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Expt. 1 - Oscilloscope and Function Gen.
Expt. 1 - Oscilloscope and Function Gen.
Expt. 1 - Oscilloscope and Function Gen.
1
OSCILLOSCOPE AND FUNCTION GENERATOR OPERATION
OBJECTIVE:
To become familiar with the operation and use of the oscilloscope and function
generator.
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
THEORY
At first, glance the instrument may appear complex and difficult to master.
VS = SV ( NV )
where:
VS = signal voltage in Vpp
SV = vertical sensitivity
NV = number of vertical divisions
VS = (5 mV/div) (6 div)
= 30 mV
If one cycle of the same signal occupies 8 div on the horizontal scale with
a horizontal sensitivity of 5 µs/div, the period and frequency of the signal
can be determined using the following equations:
T = SH ( NH )
where:
T = period of waveform
SH = horizontal sensitivity
NH = number of horizontal divisions
Therefore:
T = (5 µs/div) (8 div) = 40 µs
1 1
and f = t 40 µs = 25 kHz
Although the frequency of the function generator can be set by the dial
position and appropriate multiplier, the oscilloscope can be used to
precisely set the output frequency.
VS = VM Sin wt
where:
VS = signal output in Vpp
VM = amplitude of the signal voltage in Vpp
w = angular freq. of the signal voltage
f = linear freq. of the signal voltage
t = instantaneous time in seconds
VM = Vpeak = ½ Vpp
Vp-p = 2 Vp
Veff= Vrms = Vp / 2
Vdc = Vave = Vp / Π
Both the scope and function generator are built to withstand some abuse,
so do not be afraid to try various combinations of dial settings to fully
develop your abilities with this lab experiment.
In addition, if you are working in a group, do not let one person perform
all the experimental work.
You must spend time in the laboratory, so why not learn how to use the
equipment properly and develop the skills that you will need.
In your own words, describe the function and use of each of the following
controls or sections of the oscilloscope.
a) Focus:
______________________________________________________
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b) Intensity:
______________________________________________________
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d) Vertical sensitivity:
______________________________________________________
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e) Horizontal sensitivity:
______________________________________________________
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g) AC-GND-DC switch:
______________________________________________________
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i) Calibrate switches:
______________________________________________________
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j) Probe:
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c) Set the vertical sensitivity of the scope to 1 V/div and adjust the
amplitude control of the function generator to establish a 4 V peak-
to-peak (p-p) sinusoidal waveform on the screen.
Horizontal Sensitivity
(Calculated) T = __________mS.
Figure 1.1
Figure 1.2
Figure 1.3
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
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Did the frequency of the signal on the screen change with each
horizontal sensitivity?
(Yes/No) __________.
What conclusion can you draw from the results regarding the effect
of the chosen horizontal sensitivity on the signal output of the
function generator?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Vertical Sensitivity
i) Do not touch the controls of the function generator but return the
sensitivity of the scope to 0.2 ms/cm and change the vertical
sensitivity to 2 V/cm.
(Yes/No) __________.
What conclusion can you draw from the results regarding the effect
of changing the vertical sensitivity on the output signal of the
function generator?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
b) Disconnect the function generator from the scope and measure the
effective (rms) value of the output of the function generator using
the digital meter.
(Measured) Vrms = ________
Vcalc Vmeas
% Difference 100%
Vcalc
% Difference = ________
Measure and record the actual battery voltage using the DC mode
of the DMM.
(Measured) DC level = ________
-2V
Figure 1-4
(Yes/No) ________.
(Yes/No) ________.