UGC under graduation scholarship Research Topic Detail

PLC BASED SUBSTATION CONTROL AND LINK IT

WITH NEW AUTOMATION SCHEME

Department Of Electrical Engineering

Faculty of Engineering and Technology

JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA

NEW DELHI-25

Under the supervision of: Malik sameeullah

Prof. A.Q.ANSARI(HOD) B.tech(electrical)vth sem

Sign. Roll no. 08EES31

E. no. 06-89

Mb. 09911852104

Research detail
Programmable Logic Control in short PLC is a work-horse for industrial
automation.PLC is important because all production units go through a
fixed repetitive sequence of operation that involves logical steps and
decisions.

For study purpose PLC is dividing in four parts:

(1) Programmable memory to store logical control sequence

(2) The data memory to store previous data
(3) The output device: this is hardware/software for industrial
process actuator such as solenoid switches.
(4) The input device: this are hardware/software for sensing input
such as over voltage at C.B

In addition to that there has a programming unit. This is either a special

module, a PC is connected to PLC by the serial link. In current market, PLCs
of different companies have their own systems, especially have different
environments of programming and debugging. the International Electro-
technical Commission (IEC) published IEC61131-3 Standard (PLC
Programming Language Standard).

PLC at Substation:
The PLCs would receive inputs from fault sensing relays, control switches,
transducers, auxiliary contacts from breakers and other devices. PLC
outputs would be wired to trip coils, communication equipment, and other
substation equipment. The idea of applying PLCs in a substation was also a
thing of concern, since PLCs had been designed for use in industrial
environments. These concerns are no longer valid. Controllers now
available meet throughput and IEEE surge withstand requirements, can
operate from a 125 Vdc power source, and are capable of directly tripping
and closing breakers.
Time delay between input and output must be no greater than a few
milliseconds for high speed power system protection applications. Delays
on the order of 10 milliseconds are acceptable for subtransmission
substation tripping functions, but transmission substations often require 4-
5 millisecond tripping from control schemes to maintain system stability.
There are two ways to meet the utility’s high speed requirements; one
through software, and one through a split architecture hardware approach.
It is need to the replacement of an existing legacy PLC (programmable logic
controller)-based substation automation design with integrated mission-
critical protection intelligent electronic devices (IEDs). The new design
replaces existing radios and leased-line modems with a hybrid serial and
Ethernet local area network (LAN) with wide area network (WAN)
connections.Most suitable way to replace the existing technology with new
is to minimal disturbance to system. So PLC system controlling the original
part of the substation as it is.From PLC data may be send to central unit of
IEC 61850 and overall control is done from central system, so complexity of
old system is removed.
PLC systems follow the standard IEC 61131-3 and not IEC 61850, it is of
interest to study how to implement IEC 61850 in an environment of a PLC.
Siemens S7 PLC is used in various substation. To implement the new
standard of IEC 61850 it is need to familiar with old system so possibility of
interlinking is found.
Software and Hardware needed for design:
Hardware:
The following hardware is needed for the design.
o Simatic S7-300 with Profibus interface.
o Ethernet switch
o PC platform (client)
o Simatic Microbox 420 from Siemens Automation and Drives.
o Monitor
o Keyboard
Software
The following software is needed for the design.
o Step 7.
o SOFTNET for PROFIBUS.
o AX-S4 MMS from Sisco Inc.
o Tamarack MMSd test client
The system components of a PLC: