Unit 4 Practice and Review on Probability

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Which two events are most likely to be independent? 1)

A) getting an A in math, and getting an A in Physics
B) having a car accident, and having 3 inches of snow today
C) having a driver's license, and having blue eyes
D) having a flat tire, and being late for school
E) being a senior, and leaving campus for lunch

2) Political analysts estimate the probability that Hillary Clinton will run for president in 2008 is 45%, 2)
and the probability that NY's Governor George Pataki will run as the Republican candidate is 20%.
If their political decisions are independent, then what is the probability that only Hillary runs for
president?
A) 11% B) 36% C) 9% D) 25% E) 45%

3) A survey of some AP* Stats students recorded gender and whether the student was left or 3)
right-handed. Results were summarized in a table like the one shown. If it turned out that
handedness was independent of gender, how many of the AP* Stats students were lefty girls?

A) 10
B) It cannot be determined.
C) 9
D) 7
E) 4

4) The city council has 6 men and 3 women. If we randomly choose two of them to co-chair a 4)
committee, what is the probability these chairpersons are the same gender?
4 1 7 5 5
A) B) C) D) E)
9 2 8 9 8

5) Five juniors and four seniors have applied for two open student council positions. School 5)
administrators have decided to pick the two new members randomly. What is the probability they
are both juniors or both seniors?
A) 0.722 B) 0.506 C) 0.395 D) 0.444 E) 0.569

6) An ice cream stand reports that 12% of the cones they sell are "jumbo" size. You want to see what a 6)
"jumbo" cone looks like, so you stand and watch the sales for a while. What is the probability that
the first jumbo cone is the fourth cone you see them sell?
A) 8% B) 93% C) 40% D) 60% E) 33%

7) According to the National Telecommunication and Information Administration, 56.5% of U.S. 7)

households owned a computer in 2001. What is the probability that of three randomly selected U.S.
households at least one owned a computer in 2001?
A) 56.5% B) 18.0% C) 43.5% D) 91.8% E) 82.0%
 8) According to the National Telecommunication and Information Administration, 50.5% of U.S. 8)
households had Internet access in 2001. What is the probability that four randomly selected U.S.
households all had Internet access in 2001?
A) 50.5% B) 6.5% C) 49.5% D) 12.6% E) 93.5%

9) A friend of yours plans to toss a fair coin 200 times. You watch the first 20 tosses and are surprised 9)
that she got 15 heads. But then you get bored and leave. How many heads do you expect her to
have when she has finished all 200 tosses?
A) 110 B) 150 C) 100 D) 115 E) 105

10) Some marathons allow two runners to "split" the marathon by each running a half marathon. Alice 10)
and Sharon plan to split a marathon. Alice's half-marathon times average 92 minutes with a
standard deviation of 4 minutes, and Sharon's half-marathon times average 96 minutes with a
standard deviation of 2 minutes. Assume that the women's half-marathon times are independent.
The expected time for Alice and Sharon to complete a full marathon is 92 + 96 = 188 minutes. What
is the standard deviation of their total time?
A) 6 minutes
B) 4.5 minutes
C) 20 minutes
D) 2 minutes
E) It cannot be determined.

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

11) Traffic accidents Police reports about the traffic accidents they investigated last year 11)
indicated that 40% of the accidents involved speeding, 25% involved alcohol, and 10%
involved both risk factors. (5 points each)
a. What is the probability that an accident involved neither alcohol nor speed?
b. Do these two risk factors appear to be independent? Explain.
12) SAT prep Surveys indicate that 5% of the students who took the SATs had enrolled in an 12)
SAT prep course. 30% of the SAT prep students were admitted to their first choice college,
as were 20% of the other students. You overhear a classmate say he got into the college he
wanted. What is the probability he didn't take an SAT prep course? (10 points)
13) Bowling A large corporation sponsors bowling leagues for its employees. The mean score 13)
for men was 154 pins with a standard deviation of 9 pins, while the women had mean
score 144 pins and standard deviation 12 pins. At the end of the season the league holds a
tournament that randomly pairs men and women as opponents in the first round. (5 points
each)
a. On average, how much do you expect the man to win by?
b. Estimate the standard deviation of the differences in the competitor's scores.
c. What assumption did you make in determining the standard deviation?

14) Carpet A store selling carpet tracks the amount of square footage sold to its customers, 14)
rounding to the nearest 500 sq. ft. Here is the distribution. (5 points each)

a. What is the average expected area sold?

b. If the average cost of carpet sold is $4/sq. ft., what is the average sale price per customer?
c. If a salesman completes sales to three customers one day, what do you expect his total
sales to be?
Answer Key
Testname: UNIT 4 PRACTICE 2018 NO BINOM OR GEOM

1) C
2) B
3) C
4) B
5) D
6) A
7) D
8) B
9) E
10) B
11) a. 0.45
b. Yes; 25% of all speeding accidents involved alcohol - same as overall.
0.190
12) P(No prep|first choice) = = 93%
0.205
13) a. 10
b. 15
c. The scores for the man and woman are independent.
14) a. 1375 sq. ft.
b. $4125
c. $20,625