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Lab Manual - 1-5 - 2019-20
Lab Manual - 1-5 - 2019-20
Mission
Rev. 2/ 2019
Program Outcomes of Mechanical Engineering
Course Outcomes
2171912 : Oil Hydraulics and Pneumatics
CO1: Identify and analyse the functional requirements of a power transmission system for a given
application. (Application involving fluid power transmission).
CO2: Design an appropriate hydraulic or pneumatic circuit or combination circuit like electro-
hydraulics, electro-pneumatics for a given application. Develop a circuit diagram.
CO3: Visualize how the hydraulic/pneumatic circuit will work to accomplish the function.
CO4: Selection and sizing of components of the circuit.
Course Content beyond the Syllabus: Hydraulic circuits with industry application
Complex Problem in Laboratory Session: Designing and assembly of hydraulic and pneumatic circuits
Rev. 2/ 2019
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
2171912 : Oil Hydraulics and Pneumatics
B.E. 7th Semester, A. Y. : 2019-20
List of Experiments
Evaluation of Journal:
(11 expt. + 2 Assign.) x 10 marks = 130 reduced to 20 marks
NOTE :
1. Journal is to be prepared by each student regularly and brought ready in the next
turn.
2. Students should write down the specimen calculations and conclusion.
3. No extra turn will be given for any experiment missed for whatsoever reason.
However, students are supposed to complete their journals even if they were
absent in any turn.
Experiment No.: 1
1. Application (use) of hydraulic and pneumatic circuits eg. Excavator (JCB), Bull
dozer, hydraulic jack, pneumatic drill, pneumatic tools, packaging machine.
2. Difference between pressure and stress.
3. Forward-reverse hydraulic circuit with double acting cylinder.
4. Actuators- Linear & Rotary. Details of Single acting and double acting cylinder.
5. Relation between discharge and velocity in forward and return stroke in double
acting cylinder.
6. Pressure in cylinder during forward and return stroke for same load.
7. Pump - positive displacement pump (reciprocating) and roto-dynamic pump and
their characteristics.
8. Show hydraulic and pneumatic test bench.
9. Importance of symbols and their need.
10. Principle of operation of Vane pump and Gear pump
Exercise:
Relevance:
A hydraulic drive system is a transmission system that uses pressurized hydraulic fluid to
power hydraulic machinery. Fluid power is the technology that deals with the generation,
control and transmission of forces and movement of mechanical element or system with
the use of pressurized fluids in a confined system.
Theory:
The power transmitted in any hydraulic circuit is based on Pascal’s law. Any mechanical
system working with hydraulic power consists of a hydraulic circuit. Some of the basic
components of the hydraulic circuits are:
Exercise:
1. Explain the function of check valve and pilot operated check valve with the help of neat
sketch.
2. What is the function of Direction Control valve? Explain the working of spool type 4/3
DCV with the help of neat sketch.
3. What are the methods used for actuating a DCV?
4. What is the function of pressure relief valve in a hydraulic system?
5. Explain the working of pressure relief valve and pilot operated pressure relief valve with
the help of neat sketch.
6. Name the hydraulic components observed in laboratory and draw the symbols.
Date:
Experiment No. 3:
Relevance: A family of graphic symbols has been developed to represent fluid power
components and systems on schematic drawings. The International Standards
Organization (ISO) is responsible for symbol information used internationally. The
organization controls the make-up of symbols and makes changes or additions as
required.
Standard symbols allow fluid power schematic diagrams to be read and understood by
persons in many different countries, even when they don't speak the same language. The
symbols have been developed to represent most of the available fluid power components.
Observe and study all the hydraulic components available in the laboratory and
understand basic function of each component.
Exercise:
Draw symbols for the following hydraulic components according to DIN-ISO 1219 (refer to
pdf uploaded on GIS, Do Not attach photocopy of symbols):
1. Pumps
2. Motors
3. Pump/Motor
4. Cylinders
5. Direction control valves
6. Types of actuation of control valves
7. Pressure control valves
8. Flow control valves
9. Check valves
10. Accumulators
11. Energy transmission and accessories
Date:
Relevance: A family of graphic symbols has been developed to represent fluid power
components and systems on schematic drawings. The International Standards
Organization (ISO) is responsible for symbol information used internationally. Standard
symbols allow fluid power schematic diagrams to be read and understood by persons in
many different countries, even when they don't speak the same language. The symbols
have been developed to represent most of the available fluid power components.
Theory:
A pneumatic system is a system that uses compressed air to transmit and control energy.
Pneumatic systems are used extensively in various industries. Most pneumatic systems
rely on a constant supply of compressed air to make them work. Basic components of the
pneumatic system are:
1. Compressor
2. Receiver
3. Pressure switch
4. Filter
5. Pressure regulator
6. Actuators / Cylinders
7. Direction control valves
8. Push Button
Observe and study all the above mentioned components available in the laboratory and
understand basic function of each component.
Exercise:
1. Draw symbols for Compressor, FRL, Cylinders, Direction control valves, Actuation
methods of control valves, Pressure control valves, Flow control valves, Check valves,
Energy transmission and accessories pneumatic components according to DIN-ISO
1219 (refer to pdf uploaded on GIS, Do Not attach photocopy of symbols).
2. Show the major components in a typical pneumatic system with a labelled block
diagram.
3. What is the function of pressure switch and explain its working with neat sketch.
4. Draw a neat sketch of air filter and explain the working of the same.
5. List relative merits and de-merits of pneumatic system over hydraulic system.
6. Prepare a list of pneumatic components observed in laboratory and draw their symbols.
Date:
Theory:
All hydraulic system use positive displacement pumps for pumping oil into the actuators.
Unlike roto-dynamic pump Pressure and discharge are not related to one another in a
positive displacement pump. Pressure in a hydraulic system is generated only when it is
acted upon by load / force, while the velocity of the actuator is dependent on the discharge
from the pump. The experiment is designed to observe the effect of varying load on the
velocity of the piston.
Apparatus:
1. Hydraulic pump
2. 4/3 direction control valve, Lever operated
3. Adjustable throttle valve
4. Pressure relief valve
5. Double acting cylinder
6. Flow meter
7. Pressure gauge
Procedure:
Draw the circuit diagram for raising and lowering of load attached to hydraulic cylinder.
Connect 4/3 DCV on the board. Connect P & T port to the ‘Pressure port’ and ‘Return line
port’ of the power pack. Connect the pressure gauge and flow meter components on the
raising line (piston rod end). Increase the weight in increments of 2 kg up to 8 kg. Measure
time required for raising and lowering for various loads.
Observations:
Pan mass: 0.5 kg
Stroke length : ………mm
Piston diameter: ………. mm
Piston rod diameter: ………. mm
Conclusion: