BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION

PASIL FIRE STATION

Fir e and Lif e Saf et y • To acquire basic knowledge on the nature

Seminar and behavior of fire
• To be familiar with the proper response
procedures during fire emergencies
• To increase awareness on fire safety and be
WELCOME! more prepared in case of a fire incident.

PARTICIPANTS

A. BFP HISTORY
B. NATURE AND BEHAVIOR OF FIRE
C. CLASSES OF FIRE Fire – The active principle of burning, characterized
D. PARTS & USE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER by the heat and light of combustion (RA 9514). It is
E. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF FIRE BRIGADE a rapid oxidation process accompanied with the
F. FIRE EVACUATION DRILL & PROCEDURE evolution of light and heat of varying intensities
G. FIRE EMERGENCY PROCEDURE
H. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
I. BASIC FIRE SAFETY FEATURES IN A BUILDING
J. FIRE SAFETY TIPS

The Tetrahedron of Fire

Oxygen Sources Heat Sources
To Reach Ignition Temperature
Approximately 16% Open Flames - The Sun
Required Hot Surfaces
Normal air contains Sparks and Arcs
21% O2. Some fuel Friction - Chemical Action
materials contain Electrical Energy
sufficient oxygen within Compression of Gases
their makeup to support
burning.
CHEMICAL
REACTION

SOLID LIQUID GAS

Bulky - Dust Gasoline Kerosene Natural Gas
Finely Divided Coal Turpentine Alcohol Propane
Wood Paper Liver Oil Paint Butane Hydrogen
Cloth
Grain
Plastic
Others
Varnish
Olive Oil
Lacquer
Others
Acetylene
Carbon Monoxide GROWTH STAGE
IGNITION STAGE • Temperature and smoke level increases
• Oxygen level decreased and the fuel is already dried
• Point wherein the fire starts out
• There is plenty of oxygen, little heat • Hot gasses rise to the ceiling and spreads outward
and smoke the walls

• Fire is still small and generally confined • Can be continuous if there is enough fuel and oxygen

to the fuel that initially ignited • The smoke layer is getting thicker and fire is starting
to spread to nearby furniture

FLASH OVER FULLY DEVELOPED

• Transition between growth and fully • All combustibles materials present are
developed stage continuously burning
• Presence of huge smoke which indicates the • Maximum amount of heat is released
rapid change of situation • The volume of fire is dependent of the
• May involve exposed combustibles number and size of ventilation openings
• Increasing level of smoke with decreased
• Unburned gasses begin flowing to adjacent
visibility
spaces and ignite once it enters a space where
• Gasses are generated by heat air more abundant