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Articulo
Articulo
Articulo – ingles
Currently the diseases that attract the most public attention are infectious diseases such as
HIV / AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria or dengue; however, according to the report of the
World Health Organization (WHO), Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (CNCD) are the
main cause of death worldwide, causing around 36 of the 57 million deaths from
cardiovascular disease, cancer, illness chronic lung and diabetes (1). And the warning
issued by the WHO is that more than 80% of deaths from CNCD occur in middle-income
countries (such as Peru) and low-income countries; In Latin America and the Caribbean
alone, there are more than 200 million subjects diagnosed with ENCT (2) and if there are
no actions to control or prevent these chronic diseases,
Ruiz Mori 2 C
mother can continue to be educated on how to raise her child in a healthy way, with
appropriate lifestyles; Frank Lizaraso Caparó 1, a, b Enrique
The development of medicine has gone through several stages, from palliative medicine
that sought to mitigate pain to curative medicine; practically the western doctor is trained to
cure diseases, forgetting the principle that medicine "is the art and science of preventing
and curing diseases." Modern and sophisticated technology seeks to diagnose ailments
early and complement the latest pharmacological advances to treat the conditions of our
patients is the common task of today's doctor. Prevention was not part of the health
professional's lexicon for many years.
However, CNCDs, the leading cause of death worldwide, generate a high cost in treatment,
cover the costs of treatment of a cancer patient are many times, if not in most cases,
impossible to achieve. The management of ischemic coronary disease and its complications
have had a rapid technological and pharmacological advance in recent years, achieving
significant reductions in mortality; However, the greatest scientific evidence shows that the
reduction in mortality in the United States or Europe in the period 1980-2000 is a
consequence of controlling coronary risk factors by 45%, which strengthens and supports
that preventive behavior in the management of this disease it is a necessity in countries like
ours with limited economic resources in health (5).
Since 1998, the WHO defines prevention as “Measures aimed not only at preventing the
appearance of disease such as for reduction of risk factors, but also at stopping its
progression and mitigating its consequences once established", constituting three levels of
prevention, the primary one that includes "measures aimed at avoiding the appearance of a
disease by controlling causal factors and predisposing or conditioning factors"; the
secondary one that includes the early diagnosis, the opportune uptake and the adequate
treatment; and the tertiary that are the actions related to the recovery “ad integrum” of the
clinically manifest disease, through a correct diagnosis and treatment and physical,
psychological and social rehabilitation (6).
In the different cities of the country, prevention can be carried out more effectively thanks
to the fact that there are different ways of
This forces a new approach in the medical study plan, seeking to permanently apply a
comprehensive approach to preventive medicine from the first training cycles, where health
is promoted and protected, seeking to create a new perspective in which the objective The
doctor's main duty should be to prevent the population from becoming ill. Introduce the
medical student in the perception and analysis of a continuous state of health in the
community, promote that the student look for preventive strategies with a critical and
reflective attitude. In this way, a new approach would be given from undergraduate to the
medicine of the future, where the main thing will be that the population does not get sick.
RAE:
A lo largo del tiempo se ha demostrado las falencias que tiene el sistema de salud, ya que
mueren más personas por enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT) que por
enfermedades infecciosas según lo dice la OMS. Sus caros tratamientos hacen
prácticamente imposible una recuperación, pero lo grave de esto es que estas enfermedades
han estado por años por con nosotros y nadie muestra una solución posible a estos
problemas ¿por qué? ¿Falta de educación o interés público?...
one. Global Report on Noncommunicable Diseases 2010 Guidance Summary. Geneva 2011
2. Pan American Health Organization-WHO Regional Health Oce, Strategy for the Prevention and
Control of Noncommunicable Diseases (Washington, DC: PAHO, 2012).
3. Population reference bureau. noncommunicable diseases and youth: A critical opportunity for
Latin America and the Caribbean. June 2013.
6. Julio V, Vacarezza M, Alvarez C, Sosa A. Levels of care, prevention and primary health care. Arch
Med Interna 2011; XXXIII (1): 11-14