credibility.
Usability factors that indirectly give positive influence are simplicity,
consistency, and interactivity.

Review 3
The results of this research show the importance for retail companies to be
aware of the distinct features of the mobile phones, when developing
applications or sites for commercial purposes.
The importance of including usability thinking in the development of
applications for m-commerce cannot be overlooked. According to consumers, it
has been found that some usability factors are of greater importance than others.
By ignoring these factors and not include them in the application development,
it is highly likely that customers who intend to trade through the application will
cancel the purchase intension. The Consequently, usability factors are not
considered.

Review 4
Mobile commerce is one of the fastest and emerging fields of research. The
importance of mobile commerce is an open reality, however a few studies are
founded on “usability of mobile commerce”. Therefore, this field of research
required immediate attention of passionate and enthusiastic researchers. Since,
the mobile devices and technology itself changing very quickly, as a result, it
open doors for the constant need for the improvement of mobile usability and
mobile interface design principles.

Review
the result of this study shows that Company A users significantly feel that readability,
telepresence and credibility could affect users’ purchase intention in online e-commerce sites.
However, supportability, interactivity, navigability, learnability, and content relevance factors
of Company A have not significantly affect purchase intention.
 Review 2
Research has attempted to review brand and customer relation in order to use brand equity to get
benefit. Ultimately the goal of different branding technique is to increase customer awareness which
can be substantial pay offs for companies. The company’s main focus should be on customer
requirement and quality, In the case of Indian customer they perceive brand with quality and value of
money so business should focus on quality.
Review 3

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