Física I.

Formulario Básico
Errores Vectores

𝑧𝑧 = 𝑥𝑥 ± 𝑦𝑦 => ∆𝑧𝑧 = ∆𝑥𝑥 + ∆𝑦𝑦 𝐴𝐴 = �𝐴𝐴2𝑥𝑥 + 𝐴𝐴2𝑦𝑦

𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 = 𝐴𝐴 cos 𝛼𝛼
∆𝑧𝑧 ∆𝑥𝑥 ∆𝑦𝑦
𝑧𝑧 = 𝑥𝑥 𝑛𝑛 𝑦𝑦 𝑚𝑚 => = + 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 = 𝐴𝐴 sin 𝛼𝛼 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦
𝑧𝑧 𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦 𝛼𝛼 = tan−1 � �
𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥
𝑒𝑒𝑎𝑎 = ∆𝑥𝑥 = �𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 �
𝑅𝑅 = 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 + 𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥
∆𝑥𝑥 �𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 � �⃗  � 𝑥𝑥
𝑅𝑅�⃗ = 𝐴𝐴⃗ + 𝐵𝐵
𝑒𝑒𝑟𝑟 = = 𝑅𝑅𝑦𝑦 = 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 + 𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦
𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
Cinemática Dinámica
𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥0 𝑣𝑣 − 𝑣𝑣0
𝑣𝑣𝑚𝑚 = 𝑎𝑎𝑚𝑚 = � 𝐹𝐹⃗ = 0 � 𝐹𝐹⃗ = 𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑎⃗
𝑡𝑡 − 𝑡𝑡0 𝑡𝑡 − 𝑡𝑡0
MRU (v = cte, a = 0) 𝐹𝐹⃗𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = −𝐹𝐹⃗𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵
𝑣𝑣𝑥𝑥 = 𝑣𝑣0𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥0 + 𝑣𝑣0𝑥𝑥 𝑡𝑡 𝑓𝑓𝑠𝑠 ≤ 𝜇𝜇𝑠𝑠 𝑁𝑁 𝑓𝑓𝑘𝑘 = 𝜇𝜇𝑘𝑘 𝑁𝑁
MRUA (a = cte) 𝐹𝐹𝑒𝑒 = −𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 𝑤𝑤 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
1
𝑣𝑣𝑥𝑥 = 𝑣𝑣0𝑥𝑥 + 𝑎𝑎𝑥𝑥 𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥0 + 𝑣𝑣0𝑥𝑥 𝑡𝑡 + 𝑎𝑎𝑥𝑥 𝑡𝑡 2 Trabajo, Energía y Potencia
2
2 𝑣𝑣𝑥𝑥 + 𝑣𝑣0𝑥𝑥
𝑣𝑣𝑥𝑥2 = 𝑣𝑣0𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑎𝑎𝑥𝑥 (𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥0 ) 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥0 + 𝑡𝑡 𝑊𝑊 = 𝐹𝐹⃗ . 𝑑𝑑⃗ 𝑊𝑊 = ∆𝐾𝐾 = −∆𝑈𝑈
2
1
Caída libre (ay = -g) 𝐾𝐾 = 𝑚𝑚𝑣𝑣 2
2
1 1
𝑣𝑣𝑦𝑦 = 𝑣𝑣0𝑦𝑦 − 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑦𝑦0 + 𝑣𝑣0𝑦𝑦 𝑡𝑡 − 𝑔𝑔𝑡𝑡 2 𝑈𝑈𝑔𝑔 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚ℎ 𝑈𝑈𝑒𝑒 = 𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥 2
2 2
2 𝑣𝑣𝑦𝑦 + 𝑣𝑣0𝑦𝑦 𝑊𝑊
𝑣𝑣𝑦𝑦2 = 𝑣𝑣0𝑦𝑦 − 2𝑔𝑔(𝑦𝑦 − 𝑦𝑦0 ) 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑦𝑦0 + 𝑡𝑡 𝑃𝑃 =
2 𝑡𝑡
Tiro Parabólico
𝑣𝑣0𝑥𝑥 = 𝑣𝑣0 cos 𝜃𝜃0 𝑣𝑣0𝑦𝑦 = 𝑣𝑣0 sin 𝜃𝜃0
2𝑣𝑣0 sin 𝜃𝜃0 𝑣𝑣0 2 sin2 𝜃𝜃0 𝑣𝑣0 2 sin 2𝜃𝜃0
𝑡𝑡𝑣𝑣 = 𝐻𝐻 = 𝐿𝐿 =
𝑔𝑔 2𝑔𝑔 𝑔𝑔

Tabla de apoyo para suma de vectores

Coordenadas Polares Coordenadas Cartesianas
Vector Magnitud Dirección Componente x Componente y
𝐴𝐴⃗ 𝐴𝐴 𝛼𝛼 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 = 𝐴𝐴 cos 𝛼𝛼 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 = 𝐴𝐴 sin 𝛼𝛼
�⃗
𝐵𝐵 𝐵𝐵 𝛽𝛽 𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 = 𝐵𝐵 cos 𝛽𝛽 𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦 = 𝐵𝐵 sin 𝛽𝛽
𝑅𝑅𝑦𝑦
𝑅𝑅�⃗ 𝑅𝑅 = �𝑅𝑅𝑥𝑥2 + 𝑅𝑅𝑦𝑦2 𝜃𝜃 = tan−1 � � 𝑅𝑅𝑥𝑥 = 𝐴𝐴𝑥𝑥 + 𝐵𝐵𝑥𝑥 𝑅𝑅𝑦𝑦 = 𝐴𝐴𝑦𝑦 + 𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦
𝑅𝑅𝑥𝑥