Design of Beam

Evacuation (2nd Floor and 3rd Floor)

From STAAD

Critical Beam

Longitudinal: D to E along gridline 7

Transverse: 2 to 3 along gridline J

Longitudinal: D to E along gridline 7

From STAAD

Moment At End 1 At Midspan At End 2

From STAAD 392.03 kN-m -253.316 kN-m 0 kN-m

At End 1

1. Determine if the section M u 392.03

M n= = =435.58889 kN−m
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

 A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
[
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1− × 'y
1.7 f c ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 KN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659 KN >435.58889

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

2. Calculate the number of Mu 392.03
Rn = 2
=
∅ b d 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 1
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 ( 6.428 )
0.85 ( 28 )
=0.0182]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.0182

A s=ρbd=( 0.0182 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

 A s=2809.255029 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 2809.255029
N= = =8.942 say 9 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement :5 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−5 (20)

S= =37.5 mm>25 mm
4

OK

At Midspan

3. Determine if the section M u 253.316

M n= = =281.46222 kN −m
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
[
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m
 M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 KN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 281.46222

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

4. Calculate the number of Mu 253.316
Rn = 2
=
∅ b d 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at midspan
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 ( 4.154 )
0.85 ( 28 ) ]
=0.01095

1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.01095

A s=ρbd=( 0.01095 ) ( 350 ) ( 440 )

A s=1685.916146 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 1685.916146
N= = =5.366 say 6 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 2bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−6(20)

S= = 26 mm > 25 mm
5
 OK

At End 2

5. Determine if the Mu 0
M n= = =0 KN −m
∅ 0.9
section is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy (
600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
[ 1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 KN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659< 0

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

6. Calculate the number of Mu 0

Rn = 2
=
∅bd 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 2
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
 ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 (0)
0.85 ( 28 )
=0 ]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.00333

A s=ρbd=( 0.00333 ) ( 350 ) ( 440 )

A s=513.333333 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 513.333333
N= = =1.634 say 2 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 2bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−2(20)

S= =210 mm>25 mm
1

OK

350MM X 500MM BEAM

At End 1 At Midpsan At End 2

Compression Bars 2-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅
Tension Bars 9- 20mm ∅ 6- 20mm ∅ 2- 20mm ∅
Design of Vertical Stirrups

Vu

1. Calculate the shear

= 238.3 kNV c =0.17 λ √ f ' C bd

strength provided by V c =0.17 ( 1 ) ( √ 28 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

concrete: V c =135.815234 kN

∅ V c =0.75 ( 135.815234 )

∅ V c =101.8614255 kN

V u > ∅ V c , stirrups arenecessary .

2. Calculate the shear

V u 238.3
V n= = =317.7333333 kN
strength, Vs to be provided ∅ 0.75

by the stirrup: V s =V n−V c =317.7333−135.8152

V s =181.9180993 kN

0.66 √ f 'C bd=0.66 ( √28 ) ( 350 ) ( 440 )

¿ 537.8283265 kN
 V s < 0.66 √ f ' C bd , proceed ¿ calculation

of spacingof stirrups

3. Spacing of stirrups A v f yt d
s=
Vs

where Av =2 ( Π4 )(∅ of stirrups) 2

A v =2 ( Π4 )(10) =157.08 mm
2 2

A v f y d 157.08 ( 420 ) ( 440 )

s= =
Vs 181.9180993

s=159.5684218mm say s=150 mm

s>25 mm+ d t ,therefore spacing isOK .

0.33 √ f ' C bd=0.33 ( √ 28 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

4. Maximum spacing of
¿ 268.9141633 kN
stirrups
d
V s < 0.33 √ f 'C bd, use s max= ∨600 mm
2

d 440
smax = = =220 mm∨600 mm
2 2

Therefore, use s= 150 mm

Transverse: 2 to 3 along gridline J

From STAAD
 Moment At End 1 At Midspan At End 2
From STAAD 346.09 kN-m -212.944 kN-m 405.22 kN-m

At End 1

1. Determine if the section M u 346.09

M n= = =384.54444 KN −m
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy (
600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
[ 1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 KN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 384.54444

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

2. Calculate the number of Mu 346.09

Rn = 2
=
∅bd 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 1
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy
1− 1−
[ √
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
 ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 ( 5.675 )
0.85 ( 28 )
=0.0157 ]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.0157

A s=ρbd=( 0.0157 )( 350 ) ( 440 )

A s=2415.040514 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 2415.040514
N= = =7.687 say 8 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 4 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−4 (20)

S= =56.7mm>25mm
3

OK
At Midspan

3. Determine if the section M u 212.944

M n= = =236.60444 KN −m
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420
 A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
[
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1− × 'y
1.7 f c ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 KN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 236.60444

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

4. Calculate the number of Mu 212.944
Rn = 2
=
∅ b d 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at midspan
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 ( 3.492 )
0.85 ( 28 ) ]
=0.00903

1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.00903

 A s=ρbd=( 0.00903 ) ( 350 ) (440)

A s=1391.222863 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 1391.222863
N= = =4.428 say 5 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement :5 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−5 (20)

S= =37.5 mm>25 mm
4

OK

At End 2

5. Determine if the M u 405.220

M n= = =450.24444 KN −m
∅ 0.9
section is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
[ 1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m
 M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 KN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 450.24444

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

6. Calculate the number of Mu 405.22
Rn = 2
=
∅ b d 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 2
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 ( 6.645 )
0.85 ( 28 )
=0.019]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.019

A s=ρbd=( 0.019 ) ( 350 ) (440)

A s=2927.388721 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 2927.388721
N= = =9.318 say 10 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement :5 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−5 (20)

S= =37.5 mm>25 mm
4
 OK

350MM X 500MM BEAM

At End 1 At Midpsan At End 2

Compression Bars 2-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅ 7-20mm ∅
Tension Bars 2- 20mm ∅ 7- 20mm ∅ 18- 20mm ∅

Design of Vertical Stirrups

V u= 304.36 kN

1. Calculate the shear V c =0.17 λ √ f ' C bd

strength provided by V c =0.17 ( 1 ) ( √ 28 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

concrete: V c =135.815234 kN

∅ V c =0.75 ( 135.815234 )

∅ V c =101.8614255 kN

V u > ∅ V c , stirrups arenecessary .

2. Calculate the shear V u 304.36
V n= = =405.8133333 kN
∅ 0.75
strength, Vs to be provided
V s =V n−V c =405.8133−135.8152
by the stirrup:
V s =269.9980993 kN

0.66 √ f 'C bd=0.66 ( √28 ) ( 350 ) ( 440 )

¿ 537.8283265 kN

V s < 0.66 √ f ' C bd , proceed ¿ calculation

of spacingof stirrups

3. Spacing of stirrups A v f yt d
s=
Vs

where Av =2 ( Π4 )(∅ of stirrups) 2

A v =2 ( Π4 )(10) =157.08 mm
2 2

A v f y d 157.08 ( 420 ) ( 440 )

s= =
Vs 269.9980993

s=107.5132902mm say s=100 mm

s>25 mm+ d t ,therefore spacing isOK .

0.33 √ f ' C bd=0.33 ( √ 28 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

4. Maximum spacing of
¿ 268.9141633 kN
stirrups
d
V s > 0.33 √ f 'C bd , use s max= ∨300 mm
4
 d 440
smax = = =110 mm∨300 mm
4 4

Therefore, use s= 100 mm

Design of Beam

Evacuation Center (Roof Beam)

From STAAD
 Critical Beam

Longitudinal: G to H along gridline 6

Transverse: 5 to 6 along gridline G

Longitudinal: G to H along gridline 6

From STAAD

Moment At End 1 At Midspan At End 2

From STAAD -42.20 kN-m -21.02 kN-m 0 kN-m

At End 1

1. Determine if the section M u 42.2

M n= = =46.888889 KN −m
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

 A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
[ × 'y
1.7 f c ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 KN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 46.888889

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

2. Calculate the number of Mu 42.2

Rn = 2
=
∅bd 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 1
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420
1− 1− [ √
2 ( 0.692 )
0.85 ( 28 )
=0.00167 ]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.00333

 A s=ρbd=( 0.00333 ) ( 350 ) ( 440 )

A s=513.3333333 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 513.3333333
N= = =1.634 say 2 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 2bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−2(20)

S= =210mm > 25 mm
1

OK
At Midspan

3. Determine if the section M u 21.102

M n= = =23.446667 KN −m
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
[ 1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m
 M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 KN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 23.446667

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

4. Calculate the number of Mu 21.102
Rn = 2
=
∅ b d 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at midspan
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 ( 0.346 )
0.85 ( 28 ) ]
=0.00083

1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.00333

A s=ρbd=( 0.00333 ) ( 350 ) (440)

A s=513.33333 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 513.33333
N= = =1.634 say 2 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 2bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−2(20)

S= =210 mm>25 mm
1
 OK

At End 2

5. Determine if the Mu 0
M n= = =0
∅ 0.9
section is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy (
600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
[ 1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 KN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 0

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

6. Calculate the number of Mu 0

Rn = 2
=
∅bd 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 2
 0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 (0)
0.85 ( 28 )
=0 ]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.00333

A s=ρbd=( 0.00333 ) ( 350 ) (440)

A s=513.33333 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 513.33333
N= = =1.634 say 2 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 2bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−2(20)

S= =210 mm>25 mm
1

OK

350MM X 500 MM BEAM

At End 1 At Midpsan At End 2

Compression Bars 2-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅
Tension Bars 2- 20mm ∅ 2- 20mm ∅ 2- 20mm ∅
Design of Vertical Stirrups

V u= 10.55 kN

1. Calculate the shear V c =0.17 λ √ f ' C bd

strength provided by V c =0.17 ( 1 ) ( √ 28 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

concrete: V c =135.815234 kN

∅ V c =0.75 ( 135.815234 )

∅ V c =101.8614255 kN

1
∅ V c= 50.930713 kN
2

1
V u < ∅ V c , but V u < ∅ V c ,
2

stirrups are not necessary .

 2. Maximum spacing of d 440
smax = = =220 mm∨600 mm
2 2
stirrups
USE s=220 mm

Transverse: 5 to 6 along gridline G

From STAAD

Moment At End 1 At Midspan At End 2

From STAAD 204.24 kN-m 102.119 kN-m 0 kN-m

At End 1

1. Determine if the section

is singly or doubly M u 204.24
M n= = =226.93333 kN−m
∅ 0.9
reinforced
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
ρmax =
fy (
600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
[ 1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 kN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 226.93333

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

2. Calculate the number of Mu 204.24

Rn = 2
=
∅bd 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 1
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy
1− 1−
[ √
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420
1− 1− [ √
2 ( 3.349 )
0.85 ( 28 )
=0.00863 ]
 1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.00863

A s=ρbd=( 0.00863 ) ( 350 ) ( 440 )

A s=1329.226669 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 1329.226669
N= = =4.231 say 5 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement :5 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−5 (20)

S= =37.5 mm>25 mm
4

OK

At Midspan

3. Determine if the section M u 102.119

M n= = =113.46556 KN −m
∅ 0.9
is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

 A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
[
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1− × 'y
1.7 f c ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28

M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 KN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 113.46556

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

4. Calculate the number of Mu 102.119
Rn = 2
=
∅ b d 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at midspan
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420 [ √
1− 1−
2 ( 1.675 )
0.85 ( 28 )
=0.00414]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.0004
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,use ρ=0.00414

A s=ρbd=( 0.00414 )( 350 ) ( 440)

 A s=637.2587926 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 637.2587926
N= = =2.028 say 3 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement :3 bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−3 (20)

S= =95 mm>25 mm
2

OK

At End 2

5. Determine if the Mu 0
M n= = =0
∅ 0.9
section is singly or doubly
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) β 1 f 'c 600
reinforced ρmax =
fy ( 600+f y )
( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 )( 28 ) 600
ρmax = x =0.02125
420 600+420

A s=ρmax bd =0.02125 (350 )( 440 )

A s = 3272.5 mm2

1 ρf
M u=ρ f y ∅ b d 2 1−
[ 1.7
× 'y
fc ]
= (0.02125)(420)(.9)(350)(440)2(1-

1 ( 0.0213)(420)
x ¿
1.7 28
 M u= 442.2293 kN-m

M u 442.2293
M n= = =491.3659 KN −m
∅ 0.9

491.3659> 0

therefore ,i t ' s singly reinforced

6. Calculate the number of Mu 0

Rn = 2
=
∅bd 0.9 ( 350 ) ¿ ¿
bars at end 2
0.85 f 'c
ρ=
fy [ √
1− 1−
2 Rn
0.85 f 'c ]
ρ=
0.85 (28)
420
1− 1− [ √
2 (0)
0.85 ( 28 )
=0 ]
1.4 1.4
ρmin= = =0.00333
fy 420

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85) β 1 f ' c 600

ρmax= x
fy 600+fy

( 0.75 ) ( 0.85 ) ( 0.85 ) (28) 600

ρmax= x
420 600+ 420

ρ max ¿ 0.02125

ρ min ¿ ρ< ρmax ,u se ρ=0.00333

A s=ρbd=( 0.00333 ) ( 350 ) (440)

A s=513.3333333 mm2

Using 20 mm∅ bars (Ad = 314.15926 mm2)

As 513.3333333
N= = =1.634 say 2 pcs .
Ad 314.15926

arrangement : 2bars horizontally

Checking the spacing:

 350−2 ( 40 )−2 ( 10 )−2(20)
S= = 210 mm>25 mm
1

OK

350MM X 500 MM BEAM

At End 1 At Midpsan At End 2

Compression Bars 2-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅ 2-20mm ∅
Tension Bars 5- 20mm ∅ 3- 20mm ∅ 2- 20mm ∅

Design of Vertical Stirrups

V u= 51.06 kN

1. Calculate the shear V c =0.17 λ √ f ' C bd

strength provided by V c =0.17 ( 1 ) ( √ 28 ) ( 350 )( 440 )

concrete: V c =135.815234 kN
 ∅ V c =0.75 ( 135.815234 )

∅ V c =101.8614255 kN

1
∅ V c= 50.930713 kN
2

1
V u < ∅ V c , but V u > ∅ V c ,
2

stirrupsare necessary .

2. Maximum spacing of

stirrups d 440
smax = = =220 mm∨600 mm
2 2

3. Minimum area of stirrups:

Av f y
smax 2= '
0.062 √ f C b

Av f y
smax 3=
0.35 b

where Av =2 ( Π4 )(∅ of stirrups) 2

A v =2 ( Π4 )(10) =157.08 mm
2 2

Av f y 157.08 ( 420 )
smax 2= '
= ¿
0.062 √ f b C
0.062 ( √28 ) ( 350 )

smax 2=574.553 mm say 570 mm

A v f y 157.08 ( 420 )
smax 3= =
0.35 b 0.35 (350 )

smax 3=538.56 mm say 530 mm

Use theleast calculated s max

Therefore , use s=220 mm