HYDROLOGY

AND
HYDRAULIC
REPORT

‘LANGGI’ RIVER
1. INTRODUCTION

Hydrologic and hydraulic design analyses are always conducted in every design of
structures involving rivers, creeks, ditches and waterways in general. The size of the
structure that will be designed and constructed is technically influenced by the results of
these design analyses. Basic to these design analyses are the collection of rainfall data and
maps and conducting ocular as well as carrying out topographic and waterway cross-
section surveys.

2. RAINFALL

This section outlines the different aspects of information utilized in the hydrology and
hydraulic study of ‘Langgi’ River. This includes reference reports and documents as well
as rainfall and climatological data from the archives of Philippine Atmospheric,
Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) to be used specifically
for this project.

The nearest rainfall station reckoned from the project site with consideration of length of
record is situated in Puerto Princesa, Palawan. The Rainfall-Intensity-Duration-Frequency
Data is based on 42 years of record. These data were applied to the hydrologic design study
as presented in below.

Table 1

Table 2
Table 3

Table 4
3. TOPOGRAPHIC MAP

Topographic maps of the project area were secured from (NAMRIA) National Mapping &
Resource Information Authority in the scale of 1:50,000 and 1:250,000. This map was
extensively used for the delineation of watershed areas and determination of the length of
waterways as well as topographical differences in elevation.

Delineation of Catchment Area

The basin area of waterway was delineated from the topographic map produced by
NAMRIA which is basically the main source of information necessary in the determination
of the watershed area. The drainage area was determined with the aid of AutoCAD
software. Delineation of the drainage watershed is done by connecting the high points that
enclosed the limit of drainage area. The continuous line defined is then allowed to intersect
with the road alignment, using the latter as the final line of closure. Catchment Area for
‘Langgi’ River is shown below.

Figure 1 CATCHMENT AREA

4. METEOROLOGICAL DATA

Meteorological data, particularly rainfall data were obtained from (PAGASA) Philippine
Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration.

Climatologic Data

The Climate of the Philippines is tropical and maritime. Characterized by relatively high
temperature, high humidity and abundant rainfall. The Philippine climate is classified into four types
depending on rainfall distribution and pattern and these are also shown as in Figure2. The four
climate types are described as follows:

Type I: Two pronounced seasons. Dry from November to April, wet during the
rest of the year.
Type II: No dry season with a very pronounced rainfall from November to April
and wet during the rest of the tear.
Type III: Seasons are not very pronounced, relatively dry from November to April,
wet during the rest of the year.
Type IV: Rainfall is more or less evenly distributed throughout the year.

Figure 2 CLIMATE MAP OF THE PHILIPPINES

5. DESIGN CRITERIA, DATA AND PARAMETERS:

The design was conducted in accordance with the design criteria and procedures ofthe
Department of Public Works and Highways. The criterion requires that the riverprotection
be designed for 50-year storms. However due to the changes in weather conditions that has
lately affected the country, it was deemed more adequate todesign the protection for 100-
year storms. The other criteria such as the prescribedRun-off Coefficient, freeboard
allowances and other relevant design criteria were also followed.

Reference is made outside of this report, to the DPWH publication on the Design
Guidelines, Criteria and Standards for Public Works and Highways.

River Name CatchmentArea StreamLength,

(Sq.km.) (km.)
‘Langgi’ River 2.08 2.02

Reference is made to Appendix 1 for the delineation of the catchment area of the river.

6. HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC DESIGN METHODS ADOPTED:

From the adopted delineation of the catchment area for the ‘Langgi’ River, it is noted that
the area is less than 20 square kilometers, the design criteria allowing the use of the
Rational Method for Hydrologic Analysis. For the ‘Langgi’ River therefore, the Rational
Method was adopted to compute the design discharge.

Time of Concentration

The time of concentration is defined as the time needed for run off to travel from the most
distant of the catchment area to the design point downstream. The time of concentration of
the catchments are estimated by Kirpich’s formula which

.
=
51 .

where:
Tc = Time of concentration in minutes
L = Length of overland flow in meters
H = Difference in elevation between the
most remote point and the outlet
point in meters

The time of concentration is directly used for run off computation using the Rational
Method.
Rainfall Intensity

The Rainfall Intensity corresponding to each value of time of concentration is based on the
derived Rainfall-Intensity-Duration-Frequency (RIDF) equation in the project area.

The Intensity-Duration formula used in the evaluation is:

b
I = A / (Tc + d)

where:
I = Intensity of rainfall in mm/hr
A = Regression intercept
Tc = Time of concentration in minutes
d = Adjustment factor for best curve fit
b = slope of curve

Rainfall intensity is based on the rainfall data at Puerto Pricesa, Palawan by the Philippine
Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA).

Coefficient of Runoff

The coefficient of runoff that will be applied in the Rational Formula varies according to
the type of surface, slope, soil nature, and rainfall intensity in the catchment area.

Coefficients of runoff are shown on the next page.

Table 6.1 Runoff Coefficients Used with the Rational Formula Description of Area

Runoff Coefficients

Downtown 0.70 to 0.95

Neighborhood 0.50 to 0.70
Residential
Single-family 0.30 to 0.50
Multi-units, detached 0.40 to 0.60
Multi-units, attached 0.60 to 0.75
Residential (suburban) 0.25 to 0.40
Apartments 0.50 to 0.70

Industrial
Light 0.50 to 0.80
Heavy 0.60 to 0.90
Parks, cemeteries 0.10 to 0.25
Playgrounds 0.20 to 0.35
Railroad yard 0.20 to 0.35
Unimproved 0.10 to 0.30

Flow Estimate

Flow estimation of drainage facilities was conducted to determine the size of drainage
system needed to convey the expected surface runoff towards the downstream areas
without inflicting damage to properties and facilities. Flow estimate was derived through
the Rational Formula based on the relationship between rainfall and runoff when the
delineated catchment is less than or equal to 20km2, as follows:

Q = CIA / 360

Where
:
Q = flow rate in cubic meter per second
c = coefficient of runoff
I = rainfall intensity in millimeters per
hour
A = drainage area in hectares
Calculation of the flood water level was conducted through hydraulic simulations to
establish inundations elevations. The calculated inundation elevations will be used as
reference in establishing the finish grade elevation of the development.
Waterway cross sections were generated from the topographic map provided. The
coordinate of each section were derived using Civil 3D, and imported in the HECRAS
Software.

Mean waterway slope was determined from the cross sections upstream and downstream
of the segment considered.

Stream velocity is determined by the Manning’s equation:

V = 1/n R2/3 S1/2

Where:
V = velocity of flow (m/sec)
R = Hydraulic radius
S = slope of stream
n = Manning’s roughness coefficient

Manning’s roughness coefficient “n” was determined based on observed and actual
condition of the area e.g. vegetation cover along river banks, observed type/s of soil along
the riverbed and riverbanks as determined during the field reconnaissance survey. Values
of “n” were obtained from the default table of the HEC-RAS modeling software.
Table 6.2 below illustrates the Manning’s Coefficient of Roughness.

Table 6.2: Manning’s Coefficient of Roughness

Channel Conditions Coefficient of Roughness

General waterway 0.030 – 0.035
Rapid river of wide and shallow river 0.040 – 0.050
Temporary waterway excavated without
0.035
timbering
Three-sided lined channel 0.025
River tunnel 0.023
To determine the inundation levels caused by runoff generated from 50 and 100 year
return periods, the HEC-RAS software was used. HEC-RAS is an acronym for “Hydraulic
Engineering Centre-River Analysis System. The software was developed by the United
States Army Corps of Engineers to perform one-and two-dimensional steady flow
calculations, unsteady flow calculation, sediment transport and scour calculations, among
others. This is commonly used by hydrologists in undertaking river hydraulics analysis
e.g. water surface profile and design flood level.

The HEC-RAS program has the capability to model waterways with and without
structures e.g. single or multiple waterway openings at a single location. The waterway/s
(or structure opening such as bridge or culvert) is modeled within a one-dimensional flow
framework. Waterways are simultaneously analyzed to eliminate variation in flood levels
when adjacent waterways are independently analyzed. Its approach is to evaluate each
channel as a separate entity but the analysis is done simultaneously. Where an event
occurs when the flow of two adjacent channels meet, the waterways are analyzed as one
big waterway. An iterative solution is applied in which an initial flow distribution between
channels is assumed. The flood levels are calculated taking into consideration the
aggregate total conveyance capacity of the waterways analyzed.

By and large, this software is largely anchored on the principles developed by Manning’s
although other parameters were similarly introduced in the analysis. These include but not
limited to, contraction and expansion factor, afflux, and geometry of the waterways.
7. RESULTS OF THE HYDROLOGIC DESIGN ANALYSES:

River Name 50-year Design Discharge

(CMS)
‘Langgi’ River 51.849

River Name 100-year Design Discharge

(CMS)
‘Langgi’ River 58.254

Reference is made to Appendix 2 for the details of the computations of the 50-year and
100-year design discharge using the Rational Method for ‘Langgi’ River.

8. RESULTS OF THE HYDRAULIC DESIGN ANALYSES:

Reference is made to Appendix 3 for the details of the HEC-RAS analysis for ‘Langgi’
River.
 APPENDIX 1

CATCHMENT AREA
DELINEATION ON NAMRIA
MAP
CATCHMENT AREA
 APPENDIX 2

DESIGN DISCHARGE BY
RATIONAL METHOD
 Project : Langgi Return Period 50yr 100yr
Location : Regression Intercept A = 1428.894 1612.343
Subject : Hydrological Characteristics of Watershed Constant for Best Fit d = 7.40 7.47
and Related Discharges Regression Slope b = (0.64) (0.64)

Watershed Elevation Stream Average Time of Rainfall Intensity Run-off Discharge (Rational)
Basin Area Length Slope Concntrn Return Period Coeff. Q
Location Station ΔH UP DN
No. A A Ls S Tc 50yr 100yr C 50yr 100yr
ha km2 m m m m m/m min. mm/hr mm/hr m3/s m3/s

Langgi - 207.83 2.08 53.723 60.000 6.277 2,016.33 0.0266 26.70 149.57 168.04 0.60 51.849 58.254
 APPENDIX 3
HEC-RAS ANALYSIS
OUTPUT
 60
40
80
120
200 140 0
220

360 320 240

340 260 Langgi
400

480
420
460
L a 580
n
540g g
i

520 500

640
660

712.25
 Langgi Plan: Langgi 2/8/2020
Langgi Langgi
12
Legend

EG 100 YRS
EG 50 YRS
WS 100 YRS
Crit 100 YRS
WS 50 YRS
Crit 50 YRS
Ground
10

8
Elevation (m)

2
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Main Channel Distance (m)
 Langgi Plan: Langgi 2/8/2020
Legend

WS 50 YRS
WS 100 YRS
Ground
Bank Sta

700
712.25
680

660

600 640
620

500 520

540

580
460

420
480

400

260 340
280
320
240 360
300

220

200
120

80
40
20
60
 Langgi Langgi
RS = 712.25 RS = 700
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035
12.0 12.0
Legend Legend

11.5 EG 100 YRS 11.5 EG 100 YRS

WS 100 YRS WS 100 YRS
11.0 11.0
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)
EG 50 YRS EG 50 YRS
10.5 10.5
WS 50 YRS WS 50 YRS
10.0 Ground 10.0 Ground
Bank Sta Bank Sta
9.5 9.5

9.0 9.0
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 680 RS = 660
.035 .035 .035 .035 . .035
12.0 11.5 0 Legend
Legend 3
5 EG 100 YRS
11.5 EG 100 YRS 11.0
WS 100 YRS
WS 100 YRS
11.0
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)
10.5 EG 50 YRS
EG 50 YRS
10.5 WS 50 YRS
WS 50 YRS
10.0 Crit 100 YRS
10.0 Ground
Crit 50 YRS
Bank Sta 9.5 Ground
9.5
Bank Sta
9.0 9.0
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 640 RS = 620
.035 .035 .035 .035 . .035
10.4 10.2 0
Legend 3 Legend
10.2 5
EG 100 YRS 10.0 EG 100 YRS
10.0 EG 50 YRS EG 50 YRS
9.8
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

9.8 WS 100 YRS WS 100 YRS

9.6
9.6 WS 50 YRS WS 50 YRS
Crit 50 YRS 9.4 Ground
9.4
Ground Bank Sta
9.2 9.2
Bank Sta
9.0 9.0
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40

Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 600 RS = 580
.035 . .035 . .035 .035
10.5 0 Legend 10.0 0
3 3 Legend
5 EG 100 YRS
5
10.0 9.5 EG 100 YRS
EG 50 YRS
EG 50 YRS
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

9.5 WS 100 YRS 9.0 WS 100 YRS

WS 50 YRS
WS 50 YRS
9.0 Crit 100 YRS 8.5
Ground
Crit 50 YRS
8.5 Ground 8.0 Bank Sta

Bank Sta
8.0 7.5
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)
 Langgi Langgi
RS = 560 RS = 540
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035 .035
9.6 9.6
Legend Legend
9.4 9.4
EG 100 YRS EG 100 YRS
9.2 9.2
EG 50 YRS WS 100 YRS
9.0 9.0
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)
8.8 WS 100 YRS 8.8 EG 50 YRS

8.6 WS 50 YRS 8.6 WS 50 YRS

8.4 Ground 8.4 Ground
8.2 Bank Sta 8.2 Bank Sta
8.0 8.0
7.8 7.8
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 520 RS = 500
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035
9.5 9.5
Legend Legend

9.0 EG 100 YRS 9.0 EG 100 YRS

EG 50 YRS EG 50 YRS
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)
8.5 WS 100 YRS 8.5 WS 100 YRS

WS 50 YRS WS 50 YRS
8.0 8.0
Ground Ground

7.5 Bank Sta 7.5 Bank Sta

7.0 7.0
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 480 RS = 460
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035 .
9.0 9.0 0
Legend 3 Legend
5
8.5 EG 100 YRS 8.5 EG 100 YRS

WS 100 YRS WS 100 YRS

Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

8.0 EG 50 YRS 8.0 EG 50 YRS

WS 50 YRS WS 50 YRS
7.5 7.5
Ground Ground

7.0 Bank Sta 7.0 Bank Sta

6.5 6.5
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40

Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 440 RS = 420
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035 .035
9.0 Legend 9.0
Legend
EG 100 YRS EG 100 YRS
8.5 8.5
EG 50 YRS
WS 100 YRS
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

8.0 WS 100 YRS 8.0 EG 50 YRS

Crit 100 YRS
WS 50 YRS
7.5 WS 50 YRS 7.5
Ground
Crit 50 YRS
7.0 Ground 7.0 Bank Sta

Bank Sta
6.5 6.5
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)
 Langgi Langgi
RS = 400 RS = 380
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035 .035
8.4 8.0 Legend
Legend
8.2
EG 100 YRS EG 100 YRS
8.0 7.5
EG 50 YRS
EG 50 YRS
7.8
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)
7.0 WS 100 YRS
7.6 WS 100 YRS
WS 50 YRS
7.4 WS 50 YRS
6.5 Crit 100 YRS
7.2 Ground
Crit 50 YRS
7.0 Bank Sta 6.0 Ground
6.8
Bank Sta
6.6 5.5
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 373.23 RS = 360
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035 .035
Legend 7.5
Legend
7.6
EG 100 YRS EG 100 YRS
7.4 7.0
EG 50 YRS
7.2 EG 50 YRS
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)
7.0 WS 100 YRS 6.5 WS 100 YRS
6.8 Crit 100 YRS
WS 50 YRS
6.6 WS 50 YRS 6.0
Ground
6.4 Crit 50 YRS
6.2 Ground 5.5 Bank Sta
6.0
Bank Sta
5.8 5.0
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 340 RS = 320
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035 .035
7.5 7.5
Legend Legend

EG 100 YRS 7.0 EG 100 YRS

7.0
EG 50 YRS EG 50 YRS
6.5
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

6.5 WS 100 YRS WS 100 YRS

6.0
WS 50 YRS WS 50 YRS
6.0
Ground 5.5 Ground

5.5 Bank Sta Bank Sta

5.0

5.0 4.5
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40

Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 300 RS = 280
.035 .035 .035 .035 . .035
7.5 7.5 0
Legend 3 Legend
5
7.0 EG 100 YRS 7.0 EG 100 YRS
EG 50 YRS EG 50 YRS
6.5 6.5
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

WS 100 YRS WS 100 YRS

6.0 6.0
WS 50 YRS WS 50 YRS
5.5 Ground 5.5 Ground
Bank Sta Bank Sta
5.0 5.0

4.5 4.5
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)
 Langgi Langgi
RS = 260 RS = 240
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035 .035
7.5 7.5
Legend Legend

7.0 EG 100 YRS 7.0 EG 100 YRS

EG 50 YRS EG 50 YRS
6.5 6.5
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)
WS 100 YRS WS 100 YRS
6.0 6.0
WS 50 YRS WS 50 YRS
5.5 Ground 5.5 Crit 50 YRS
Bank Sta Ground
5.0 5.0
Bank Sta
4.5 4.5
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 220 RS = 200
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035 .035
6.5
Legend Legend
6.6
6.4 EG 100 YRS 6.0 EG 100 YRS

6.2 EG 50 YRS EG 50 YRS

Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)
6.0 WS 100 YRS 5.5 WS 100 YRS
5.8
WS 50 YRS WS 50 YRS
5.6 5.0
Ground Ground
5.4
5.2 Bank Sta 4.5 Bank Sta
5.0
4.8 4.0
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 180 RS = 160
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035 .035
6.5 6.0 Legend
Legend

EG 100 YRS EG 100 YRS

6.0
5.5 EG 50 YRS
EG 50 YRS
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

5.5 WS 100 YRS

WS 100 YRS
5.0 Crit 100 YRS
WS 50 YRS
5.0 WS 50 YRS
Crit 100 YRS
Crit 50 YRS
4.5
4.5 Ground Ground
Bank Sta Bank Sta
4.0 4.0
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40

Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 140 RS = 120
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035 .035
Legend Legend
5.6 5.6
EG 100 YRS 5.4 EG 100 YRS
5.4
EG 50 YRS 5.2 EG 50 YRS
5.2
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

WS 100 YRS 5.0 WS 100 YRS

5.0
4.8
4.8 WS 50 YRS WS 50 YRS
4.6
4.6 Ground Ground
4.4
4.4 Bank Sta 4.2 Bank Sta
4.2 4.0
4.0 3.8
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)
 Langgi Langgi
RS = 100 RS = 80
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035 .035
Legend Legend
5.4 5.4
EG 100 YRS EG 100 YRS
5.2 5.2
EG 50 YRS WS 100 YRS
5.0 5.0
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)
4.8 WS 100 YRS 4.8 EG 50 YRS

4.6 WS 50 YRS 4.6 WS 50 YRS

4.4 Ground 4.4 Ground
4.2 Bank Sta 4.2 Bank Sta
4.0 4.0
3.8 3.8
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 60 RS = 40
. .035 .035 .035 .035 .035
0 5.5
3 Legend Legend
5.2 5
EG 100 YRS 5.0 EG 100 YRS
5.0
WS 100 YRS EG 50 YRS
4.8
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)
EG 50 YRS 4.5 WS 100 YRS
4.6
4.4 WS 50 YRS WS 50 YRS
4.0
4.2 Ground Ground
4.0 Bank Sta 3.5 Bank Sta
3.8
3.6 3.0
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Station (m) Station (m)

Langgi Langgi
RS = 20 RS = 0
.035 .035 .035 .035 .035
5.5 5.5 Legend
Legend

EG 100 YRS EG 100 YRS

5.0 5.0
EG 50 YRS
EG 50 YRS
Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

4.5 4.5 WS 100 YRS

WS 100 YRS
Crit 100 YRS
WS 50 YRS
4.0 4.0 WS 50 YRS
Crit 50 YRS
Crit 50 YRS
3.5 Ground 3.5 Ground
Bank Sta Bank Sta
3.0 3.0
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40

Station (m) Station (m)

HEC-RAS Plan: Langgi River: Langgi Reach: Langgi
Reach River Sta Profile Q Total Min Ch El W.S. Elev Crit W.S. E.G. Elev E.G. Slope Vel Chnl Flow Area Top Width Froude # Chl
(m3/s) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m/m) (m/s) (m2) (m)
Langgi 712.25 50 YRS 51.85 9.00 11.46 11.49 0.000485 0.82 64.04 40.00 0.20
Langgi 712.25 100 YRS 58.25 9.00 11.56 11.60 0.000497 0.86 68.31 40.00 0.21

Langgi 700 50 YRS 51.85 9.00 11.38 11.41 0.000422 1.05 66.37 40.00 0.22
Langgi 700 100 YRS 58.25 9.00 11.49 11.52 0.000439 1.10 70.54 40.00 0.22

Langgi 680 50 YRS 51.85 9.00 11.37 11.41 0.000477 1.11 63.38 40.00 0.23
Langgi 680 100 YRS 58.25 9.00 11.47 11.51 0.000492 1.16 67.53 40.00 0.23

Langgi 660 50 YRS 51.85 9.00 11.06 10.19 11.10 0.000578 1.11 59.44 40.00 0.25
Langgi 660 100 YRS 58.25 9.00 11.15 10.23 11.19 0.000606 1.17 62.99 40.00 0.25

Langgi 640 50 YRS 51.85 9.00 10.02 9.99 10.26 0.009289 2.79 25.10 40.00 0.88
Langgi 640 100 YRS 58.25 9.00 10.09 10.33 0.008532 2.79 27.73 40.00 0.85

Langgi 620 50 YRS 51.85 9.00 10.02 10.12 0.002743 1.52 37.14 40.00 0.48
Langgi 620 100 YRS 58.25 9.00 10.09 10.20 0.002787 1.59 39.69 40.00 0.49

Langgi 600 50 YRS 51.85 8.00 9.80 9.69 10.03 0.006347 2.93 27.15 38.79 0.76
Langgi 600 100 YRS 58.25 8.00 9.87 9.76 10.10 0.006065 2.96 30.00 40.00 0.75

Langgi 580 50 YRS 51.85 7.98 9.53 9.61 0.002428 1.31 39.37 40.00 0.43
Langgi 580 100 YRS 58.25 7.98 9.61 9.70 0.002360 1.37 42.65 40.00 0.43

Langgi 560 50 YRS 51.85 7.95 9.35 9.49 0.003063 1.95 33.59 40.00 0.53
Langgi 560 100 YRS 58.25 7.95 9.44 9.58 0.002894 1.98 37.22 40.00 0.52

Langgi 540 50 YRS 51.85 7.96 9.29 9.36 0.001588 1.36 44.16 40.00 0.38
Langgi 540 100 YRS 58.25 7.96 9.38 9.46 0.001543 1.41 47.87 40.00 0.38

Langgi 520 50 YRS 51.85 7.00 9.00 9.21 0.005178 2.08 25.57 25.60 0.62
Langgi 520 100 YRS 58.25 7.00 9.06 9.31 0.005512 2.22 28.13 40.00 0.65

Langgi 500 50 YRS 51.85 7.00 8.86 9.04 0.003602 2.22 30.93 35.23 0.58
Langgi 500 100 YRS 58.25 7.00 8.93 9.12 0.003670 2.31 33.42 37.11 0.59

Langgi 480 50 YRS 51.85 7.00 8.85 8.90 0.000670 1.09 55.86 40.00 0.26
Langgi 480 100 YRS 58.25 7.00 8.92 8.98 0.000735 1.17 58.47 40.00 0.27

Langgi 460 50 YRS 51.85 7.00 8.83 8.88 0.000643 1.08 55.38 40.00 0.26
Langgi 460 100 YRS 58.25 7.00 8.89 8.95 0.000711 1.16 57.84 40.00 0.27

Langgi 440 50 YRS 51.85 7.00 8.55 8.55 8.82 0.006443 3.08 27.04 40.00 0.79
Langgi 440 100 YRS 58.25 7.00 8.60 8.60 8.89 0.006677 3.20 28.94 40.00 0.81

Langgi 420 50 YRS 51.85 6.99 8.61 8.66 0.000881 1.17 52.07 40.00 0.29
Langgi 420 100 YRS 58.25 6.99 8.70 8.76 0.000905 1.23 55.57 40.00 0.30

Langgi 400 50 YRS 51.85 6.80 8.17 8.25 0.001819 1.43 41.95 40.00 0.40
Langgi 400 100 YRS 58.25 6.80 8.25 8.33 0.001828 1.49 45.03 40.00 0.41

Langgi 380 50 YRS 51.85 5.99 7.38 7.17 7.57 0.004838 2.13 28.25 33.79 0.64
Langgi 380 100 YRS 58.25 5.99 7.45 7.22 7.65 0.004926 2.23 30.40 34.29 0.66

Langgi 373.23 50 YRS 51.85 5.98 7.18 7.18 7.52 0.007841 2.84 22.58 33.56 0.83
Langgi 373.23 100 YRS 58.25 5.98 7.24 7.24 7.60 0.007865 2.94 24.63 33.99 0.84

Langgi 360 50 YRS 51.85 5.45 7.19 7.29 0.001640 1.35 40.53 40.00 0.38
Langgi 360 100 YRS 58.25 5.45 7.27 7.37 0.001706 1.43 43.47 40.00 0.39

Langgi 340 50 YRS 51.85 5.00 7.08 7.24 0.002951 2.09 33.45 40.00 0.52
Langgi 340 100 YRS 58.25 5.00 7.16 7.32 0.002976 2.16 36.30 40.00 0.53

Langgi 320 50 YRS 51.85 5.00 7.10 7.18 0.001298 1.45 45.79 40.00 0.35
Langgi 320 100 YRS 58.25 5.00 7.17 7.25 0.001365 1.52 48.62 40.00 0.36

Langgi 300 50 YRS 51.85 4.99 7.03 7.14 0.002288 1.97 38.46 40.00 0.46
Langgi 300 100 YRS 58.25 4.99 7.10 7.22 0.002323 2.04 41.25 40.00 0.47

Langgi 280 50 YRS 51.85 4.98 6.87 7.06 0.005183 2.67 29.69 40.00 0.67
Langgi 280 100 YRS 58.25 4.98 6.96 7.14 0.004651 2.62 33.18 40.00 0.64

Langgi 260 50 YRS 51.85 4.96 6.80 6.98 0.003298 2.40 32.38 40.00 0.57
Langgi 260 100 YRS 58.25 4.96 6.89 7.07 0.003072 2.39 36.06 40.00 0.55
HEC-RAS Plan: Langgi River: Langgi Reach: Langgi (Continued)
Reach River Sta Profile Q Total Min Ch El W.S. Elev Crit W.S. E.G. Elev E.G. Slope Vel Chnl Flow Area Top Width Froude # Chl
(m3/s) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m/m) (m/s) (m2) (m)

Langgi 240 50 YRS 51.85 4.95 6.75 6.38 6.91 0.002842 2.24 33.57 39.79 0.54
Langgi 240 100 YRS 58.25 4.95 6.85 7.00 0.002700 2.26 37.27 40.00 0.53

Langgi 220 50 YRS 51.85 4.94 6.34 6.46 0.002392 1.72 34.31 30.53 0.47
Langgi 220 100 YRS 58.25 4.94 6.43 6.56 0.002386 1.80 37.16 31.40 0.47

Langgi 200 50 YRS 51.85 4.00 5.91 6.08 0.003554 2.19 29.09 27.20 0.58
Langgi 200 100 YRS 58.25 4.00 5.98 6.18 0.003609 2.29 31.21 27.35 0.59

Langgi 180 50 YRS 51.85 4.00 5.70 5.99 0.006167 3.00 25.46 34.59 0.76
Langgi 180 100 YRS 58.25 4.00 5.74 5.69 6.07 0.006937 3.24 26.92 37.88 0.81

Langgi 160 50 YRS 51.85 4.00 5.59 5.59 5.86 0.006506 2.93 26.55 40.00 0.77
Langgi 160 100 YRS 58.25 4.00 5.63 5.63 5.93 0.006837 3.06 28.31 40.00 0.80

Langgi 140 50 YRS 51.85 4.00 5.49 5.63 0.003768 2.17 32.85 40.00 0.57
Langgi 140 100 YRS 58.25 4.00 5.56 5.71 0.003655 2.20 35.78 40.00 0.57

Langgi 120 50 YRS 51.85 4.00 5.40 5.55 0.004188 2.31 31.69 40.00 0.62
Langgi 120 100 YRS 58.25 4.00 5.48 5.64 0.003814 2.30 35.18 40.00 0.60

Langgi 100 50 YRS 51.85 3.99 5.36 5.47 0.002537 1.77 36.70 40.00 0.48
Langgi 100 100 YRS 58.25 3.99 5.45 5.57 0.002412 1.80 40.26 40.00 0.48

Langgi 80 50 YRS 51.85 3.99 5.22 5.30 0.001803 1.33 42.23 40.00 0.40
Langgi 80 100 YRS 58.25 3.99 5.32 5.40 0.001715 1.36 46.06 40.00 0.39

Langgi 60 50 YRS 51.85 3.92 5.20 5.27 0.001383 1.19 46.04 40.00 0.35
Langgi 60 100 YRS 58.25 3.92 5.30 5.37 0.001340 1.24 49.91 40.00 0.35

Langgi 40 50 YRS 51.85 3.00 5.10 5.24 0.001997 2.03 34.52 29.64 0.45
Langgi 40 100 YRS 58.25 3.00 5.19 5.34 0.002079 2.12 37.22 32.54 0.47

Langgi 20 50 YRS 51.85 3.00 5.03 4.62 5.19 0.002519 2.10 33.01 34.72 0.50
Langgi 20 100 YRS 58.25 3.00 5.12 5.29 0.002530 2.18 36.35 40.00 0.51

Langgi 0 50 YRS 51.85 3.00 4.64 4.64 5.00 0.007662 2.91 21.50 26.72 0.81
Langgi 0 100 YRS 58.25 3.00 4.71 4.71 5.09 0.007857 3.01 23.31 26.95 0.82