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    Lesson Guide - Farming PDF

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    Josh McMillan
    Early humans developed agriculture after the Ice Age, learning to domesticate animals like sheep and goats for food and clothing by 9000 BC. By 8000 BC, humans were practicing agriculture, planting seeds and using tools like hoes and sickles. As farming techniques improved, villages developed in river valleys with fertile soil where people could produce surplus crops. Farming independently emerged in places like river valleys in Africa and Asia as well as upland areas of the Americas, where early farmers grew crops like corn, beans, potatoes and squash.

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    Lesson Guide - Farming PDF

    Uploaded by

    Josh McMillan
    36 views3 pages
    Early humans developed agriculture after the Ice Age, learning to domesticate animals like sheep and goats for food and clothing by 9000 BC. By 8000 BC, humans were practicing agriculture, planting seeds and using tools like hoes and sickles. As farming techniques improved, villages developed in river valleys with fertile soil where people could produce surplus crops. Farming independently emerged in places like river valleys in Africa and Asia as well as upland areas of the Americas, where early farmers grew crops like corn, beans, potatoes and squash.

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    Early humans developed agriculture after the Ice Age, learning to domesticate animals like sheep and goats for food and clothing by 9000 BC. By 8000 BC, humans were practicing agriculture, planting seeds and using tools like hoes and sickles. As farming techniques improved, villages developed in river valleys with fertile soil where people could produce surplus crops. Farming independently emerged in places like river valleys in Africa and Asia as well as upland areas of the Americas, where early farmers grew crops like corn, beans, potatoes and squash.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    36 views3 pages

    Lesson Guide - Farming PDF

    Uploaded by

    Josh McMillan
    Early humans developed agriculture after the Ice Age, learning to domesticate animals like sheep and goats for food and clothing by 9000 BC. By 8000 BC, humans were practicing agriculture, planting seeds and using tools like hoes and sickles. As farming techniques improved, villages developed in river valleys with fertile soil where people could produce surplus crops. Farming independently emerged in places like river valleys in Africa and Asia as well as upland areas of the Americas, where early farmers grew crops like corn, beans, potatoes and squash.

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    Lesson 2 Learning to Farm and Raise

    Animals
    MAIN IDEAS
    Science and Technology New technologies supported an agricultural
    revolution.
    Culture Agriculture made a big change in how people lived.
    Geography Farming developed independently in many areas of the world.

    The Beginnings of Agriculture


    ESSENTIAL QUESTION What new farming tools and methods did early
    farmers invent?

    Climate Changes
    • Global warming caused Ice Age glaciers to retreat
    - early humans moved into new areas, had longer growing seasons
    • Wild grasses were domesticated—humans learned to grow, tend them
    - provided humans, animals with more grain to eat

    The Domestication of Animals


    • Sheep, goats were domesticated for food, clothing around 9000 B.C.
    - provided reliable food and milk source, skins, tools from bones

    The Agricultural Revolution


    • By 8000 B.C., humans practiced agriculture—planting seeds for crops
    • Agricultural revolution—the shift from food gathering to food raising
    - new tools included hoes, digging sticks, harvesting sickles
    • Slash-and-burn agriculture
    - cut and burn trees, brush to clear land for crops
    - when soil became poor after a few seasons, people moved

    REVIEW QUESTION
    What was the impact of new tools on early humans?

    Chapter 2: The Earliest Human Societies World History: Ancient Civilizations 1


    Settlements Begin
    ESSENTIAL QUESTION Why did villages develop?

    Farming Villages Develop


    • River valleys had fertile soil that brought bigger, better crops
    • Good soil attracted farmers who settled in villages, worked in fields
    - villages grew to hold several thousand people
    - people lived in shelters made of mud, logs, bricks, hides
    • Food was more plentiful in villages, people were safer from attacks
    - villages also brought risks of fire, disease, flood

    REVIEW QUESTION
    How did farming change the way people lived?

    Chapter 2: The Earliest Human Societies World History: Ancient Civilizations 2


    Farming Develops in Many Places
    ESSENTIAL QUESTION Where did farming develop?

    River Valleys in Africa and Asia


    • Farming developed c. 8000 B.C. in river valleys (Huang He, Nile)
    • Nile farmers were among first to use irrigation—watering of crops
    - built irrigation systems of dikes, canals

    Uplands in the Americas


    • Farming in Americas developed later than in rest of world
    - mainly in upland regions (plateaus, high-elevation flat areas)
    • Land terracing created flat areas for corn, beans, potatoes, squash

    REVIEW QUESTION
    What crops did early farmers raise in the Americas?

    Lesson Summary
    • After the Ice Age, humans learned to domesticate animals and plant crops.
    • As people learned to be better farmers, farming villages developed.
    • Farming developed independently in many parts of the world.

    Why It Matters Now...


    The development of farming led to a great increase in human population. Today
    most people depend on agriculture for their food. In some parts of the world,
    such as Africa and India, most people are still farmers who live in villages.

    Chapter 2: The Earliest Human Societies World History: Ancient Civilizations 3

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