Science, Technology and Society PPT1

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and NATION BUILDING

Asia 2050: Realizing the Asian Century

• Asia will nearly double its share of global GDP to over 50%.
• Asia’s per capita income will rise six-fold from 2010 to 2050 and will exceed the global
average
• 7 economies will lead Asia’s march to prosperity (South Korea, Japan, China, India,
Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand)
• The Philippines will be overtaken by India and Viet Nam; will be in the company of
Mongolia and Cambodia.
AmBisyon Natin 2040
 Malacañang has issued Executive Order (EO) No. 5 providing for the adoption of
“AmBisyon Natin 2040”, a 25-year, long-term vision for development planning.
 The EO was signed Tuesday, October 11, 2016, by the authority of President
Rodrigo Duterte.
 Represents the collective long-term vision and aspirations of the Filipino people
for themselves and for the country for the next 25 years.
 It also envisions Filipinos with “long and healthy lives”, being smart and
innovative, and living in a “high-trust society”.
 It describes the kind of life that people want to live, as well as how the country
will look like by 2040. As such, it will serve as an anchor for development
planning across at least four administrations.
 The vision that will be the guide and anchor of the country’s plans for the future.

The Long-term Vision (LTV) process

1. Advisory Committee
• composed of representatives from the government, private sector, the
academe, and civil society guided the overall implementation of the visioning
exercise
2. Public consultations
• 42 FGDs with marginalized groups (C. David)
• National Survey 15-50 years old (n=10,000; PSRC) 2. Technical studies
• Thematic study team organized (led by Dr. R. Clarete)
3. Communication & advocacy
• Online social media engagement
• Public forums
An overwhelming majority
of Filipinos aspire for a simple
and comfortable life…
From vision to action
• Requires strong ownership and buy-in by stakeholders and the country’s leaders over the next
25 years
• Each plan must build on previous plan, not change it unnecessarily
• Needs and preferences may change over time
• Unexpected developments may arise (e.g. climate, science & technology)

Rationale and Legal Basis

Executive Order No. 5 (s. 2016): “Approving and Adopting the 25-Year Long Term Vision
Entitled Ambisyon Natin 2040 as a Guide For Development Planning”
Section2. Overall Long-term Goals
The Philippine Government hereby aims to triple per capita incomes and
eradicate hunger and poverty by 2040, if not sooner. An appropriate set of milestones
shall be identified to guide the successive medium-term development plans.
Section 3. Medium-Term Philippine Development Plans
The four (4) medium-term Philippine Development Plans, hereafter to be
referred to as Philippine Development Plans (PDPs), to be crafted and implemented until
2040 shall be anchored on the Ambisyon Natin 2040 and overall goals. The PDPs shall
ensure sustainability and consistency of strategies, policies, programs and projects
across political administrations.
Section4. Consistent Government Plans
All Plans of government departments, offices and instrumentalities, including
government-owned or controlled corporations and local government units, shall be
consistent with Ambisyon Natin 2040
Memorandum Circular No. 12, s. 2016: “Directing the Formulation of the Philippine
Development Plan and the Public Investment Program for the Period 2017-2022”
To formally commence the formulation of the PDP, the President issued
Memorandum Circular No. 12 on 24 October 2016 directing the NEDA Secretariat to
coordinate the formulation of the country’s national and regional development plans
and the accompanying investment programs, and monitor their implementation .
PPT2
 From the beginning of time, man has strived to improve his way and quality of life. The
caveman discovered how to make and use tools, developed a logical sequence for
activities, and evolved processes that added value to his life.
 To many countries, development is simply becoming in the future what industrialized
countries are today

Development is…
 The acceleration of economic growth
 The reduction of inequality
 The eradication of absolute poverty
However, development is not purely an economic phenomenon. In an ultimate sense,
development must encompass more than the material and financial side of people’s lives.

Development…
 Involves the reorganization and reorientation of entire economic and social systems.
 Involves major changes in administrative, institutional, and social structures.
 Involves major changes in popular attitudes, customs and beliefs.
What is the role of Science and technology in development?

 Science and technology are considered by many to be forces for improvement in the
welfare of developing states.
 On the other hand, science and technology are also feared by many to be potential
contributors to the dehumanization of man and to the degradation of environment.
 Recognizing these two seemingly opposing influences of science and technology in
development, we need to be objective in our perspective, that is, to view science and
technology in development.
 The Role of Science and Technology in development should be directed toward
reduction of inequalities between advanced and the developing countries and between
various sections of population within a country.
  In doing so, science and technology should make the natural and social environment
harmonious without seriously endangering the future.
 The importance of science and technology in national development cannot be over
emphasized. It is known fact that no nation can develop without science and
technology.
 A nation without science and technology is definitely a backward nation Such nation will
be considered undeveloped. Science and technology is associated with modernity and it
is an essential tool for rapid development.
PPT3

 It is the 1st medium-term development plan anchored on a long-term vision.

ENSURE CONTINUITY AND CONSISTENCY OF
PROGRAMS, POLICIES, PROJECTS, INITIATIVES
The PDP 2017-2022 FALLS UNDER 3 MAJOR PILLARS
1. Malasakit
a. Enhancing the social fabric
2. Pagbabago
a. Inequality-reducing transformation
3. Patuloy nap ag-unlad
a. Increasing growth potential

Vigorously Advancing Science, Technology and Innovation

Science, Technology and Innovation
 Key driver of the long-term growth of an economy.
 Technology adoption allows the country’s firms and people to benefit from
innovations created in other countries, and allows it to keep up and even leap
frog obsolete technologies
 By 2022, the efficiency and productivity of the agriculture, industry, and services sectors
will be improved.
 New public goods and services will be created and improved.
 MAXIMIZING AND ADOPTING SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION (STI).
 ASSESSMENT AND CHALLENGES

•Weak STI Culture

 Lack of public awareness and interest in
STI.
 Many sectors do not recognize,
appreciate, and understand the use of
technology and science based information
in their daily activities.
 Technologies are not widely used among
micro, small, and medium enterprises
(MSMEs) and sectors like agriculture and
fisheries.
 Inadequate local government unit support

•Low Government Spending on STI

 Support for human resources development in science and technology (S&T) indicates
low government spending.
 The bulk of R&D spending (60%) was used for agricultural and industrial production
and technology, protection and improvement of human health, control and care of the
environment.
 The bulk of R&D spending (60%) was used for agricultural and industrial production
and technology, protection and improvement of human health, control and care of the
environment.

• Inadequate S&T Human Resources Engaged in STI R&D

 As of 2013, the country has a total of 36,517 R&D personnel, of which 26,495 are key
researchers (scientific, technological, and engineering personnel), and the rest are
technicians and support personnel.
 This means that there are only 270 researchers for every 1 million Filipinos.
 This falls short of the UNESCO norm of 380 per million population

• Difficulty in Increasing Employment Opportunities and Retaining S&T Human

Capital.
 The supply of STEM graduates exceeds local demand.
 There is an out-migration and underemployment of many skilled, locally-trained
scientists and engineers.
 Brain drain
• Absence of a Vibrant Intellectual Property Culture
 The output of R&D is commonly measured in terms of patents applied and granted to
Filipino residents.
 Reports show that many universities do not have the expertise to market their patent
portfolios for commercial use.
 Technology generators face persisting issues in technology ownership.
 These result in a weak technology transfer system in the country.

• Absence of a Vibrant Intellectual Property Culture

 The output of R&D is commonly measured in terms of patents applied and granted to
Filipino residents.
 Reports show that many universities do not have the expertise to market their patent
portfolios for commercial use.
 Technology generators face persisting issues in technology ownership.
 These result in a weak technology transfer system in the country.

• Weak Linkages Among Players in the STI Ecosystem

 Innovation actors have weak cooperation, partnerships, and trust among them.
 Most HEIs perceive collaboration with companies as outside their core missions and as
potential exploitation of their products or ideas

• Inadequate STI Infrastructure

 The country does not have enough STI infrastructure such as laboratory facilities,
testing facilities, and R&D centers.
 Those that exist need upgrading.
 The Philippines’ leading research institutions also remain concentrated in Luzon