This document discusses physical constants involved in the analysis of continuous structures. It notes that there are three key sets of constants: (1) the change in length of members under axial forces, (2) the rotation of members under bending moments, and (3) the rotation of members under torsional forces. These constants, which represent the deformation of structures under loads, may vary depending on factors like the material properties, member dimensions, magnitude of forces, and duration of loading. Accurate analysis requires understanding how these deformation constants can reasonably be expected to change for different structural conditions.
This document discusses physical constants involved in the analysis of continuous structures. It notes that there are three key sets of constants: (1) the change in length of members under axial forces, (2) the rotation of members under bending moments, and (3) the rotation of members under torsional forces. These constants, which represent the deformation of structures under loads, may vary depending on factors like the material properties, member dimensions, magnitude of forces, and duration of loading. Accurate analysis requires understanding how these deformation constants can reasonably be expected to change for different structural conditions.
This document discusses physical constants involved in the analysis of continuous structures. It notes that there are three key sets of constants: (1) the change in length of members under axial forces, (2) the rotation of members under bending moments, and (3) the rotation of members under torsional forces. These constants, which represent the deformation of structures under loads, may vary depending on factors like the material properties, member dimensions, magnitude of forces, and duration of loading. Accurate analysis requires understanding how these deformation constants can reasonably be expected to change for different structural conditions.
This document discusses physical constants involved in the analysis of continuous structures. It notes that there are three key sets of constants: (1) the change in length of members under axial forces, (2) the rotation of members under bending moments, and (3) the rotation of members under torsional forces. These constants, which represent the deformation of structures under loads, may vary depending on factors like the material properties, member dimensions, magnitude of forces, and duration of loading. Accurate analysis requires understanding how these deformation constants can reasonably be expected to change for different structural conditions.
structure under load, we can analyze it by statics alone. The methods
of analysis serve to make this picture accurate; but unless, after we have analyzed a structure, we can draw its deflected shape, we do not know what we are talking about. Moreover, the exact analysis is no more scientific — though it is more exact — than is the elementary process of drawing a consistent picture of the deformed structure by sketching. No indeterminate analysis — no structural analysis of any kind — is complete until the computer has satisfied himself:
(1) That the forces balance, at least within the accuracy of compu tation used. (2) That he has not overlooked any forces.
Physical Constants Involved in Analysis. An important field of
study is that of the sensitiveness of the structure to variations in the properties of the materials or to other underlying assumptions. All analyses are based on some assumptions which are not quite in accord ance with the facts. From this, however, it does not follow that the conclusions of the analysis are not very close to the facts. Three sets of elementary physical constants are involved in the geometric relations used in the analysis of continuous structures. These are: the change of length, per unit of force per unit of length, in members subject to axial forces; the rotation, per unit of moment per unit of length, in members subject to bending moments; the rotation, per unit of torque per unit of length, in members subject to torsion. Probably these constants should have some special name, although none has ever been assigned to them. Perhaps " constants of deforma tion " is as good a term as any. Understand clearly that these are actual deformations which occur in the structure under the conditions which we are discussing. It will be found in reinforced concrete that they are not invariable for a given member. The rotation, in a given length of concrete beam subject to a given bending moment, per unit of length per unit of moment, will vary with the dimensions of the section, but it will also vary with the magni tude of the moment and with the duration of the moment. This makes it a rather complicated quantity to deal with. These variations are not small. In a given beam of reinforced concrete we may reasonably expect that if the rotation per unit of length per unit of moment is a for a small moment, it may be 2a for a large moment. These values may be doubled if the moment persists for one year, and will increase for any duration of loading. Fortunately, it is usually the relative values of these deformation