BASI

CCHEMI
STRYPRACTI
CUM I
I

FACTORS–FACTORSTHATAFFECTSREACTI
ONRATE

By
:

IPUTUADIPAYANAPUTRA

1913071015

CLASS2A

S1SCI
ENCEEDUCATI
ON
DEPARTMENTOFPHYSI
CSANDSCI
ENCETEACHI
NG
THEMATHEMATI
CSANDSCI
ENCEFACULTY
UNI
VERSI
TASPENDI
DIKANGANESHA
SI
NGARAJA
2020
 FACTORS–FACTORSTHAT

AFFECTSREACTI
ONRATE

I
. Goal

St
udentshavetheknowl
edgeandskil
l
sinconducti
ngexper
iment
sonthe
i
nfl
uenceofconcent
rati
on,
surf
acear
eaoftouch,
temperat
ureandcat
aly
stt
othe
r
eacti
onrat
e.

I
I. BASI
CTHEORY

React ionr ateisthespeedofr eaction.Theknowl edgeoft her eact i

onr ate
i
sneededi nev erydaylifeandi ndust r
y.Ther eact ionr atei sdet er mi nedbyt he
exper iment ,bymeasur i
ng t heamountofr eagent sspenton t henumberof
product spr ocessedwi t
hinagi vent ime.Chemi calr eactionscanoccuratar apid
orsl ow pace.Rapi dorsl ow chemi calreact ionr atesar ei nfl
uencedbysev er al
factors,i ncl udingt hereact antconcent r
at ion,t ouchsur facear ea,t emper ature
andcat aly st.React i
onratei si nfluencedbyt hei nit
ialconcent rat i
onofr eagent s.
Ther eact ionr ategener allyincr easeswi thi ncr easi ngr eagentconcent rati
onand
decreases wi th decr eased r eagent concent rati
on. React ion r ate f or
heterogeneousr eacti
ons,isar eact i
oni nv olv i
ngr eagentwi thv ar i
ousf orms.The
reactionr atei sinfluencedbyt hepar ti
clet ouchf ieldsur face.Thewi dert hetouch
surface,t hel argert hereactpar ticlecausest hecol li
sionbet weenpar ticles.The
smal lert hesur facear eaoft het ouchar ea,t hesmal l
erf ort hecol l
isi
onchanges
betweenpar ticles.Theef fectoft emper atur eatt her eact ionr atepl ay sav er y
i
mpor tantr olei nt hechemi calr eactionwher et hehi ghert emper aturei srapidl y
ther eact ionpr ogr esses.Thi scanbecausedbyhi ghert emper at urest hatwi l
l
affectt hemov ementofpar ti
clesi nt her eact ionwher et hef astert hemov ement
betweenpar t
iclesast hef astert hemov ementbet weenpar ticlescausest he
greaterki net i
cener gyexper iencedbet weent hepar ti
clessot hatt hegr eatert he
i
mpactt hatoccur sbetweent hepar t
iclesi nt her eact i
on.

I
naddit
iontothef act
orsoutl
i
nedabov e,thereact
ionrat
ecanal sobe
i
ncreasedbyaddingadist
ingui
shabl
ecatal
ysttoahomogeneouscat al
ystwhich
i
sat ypeofcatal
ystwhosecompoundsar einthesamephaseast hereact
ants
and heter
ogeneous cat
alyst
s,Which isat y pe ofcataly
stthatSeny awa-
senyawanyanoti
nthesamephaseast hereact
ants.
I
II
. TOOLSANDMATERI
ALS

Tool
s:

- Chemi
cal
Glass50mLand100mL -Chemi
cal
Glass400mL

- 100mLand250mLf
lask -TubeY

- St
opwat
ch -St
ati
fandcl
amp

- Bal
l
oon -Thr
eel
eg

- React
iont
ubesandr
acks -Bur
ner
s

- Ther
eact
iont
ubecl
amp -GasCanni
ngPi
pe

- Pi
pet
tedr
ops -Bal
ance

Mat
eri
als:

- Gr
ain/
ZincPowder -SoapSol
uti
on

- HCl
0,5M,
1M,
1,8M,
3M,
6M -H2SO42M

- Na2S2O31M -H2C2O40,
05M

- CaCO3Powder
sandgr
anul
es -H2O2 3%

- MnO2Powder

I
V. WORKI
NGPROCEDURE

4.
1. Ef
fectofconcent
rat
iononr
eact
ionr
ate

4.
1.1React
ionbet
weenzi
ncandhy
drochl
ori
caci
d

1.Put2gram zi
nci
ntoabal
l
oon,t
henattacht
hebal
loont
othef
lask
thathasbeenfi
l
led50mLofasol
uti
onofHCl0.
5M.

2.Act
ivat
ed t
he stopwatch pr
eci
selyatthe momentt he zi
nc i
s
dr
oppedinaHClsol ut
ionandstopthest
opwatchpreci
selyatt
he
momentthebal
looncanstand.Thennot
etheti
mer equi
red.

3.Donet
hesamet
hingf
orasol
uti
onofHCl
1M,
2M,
and3M.

4.
1.2 React
ionbet
weensodi
um t
hiosul
fat
eandhy
drochl
ori
caci
d
 1.Ther
earef
ourmeasur
ingf
lask100mL,
respect
ivel
y,Mar
kA,
B,C
andD.

2.Inser
ted10mLoft hesol
uti
onofThi
osul
fat
e1M i
ntoeach–
eachflaskont
op.

3.Int
ot hepumpkinB,
CandDar eaddedconsecut
ive5mL,
7.5mL,
and12. 5mLofwat erandshakethepumpkinsforaperf
ect
mixingreact
ion.

4.Int
ot hepumpkinA,added10mLofthe2M HClsol ut
ionand
shakenthepumpkin.Thenr
unt
hest
opwat
chr
ightatt
hemoment
theturbi
dit
yar
ises.

5.Donet
hesamet
hingf
ort
hePumpki
nB,
C,andD.

4.
2. Sur
facear
eaoft
ouch

1.Weighedt
woty
pesoflimest
one,
CaCO3weighingt
hesame(±0.
5
gr
ams)Onepowdershapedandt
heot
hershapedchunks.

2.Provi
dedtwot ubes"Y"
.Fi
ll
edfi
rstt
ubewith3mLHCl0. 5M on
onefoottube"Y"andCaCO3powderontheot
herl
eg.Thenf
il
lthe
second"Y"tubewith3mLHCl0. 5M ononelegwit
hachunkof
CaCO3ont heotherl
eg.

3.Compi
l
edt
ool
sli
kepi
ctur
es,
int
hef
oll
owi
ngway
:

a.fi
l
ledwit
hchemi
calcups400mLwi
thwat
erunt
ilal
mostf
ull
pl
umbing.

b.Mar
kedreacti
ont
ubewit
hmar ker
sorrubberatadi
stanceof±
3cm f
rom t
hebaseoft
hereacti
ontube.

c.Fi
ll
edwithar eactiontubewit
hwat ert
othef ul
l
,t heninser
ted
i
ntothechemi calglassinaninv
ertedst
atesot hatthemout h
oft
hewat eri
sf loodedinachemicalgl
ass.Ther eact
iontubes
donotcontai
nai rbubbles.

d.Cl
ampt
her
eact
iont
ubeabi
tupr
ightandsoasnott
ofal
l
.

4.GaggedTube"
Y"fi
rstwit
hasumct i
onpi
pecanni
ng,i
nser
tedthe
otherendoft
hepipecanni ngt
othemouthofthetesttubes
contai
nedi
nachemical
glass.

5.Rot
atedt
he"
Y"t
ubesot
hatt
heHClsol
uti
onf
lowsf
rom onef
oot
 t
othef
ootcont
aini
ngt
heCaCO3.

6.Notethet i
mer equi
redsi
ncet
hereact
iont
othevolumeofthe
gasthatisaccommodatedont
het
esttubei
sri
ghtonthemar
ker
orrubbersi
gn.

7.Donet
hesamet
hingf
ort
hesecond"
Y"t
ube.

8.Compar
edt
othesecondr
eact
ionr
ateoft
heexper
imentabov
e.

4.
3. Sy
stem t
emper
atur
e

1.Pr
ovided 2 pi
ecescl
eanr
eact
iont
ubewi
theachf
il
led 2 mL
H2C2O40.05M and1mLH2SO41M.

2.Added5dropsKMnO40.01M ont hef

ir
sttube.Recordedt
ime
si
ncetheaddi
ti
onofKMnO4unt
ilt
hecol
orisnotvi
sibl
eanymore.

3.Soakedsecondr eact
iont ubei
nhotwat
er( ±50°c)for1minute,
then add 5 dr
ops KMnO4 0. 01 M.Recorded ti
me since t
he
addi
ti
onofKMnO4unt i
lthecol
ori
snotvi
sibleany
mor e.

4.Compar
edt
other
eact
ionr
atei
nthesecondexper
imentabov
e.

4.
4. Cat
aly
st

1.Provi
ded2piecesofnetr
eact
iontubeandeachfi
ll
edwit
h2mL
H2O23%and1mLofsoapsol uti
on.Shakeandobser
vethegas
bubbl
esthatoccur
.

2.Sav
edf i
rsttubeasacomparat
or.Addedasmal
lscoopti
pMnO2
onthesecondt ube.Added5dropsofFeCl
3satur
atedsol
uti
on
onthi
rdtubes.

3.Obser
vedchangesoccur
ri
ng.

V. OBSERVATI
ONTABLE
N
Wor
kPr
ocedur
e Obser
vat
ionResul
t Pi
ctur
e
o

4. Ef
fectofconcent
rat
ion Byusi ngt hepr inci
pleof
1 onr eact
ionrat
e halfreact i
on, byinsert
ing
2gram zi nci ntothe
4.
1.1reactionbet ween ball
oonf i
rstai msto
zi
ncandhy drochloricaci
d pr eventt hespl ashand
1.I nsert
ed2gr am gasdi rectlyintotheairso
zincintoabal oon, t
l hatwewi llnotbeabl eto
thenputt he measur ethet ime
ball
oonona requiredsol utionto
pumpki nt hathas Rai si
ngbal loonswel land
beenf il
led50mL accur at el
y.
ofasol
uti
onof
HCl0.
5M
2. The st opwatch i s Act i
v at
ingt heSt opwarch
activ
atedj ustast hezinc when st arting t o drop
i
s dr opped i n a HCl zi nci ntotheHClsol uti
on
soluti
on and st ops the serv estor ecordt hetime
stopwat ch precisely at i
tt akesf orthereact i
ont o
the momentt he bal
loon produce a gas r eacti
on
canst and.Thennot ethe resul tthatcanr aisethe
ti
mer equired. balloon lat
er. At
concent rati
onsofHCl0. 5
balloonscanst andwi thin
12mi nute

3.Donet hesamethi
ng
forasoluti
onofHCl1M,
2M, and3M.
 Atconcentrati
ons
of 1. 0 ball
oons
canstandwithi
n9
minutes 50
seconds.

 Atconcentrati
ons
of 2. 0 ball
oons
stood wi t
hin 6
minutes 52
seconds.

 Atconcentr
ati
ons
of 3.0 ball
oons
canstandwit
hin1
minute 47
seconds
4.1.
2 React ion between
sodium t hiosul
fat
e and
hydrochl
oricacid

1.There ar e four Byprovidi

ng4pumpkins
measuring f ask t
l henwecandi r
ectl
y
100mL, compar ewit
htheeye
respect
ivel
y,Mark dir
ectl
ybetweenthefl
ask
A,B,CandD. onthesoluti
onofone
withasoluti
ononthe Fi
gur
e1.Provi
desfour
-pi
ece
r
eacti
onfl
ask
otherpumpkin.

2.I
nserted10mLof
thesoluti
onof
Thiosulf
ate1M At f i
rst,the mi lk and
i
ntoeach–each cloudy whi t
et hiosulf
ate
fl
askont op soluti
onanddonotcause
a st r
ong smel l
, af t
er
i
nser ti
ng a sol ution of
thiosul
fatintoeachf l
ask
witht he same amount
and concent ration i s
i
nt ended t o know t he
Pi
cture2.I
nsert
ingasol
uti
onof
i
nf l
uence of thi
osul
fat
eineachfl
ask
concent r
ati
on i f one
soluti
on has a def ined
concent r
ati
on and t he
otherinthechange.

3.Int
hepumpkinB,C
andDwereadded Atf i
rstbyinsert
inga
i
nconsecut
ive5 di
ff
erentv ol
umeofwat er
mL,7.
5mL, and ontheB, C,andDf l
ask
onl
yr esul
tedinreduced
 12.5mLofwat er tur
bidityofthesolution
andshakent he butwiththecol oroft he
pumpki nsfora whitesoluti
onby
perfectmixing i
nsertingwat erint
ot he
reacti
on. pumpki nB,C, andD
waterwi t
hthev olume
Dif
ferentoneach
Labuny aaimst ovaryt he
amountofconcent ration
ofeachf l
ask.

Fi
ctur
e3.I
nser
tingwateront
heB,
C,
Df l
ask

4.Intot hepumpki n IfonpumpkinB,C,andD

A, added10mLof addedwaterthenon
the2M HCl PumpkinAadded2M
solutionand solut
ionofHCl10ML.
shakent he
pumpki n.Thenrun
thest opwat ch
rightatt he
momentt he
turbidit
yar i
ses.
Fi
g.4.APumpki
nadded10mL
HCl2M

5.Donethesame Byaddi ng2M of10ML

thi
ngf
orthe HCl soluti
on backi nto
PumpkinB,C,
and thepumpki nB,CandD
D. whichhadbeenmi xed
withwat erprevi
ously.I
n
thethreepumpki nsalso
producegas, butamong
thethreeflaskthe
pumpki nBmostv i
sible
result
si ntheform ofgas
 whilethef l
aski svery Gambar5.
1labuBdi
tambahkan
10mLHCl
diff
icultt
oobser vethe
resultofther eacti
oni n
thef or
m oft heflaskand
thethreepumpki nsalso
containsaf adedwhi t
e
depositsbutt hese
depositscanbeobser ved
easilyonpumpki nBand
mostAsl i
ghtdeposi ti
on
seeni nthepumpki nB. Gambar5.
2labuCdi
tambahkan
10mLHCl

Gambar5.
2labuDdi
tambahkan
10mLHCl

4. Sur
faceareaTouch Thepowderandchunks
2 ofCaCO3ar ewhiteand
1.Wei ghedt wot ypes smoot htextur
ed.Bot
hin
ofli
mest one, theform ofpowderand
CaCO3 wei ghing chunksofCaCO3 does
thesame( ±0. 5 notcauseodororgas
grams)one whenr eactdir
ectl
ywit
h
shapedandt he thefreeair.
othershaped
Fi
gur
e1wei
ghi
ngachunkof
chunks. CaCO3
 2.Two" Y"tubesar e Inbot hforms, t
hi s
provi
ded.Fi lled reacti
oni sobtai nedt ime
fi
rstt
ubewi t
h3 diff
erencei nthe
mLHCl 0.5M on appear anceofgasi nthe
onefoott ube" Y" reacti
ont ubewhi chi sa
andCaCOpowder 3 signofr eacti
onr esultof
ontheot herl eg. bothr eacti
onsi nwhi ch
Thenf i
l
l the thereact i
onusi ngCaco3
second" Y"t ube powderhasar elatively
with3mL0. 5M on smal lti
mecompar ed
onelegwi tha withther eact
ionusi ng
chunkofCaCO3 on Caco3bl ockwhi chi s
theotherl eg. obtainedsignificantt ime Figur
e2fil
l
sonefoottubewi
th
diff
erence. CaCo3andtheot
herfootwit
ha
sol
uti
onofHCl

1. Compil
edtool
sli
ke Arrangingt het ool sasin
dr
awings. thei magehast he
funct i
onofeachont he
testwher et het ube" Y"
i
spl acedsl ightlyskewed
tofaci l
it
at euswhen
rotatingthet ubewhi l
e
theposi tionoft het ube
"Y"hi ghert hant hehole Fi
gure3Arrangi
ngthetool
s
oftheTubeTher eacti
on accor
dingtotheworki
ng
servest of acili
tat ethe pr
ocedure

gast ocomedownand
cool edbypassi ngt he
wat eronachemi cal
glasst hati sthengas
formedwi l
l l
ookl ikedew
ont hegl assoft he
react i
ont ube.
3.GaggedTube" Y" Thebl ockageoft he" Y"
fi
rstwi tha tubewi t
ht hecanning
sumct ionpipe pipeplugsai mst oav oid
canning, i
nserted thegascomi ngouti nto
theotherendof theairsot hatlat
erwe
thepipecanni ngto willf
indi tdi
ff
icul
tto
themout hofthe knoworobser vethe
testtubes reacti
onofgasi nthe
containedina reacti
ont ube.Whi l
e Fi
gure4Cl
oggingthetube"
Y"wit
h
chemi calglass. i
nsertinggascanni ng api
pecanningobstr
uct
ion

pipetot hemout hoft he

water-fl
oodedr eacti
on
tubeser vesasacool ant
ofthegassoi tcanbe
observedeasi l
yont he
testtubes.

4.Rotatedthe"Y" Rotatingthe" Y"tube

tubesothatthe servest omi xtheHCl
HCl sol
uti
onf l
ows soluti
ont hatsitsonone
from onefootto ofthef oott ubeswitha
thefootcontai
ning CaCO3powderont he
theCaCO3 opposi t
el eg.Therefore,
theact i
vityofrotati
ngt he
"Y"tubei sani mportant
activi
tytopr oducer apid
Fi
gur
e5Whent
hesol
uti
onofHCl
andcor rectreacti
on
xed.
andCaCO3powderhasmi
result
s.

5.Not ethetime Notingthet i

mer equired
requiredsincet he tomeasur ethevolumeof
reactiontot he theaccommodat edgas
volumeoft hegas onthet ubest hathave
thatis beenmar kedis
accommodat edin functi
oningt obeablet o
ther eact
iont ubeis compar et hetimelater
ri
ghtatt hesi gn. neededi neachr eaks.On
mixingCaCo3andHCl
 theoccur
renceof Fi
gur
e6.Timewhenthebubbl
eoccur
s
onmixi
ngCaCo3andHCl
bubbl
esisa7-minut
e
ti
me.

6.Thesamet hi
ngfor Bydoi ngthesamest eps
thesecondYtube. twot ubesthentheresul
t
oft her eact
ionofthe
tubewi ll
lat
erbeusedas
acompar i
sonofthetime
differencebetweenthe
testt ubesoneusing
CaCO3 powderandt he
Fig.7.Whent
hereacti
ongashas
TwoTubesusi ng accumulatedont
hesecondreact
iont
ube
Caco3chunks.Ont hi
s
mi xingResul t
edin10
mi nut esti
me.
4. Temper atur
esy stem Itprovidest wot ubes
3 containingH2C2O4 and
1.
1Pr ovided2pi ecesnet H2SO4 whi chhav e
reacti
ontubewi th diff
erentv ol umesand
eachf i
ll
ed2ml concent rations.Thisi
s
H2C2O4 0.05M and1 donei nor dert ofaci
li
tate
ml h2SO4 1M. theobser verinobserving
changest hatwi l
loccur
duet ot emper ature
changes.
Fi
gur
e1WhenSol ut
ionH2C2O4
Pl
ussol
uti
onKMnO4

Fi
gur
e2Sol
uti
onH2SO4

1M

1.
2Added5dr opsKMnO4 Whent het ubei sfi
rst
0.01M onthef i
rst added5Dr opsKMnO4
tube.Recor
dedt ime 0.01M Thecol or
sincetheaddi
tionof becomessomewhat
KMnO4 untilt
hecolor brownedt henobser ved
i
snotnandany more. unt i
lthecol orseems
uncr edit
edt akes20
mi nutes3secondsata
room t emper atureof28°
C.
Fi
gur
e1WhenSol ut
ionH2C2O4
Pl
ussol
uti
onKMnO4
 1.Soakedsecond TAbungr eacti
onkedua
react
iont ubeinhot soakedi nhotwat er
water(±50° c)f
or1 ±50°cf oronemi nute
minute,thenadd5 toservedadded5dr ops
dropsKMnO40. 01M. KMnO40. 01M.Col or
Recordedt i
mesince becomesBr ownthen
TheAddi tionof start
sunt ilt
hecolorno
KMnO4unt ilt
hecolor longeri ttakes7mi nut
es
i
snotv isibleanymore. 4seconds.

Pi
ctur
e4.5Imagesofreact
ion
tubeaft
erheat
ing

4. Cat
aly
st -OnAreacti
ontube,ther
e
4 i
sAgasbubbl egas
1.Pr ovided3pi eces accompaniedbydeposit
s
ofnetr eacti
on atthebaseofthetube.
tubeandeach
Fil
ledwi t
h2ml -I
ntheBreacti
ont ube,
H2O2 3%and1ml ther
eisagreaternumber
ofsoapsol ution. ofgasbubblesandi s
Shakeandobser ve accompani
edbydeposi t
s
thegasbubbl es onthebaseoft hetubes. Fi
gur
e1.
1React
iononAt
ube
thatoccur .
-I
ntheC- r
eacti
ontube,
ther
ear efewergas
bubblesthantheAt ube
andar eaccompaniedby
depositsonthebaseof
thetube

Fi
gur
e1.
2React
iononBt
ube

Fi
gur
e1.
3React
iononCt
ube
 2.Thefir
stt
ubeis Areact
iontubeconditi
on
stor
edasa r
emainsast heresul
tof
comparat
or. t
hepreviousexperi
ment.

Fi
gur
e2onAt
ube

3.Secondtubeis Mixtureint
her eacti
on
addedattheend tubeBi ncl
oudycondi t
ion
ofsmallspoon andar i
sestwot ypesof
powderMnO2. sedimentat
ion,namel y
soapandpowderMnO2
thatisnotfused.Gas
bubblesaresignifi
cantl
y
reduced.

Fi
gur
e3r
eacti
ononTubeBaf
ter
somet
ime

4.Thi
rdTubeadded Themi xt
ureina
5dropsofFeCl
3 yel
lowishCr eactiont ube
sat
urat
edsolut
ion i
saccompani edbyt he
emergenceoft wotypes
ofsedimentation,namel y
soapandFeCl 3thatar e
notfused.Gasbubbl es
remainasoriginally
.

Fi
g.4.React
ionontheCtube
addedsolut
ionFeCl
3

VI
. DI
SCUSSI
ON

Todi
l
utehy
drochl
ori
caci
d1L=1,
19KgmassHCl=37%,mol
armassHCl=36,
5
g
ram
.
mol
1L=1000mL

1,
19Kg=1190gr
am

So,
from t
heequat
ionabov
ecanbeknownt
hat
:

mass
ρ=
vol
ume

1190gra
m gr
am
ρ= =1,
19
1000mL mol

ρx%massHClx10
M=
mol
arma s
s

1,
19x37x10 440,
3
= =
36,
5 36,
5

=12,
06≈12M

So,
from t
her
esul
toft
heequat
ionabov
ethenobt
ained:

ToHCl 1M
1)V1•M1 =V2•M2

V1.12 =300.1

V1 =25mLHCl
pekat

So,
from t
heabov
edi
l
uti
onf
ormul
aisusedt
omaket
hesol
uti
onHCl1M
25mL.

ToHCl
2M

2)V1•M1 =V2•M2

V1.3 =300.2

V1 =50mLHCl
2M

So,
from t
heabov
edi
l
uti
onf
ormul
aisusedt
omaket
hesol
uti
onHCl2M
50mL.
 3)V1•M1 =V2•M2

V1.3 =300.3

V1 =75mLHCl
3M

So,f
rom t
heabov
edi
l
uti
onf
ormul
aisusedt
omaket
hesol
uti
onHCl3M
75mL.

1a.Ther
eact
ionbet
weenZnandHCl

Concent
rat
ionHCl Ti
me

0,
5M 12menut
es

1M 9menut
es50seconds

2M 6menut
es52seconds

3M 1menut
e47seconds

Concl
usi
on:

Theconcent rat
ionfactor sf
rom ther esultsoft heexper i
mentr esult
edi nt he
i
ntroductionofzi ncgrainsineachf l
askcont ainingaHClsol ut
ionconsi sti
ngof
diff
erentconcent r
ati
onsi ndi
cati
ngthatt hefl
askcont ainingtheHClsol ut
ionWi th
the highestconcent ration has a relati
vel
y smal lt ime compar ed t o other
pumpki nstopr oducegassot hatitcanenf orcebal loons.Ther eactionresultis
Zn(s)+2HCl aq)→Z
( nCl aq)+H2(
2( g)Hydrogengasr esult
ingi nareact i
ont hatcan
causeterangkatnya balon dengan wakt u 1 mi nut e 47 seconds onl y.So t he
concentrati
on ofr eactantswi l
lbeabl eto af fectt her apidrunning orsl ow
reacti
on.

1b.Ther
eact
ionbet
weenNa2S2O3wi
thHCl

Pumpki
nused Ti
mer
equi
red

A 59seconds

B 1menut
es
 C 1mi
nut
es15seconds

D 1menut
es18seconds

Concl
usi
on:

I
nt hesecondr eactionofthi
osul
fat
esol ut
ionwit
hhydrochl ori
caci
dpr oducesthe
fastestti
meonpumpki nAwher einpumpki nAhasthehighestconcent rat
ion.
Ther ef
ore,i
nthissecondexperimentresul
tedinaNa2S2O3(aq)+2HCl
(aq)→2 NaCl(aq)
+S(s)+SO2(g)+H2O(l)Wher
egasisproducedi nt
heform ofgasSO2.

2a.CaCO3React
ionwi
thHCl

Tube"
Y" Ti
me

1(
CaCO3powderandHCl
) 7mi
nut
es11seconds

2(
chunkCaCO3andHCl
) 10mi
nut
es20seconds

Concl
usi
on:

Thesur f
acear eaf actorwher et her esul t
soft heexperimentr esultedint hedat a
thatint hepowderCaCO3 pr oducef asterr eact
ion than ther eactant susi ng
chunksCaCO3.I nt heexper iment susi ngCaCO3 powdert ook 7 mi nut es 11
secondswhi l
eont heexper imentusi ngchunksCaCO3 t ooks 10 mi nutes 20
seconds.Inbot hr eactionst hei ndicat orcanbeobser v
edobser versi nthef orm of
abubbl ef or
mat iont hatist her esul tofcool ingfrom gasCO2 oft her eaction
CaCO3(s)+2HCl (aq)→ C aCl aq)+C
2( O2(g)+H2O(l)whereitcanr esultfrom t helarger
thesurfaceareaoft her eact antpar ticleswillbemor eandmor ef iel
dst hatcan
resul
tinthepr esenceofef f
ectiv ecol li
sionsthatcanpr oducear apidreact i
onof
react
antssot hatt het imeNeededf orasubst ancet oreproduceev enfast er.
3.Obser
vat
ionResul
t:Temper
atur
eef
fect

React
ionTubes Temper
atur
e Ti
me

1 28˚
C 20mi nut
es3
seconds

2 50˚
C 7mi nut
es4
seconds

Concl
usi
on:

Thet emper aturefactoroft hesy stem inwhicht her esult

soft heexper iment
result
edi nt het wotubeswi thhighert emperaturethant hef i
rsttube,t hefir
st
tubewi that emperatureof28°Candt hesecondt ubewhi chhasat emper at
ure
of50° c.Hav eadiff
erentreacti
onspeed,t hesecondt ubehasaqui ckert i
met o
beabl et ochanget hecol orofthepur pl
edropletresultKMnO4 t oacol orl
ess
clearaf terheatingby50°C.Thi scanoccurbecauset hehigherthet emper at
ure
i
nar eaction i
tcan l ead toincr eased par
ticle mov ementdue t ot he high
temper atureofthegivenheightwhi chcanleadt oincreasedkineti
cener gyoft he
parti
clest hatreactsoThegr eatert hePekuangi stheoccur r
enceofef f
ecti
ve
colli
siont hatoccurssot hatthesoonerar eact
ioncant akeplace.

4.
Cat
aly
sti
nfl
uence

React
ion Obser
vat
ionr
esul
ts

1 The pr
esence ofbubbl
es and
col
orsofcl
earsol
uti
onsarenot
.

2 Producing MnO2 soap and

powderdeposi t
st hatare not
fused and cl
oudy,bubbl
esar e
reducedsigni
fi
cant
ly.

3 Pr
oduci
ngay
ell
owi
sh-
col
our
ed
 sol
uti
on and accompanied by
thepresenceofsoapdeposits
and f used FeCl
3, the gas
bubbl
esr emai
nastheori
ginal
.

Concl
usi
on:

Cat al
ystfactor swher ether esultsoft heexper i
ment spr oducedt hatont hetubes
givenMnO3andFecl 3powder shav esi gnificantcolorchangesandt her esultant
deposits.So t hatf rom obser v abl
eobser vati
on r esultsint hef orm ofcol or
threaded,t her esult
antdeposi tsandgases.Thent headmi ni
st rati
onOfMnO3
and FeCl 3 can accel erat et he r eaction i n gener ati
ng deposi t
s butbot h
substancesdonotr eactcompr ehensi vel
yt hatwecanseef rom thedi scoloration
anddeposi tsr esulti
ngi nt heTubeBobt ainedsol utionwi thbr owni shdeposi ts
wher eTheCol oroft hesol utionist hesameasMnO3powdercol orwhi l
eint he
C-tubeobt ainedwhi tedeposi t
sandy ell
owi shSamewi ththecol orFeCl 3.Thiscan
occurasar esul tofcat alystscanl owert heact i
vationener gyofar eaction
withoutpar t
icipatingandr eactingwi thi tsr eactants.Al t
houghcat al ystsr eact
withTher esul tbutt her eact i
oni ssosmal lthatiti sassumedt hatt hecat alyst
cannotr eactwi thitsr eact ants.Cat aly
st sl owert heener gyact i
vat i
onoft he
reactantssot hatther eactioncant akepl acequi ckly.

VI
I.QUESTI
ONSANDDI
SCUSSI
ON

1.Wr
it
ether
eact
ionequat
ionf
oreachexper
iment
!

- Eksper
imentef
fectofconcent
rat
iononr
eact
ionr
ate

a.Theequat
ionofr
eact
ionbet
weenzi
ncandhy
drochl
ori
caci
d

Zn(
s)+HCl
(aq)ZnCl
2(aq)+H2(
g)

b.Theequat
ionofr
eact
ionbet
weensodi
um t
hiosul
fat
eandhy
drochl
ori
caci
d

Na2S2O3(aq)+2HCl
(aq) SO2(
g)+S(
s)+H2O(
l)+2NaCl
(aq)

- TouchSur
faceAr
ea

a.Theequat
ionofr
eact
ionbet
weenl
i
mest
oneandhy
drochl
ori
caci
d

CaCO3(
s)+2HCl
(aq) CaCl
2(aq)+H2O+CO2(
g)

- Sy
stem Temper
atur
e
 a.4H2C2O4+2KMnO4 8CO2+K2O+Mn2O3+4H2O

b.4KMnO4+6H2SO4 4MnSO4+2K2SO4+5O2+6H2O

- Cat
aly
st

a.Mn(
OH)
2+3H2O2 MnO4+4H2O

b.4FeCl
3+6H2O2 12HCl
+2Fe2O3+3O2

2.Whatchangescanbeobser
vedf
rom t
heabov
eexper
iment
stomar
kfastorsl
ow
t
herateofareact
ion?

The f i
rstobservable change i sthe concentr
ation ofr eactant
s.Because in
reacti
on between zi nchy drochl
oricacid.HClhast hehi ghestconcentrat
ion,
fasterreact
ionspeed.I nourExper i
mentsHClHadt helowestconcent r
ati
onof3
M Hav ingthefastestreactionspeedof41second.Thent hechanget hatcanbe
changedi sthetemper atur
e.Inourexperiments,
theH2C2O4+MnO4washeat ed
tothehotai rwit
hat emper atur
eof50changedmor erapidlybyat i
meof10
minutes.ThisisdifferentH2SO4+MnO4whoset emperatureis30experi
encing
l
ongercol orchangeswi th20mi nuteskarenahightemper aturespeedsupt he
reacti
on.

3.I
ntheexperi
ment
sonthereacti
onr
atebet
weent hel
imestoneandHCl
,how i
s
t
herel
ati
onshi
pbet
weeni
ncreasi
ngt
imeandreact
ionr
ate?Expl
ain!

Atthisstagethetube "Y"whi chcontai

nstheCaCO3powderwi l
lbehi gher
concent
rati
onscomparedtothechunksofCaCO3thi
scanbecausedbyaf actor
ofconcentr
ati
onofthesol
uti
onwher et
hepowdergiv
enthepowdersCaCO3and
3mlHCl0. 5mlwil
lbemoreconcentrat
edComparedtothesol
uti
onthati
sgi ven
achunkofCaCO3and3mlHCl0. 5mlbecausetheCaCO3powderhasagr eater
surf
aceareathant
he

CaCO3 chunkssothatt
hereacti
onr at
eont he"Y"TubeCont
aini
ngt
heCaco3
powderwillbef
ast
erduetot
helargerpart
icl
ecol
l
isi
on.

VI
I. CONCLUSI
ON

Daripercobaany
angdil
akukanmengenaif
akt
or– fakt
oryangmempengaruhi
l
ajureaksimakasecar
agarisbesardar
ipr
akt
ikum y
angtel
ahdi
lakukandapat
 disi
mpulkanbahwaf aktory angmempengar uhiberj
alancepatataul ambatnya
suatureaksi(l
ajur eaksi)dapatdi pengaruhiolehempatf akt
ordi
antaranya:f
aktor
konsentrasi,faktorluas per mukaan sent uhan parti
kelyang bereaksi
,faktor
temperaturesistem, danf aktorkatali
s.Jadi,darikeempatfakt
ortersebutsangat
berpengaruhterhadapl ajur eaksidarisuatureaktan.Dimanasemaki nti
nggiatau
besarjuml ahkempatf aktort er
sebutmakaakansemaki ncepatsuat ureaksi
dapatber l
angsung.

VI
II
. REFRENCE

Subagia,Way an & Sy
a’ban.2004.Mat er
iPrakt
ikum Kimi
a DasarI
.
Si
ngar
aja:Insti
tutKegur
uanDanIlmuPendi
dikanNeger
iSi
ngaraj
a.

Si
ngar
aja,
08Mar
ch2020

Lect
urer
, Pr
act
ican,

(
Dr.
INy
omanSuar
dana,
M.Si
) (
IPut
uAdi
Pay
anaPut
ra)

(
NIP:
196611231993031001) NI
M.1913071015