This document introduces some of the common problems in the design of continuous reinforced concrete structures, such as determining the maximum moments and shears in a series of continuous girders connected to columns under dead and live loads. It also discusses analyzing wind stresses in buildings and the design of continuous arches and slabs. The main analytical methods covered are the deflected structure method, pressure line method, moment distribution method, column analogy method, and influence lines. The document emphasizes that these tools are not very useful unless used skillfully by designers who can visualize how structures deform under load.
This document introduces some of the common problems in the design of continuous reinforced concrete structures, such as determining the maximum moments and shears in a series of continuous girders connected to columns under dead and live loads. It also discusses analyzing wind stresses in buildings and the design of continuous arches and slabs. The main analytical methods covered are the deflected structure method, pressure line method, moment distribution method, column analogy method, and influence lines. The document emphasizes that these tools are not very useful unless used skillfully by designers who can visualize how structures deform under load.
This document introduces some of the common problems in the design of continuous reinforced concrete structures, such as determining the maximum moments and shears in a series of continuous girders connected to columns under dead and live loads. It also discusses analyzing wind stresses in buildings and the design of continuous arches and slabs. The main analytical methods covered are the deflected structure method, pressure line method, moment distribution method, column analogy method, and influence lines. The document emphasizes that these tools are not very useful unless used skillfully by designers who can visualize how structures deform under load.
the girders can be determined with reasonable accuracy, but there
seems equally good reason to' doubt whether the moments in the col umns can be determined with much accuracy. Nevertheless an effort should be made to include the column effects in the analysis.* Problems in Continuity of Structures of Reinforced Concrete. The most common problem in the design of continuous structures of rein forced concrete is to find the curves of maximum moments and some times of maximum shears on a series of continuous girders, usually rigidly connected to columns, for dead load and for five load uniformly distributed and applied to the girders either directly or through joists or floor beams equally spaced. Commonly the girders and columns are of uniform section for their full length except as this is necessarily modified by the existence of the joint. Sometimes the girder sections are varied by end haunches, which may be either straight or curved. For bridges it is usually necessary to make analyses for moving sys tems of concentrated loads. Wind stresses in buildings are usually determined by approximate " exact " methods, but there is at present an increasing interest in more analyses. The design of arches of reinforced concrete is a problem of a different order from those just outlined. It is not difficult, but it requires a good deal of sound judgment. The analysis of continuous arches on slender piers is a special problem. Continuous slabs are so distinct a field of study that they have not been discussed in this volume. Methods of Analysis. The chief methods of thought used in the book are the methods of the deflected structure and of pressure lines in Chapter II, the method of moment distribution in Chapter IV and later of distribution of shears in Chapter VII. The column analogy is used in Chapters III, V, VII and IX. Influence lines are treated in Chapter VIII. The relative importance of these methods is probably in the order given. These tools are in themselves not very productive; their usefulness depends on the skill and resourcefulness of the man who uses them. Too many students of indeterminate structures hope to progress by acquiring an endless variety of tools and are so busy doing this that they never learn how to use them. The ability of a designer of continuous structures is measured chiefly by his ability to visualize the deformation of the structure under load. * See "Continuity as a Factor in Reinforced Concrete Design," Hardy Cross, Proc. A.C.I., Vol. XXV.