Waste water flow

Residential
house

waste water treatment plant

1 bar screens solid filtration pre treatment to make the mixture homogenous
2 grit chambers pre treatment
3 types
horizontal
aerated
vortex

3 clarifiers primary treatment

product is effluent which is slightly treated water

free of soli less than 10microm

water fall from the clarifier weir wall

4 aeration secondary treatment degrade biologocal content

aeration basins waste water + bacteria + aeration = activated sludge

aerobic digestion
 homogenous solid destroys pumps

biologocal content
 steps
1 biomass destruction
biomass needs 5 moles of o2 to oxidized its protoplasm
when oxidized it results to co2 h20 and ammonia bicarbonate

ammonia causes bad odor

2 nitrification
Nitrifying bacteria
Nitrifying bacteria oxidizes ammonia
 but nitric acid is toxic to microorganism

3 denitrification
process in the absense of oxygen
performed by heterotrophic bacteria
in order to remove 1 lb of BOD 1.2 lb of O2 is required

to reduce 1 lb of ammonia to nitrate 4.6 lb of nitrogen

In total
new york city
14 treatment plants
1.3 billion gallons daily - - - - this can fill up the DEAD Sea within 8 years

in 2017, there is estimated 14748 treatment plant in US

76% of US population rely on this plants
data from America Society of Civil engineers