The Dothraki language is a constructed fictional language in George R. R.

Martin's fantasy
novel series A Song of Ice and Fire and its famous television adaptation Game of Thrones. It is
spoken by the Dothraki, a nomadic people in the series's fictional world. The language was
developed for the TV series by the linguist David J. Peterson, working off the Dothraki words and
phrases in Martin's novels.

The Dothraki vocabulary was created by David J. Peterson well in advance of the adaptation.
HBO hired the Language Creation Society to create the language, and after an application
process involving over 30 conlangers, Peterson was chosen to develop the Dothraki language.
He delivered over 1700 words to HBO before the initial shooting. Peterson drew inspiration from
George R. R. Martin’s description of the language, as well as from such languages
as Estonian, Inuktitut, Turkish, Russian, and Swahili.

The Dothraki language was developed under two significant constraints. First, the language had
to match the uses already put down in the books. Secondly, it had to be easily pronounceable or
learnable by the actors. These two constraints influenced the grammar and phonology of the
language: for instance, as in English, there is no contrast between aspirated and unaspirated
stops.

Regarding the orthography, the Dothraki themselves do not have a writing system—nor do many
of the surrounding peoples (e.g., the Lhazareen). If there were to be any written examples of
Dothraki in the A Song of Ice and Fire universe, it would be in a writing system developed in
the Free Cities and adapted to Dothraki, or in some place like Ghis or Qarth, which do have
writing systems.

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
represents Dothraki language pronunciations.
Dothraki has a four vowel system, a (/a/), e(/e/), i(/i/), o(/o/).

There are no diphthongs.

In the A Song of Ice and Fire books, u never occurs as a vowel, appearing only after q, and only
in names, as in Jhiqui and Quaro.
In sequence of multiple vowels, each such vowel represents a separate syllable.
Examples: shierak [ʃi.e.ˈɾak] - star, rhaesh [ɾha.ˈeʃ] - country, khaleesi [ˈxa.l̪ e.e.si] - queen.
The vowels /i, e, o, a/ turn into [e, ɛ, ɔ, ɑ] after /q/. /o/ turns into [ɤ] after dental consonants.[13][14] /o/
can be pronounced as [u] after [g], [k] and [x].

Grammar
Parts of speech
Though prepositions are also sometimes employed, the language is
foremost inflectional. Prefixes, suffixes and circumfixes are all
used. Verbs conjugate in infinitive, past, present, future, two imperatives and (archaic) participle;
they also agree with person, number and polarity. Nouns divide into two
classes, inanimate and animate. They declinein
five cases, nominative, accusative, genitive, allative and ablative. Animate nouns also decline
according to number.[15][16]

Word ordeR
The basic word order is SVO (subject–verb–object). In a basic sentence, the order of these
elements (when all three are present) is as in English: first comes the subject (S), followed by the
verb (V), and then the object (O).
Khal ahhas arakh. The Khal (S) sharpened (V) the arakh (O).
When only a subject is present, the subject precedes the verb, as it does in English:
Arakh hasa.
The arakh (S) is sharp (V).
In noun phrases there is a specific order as well. The order is as
follows: demonstrative, noun, adverb, adjective, genitive noun, prepositional phrase.
Prepositions always precede their noun complements.
1]
 but adjectives, possessor and prepositional phrases all follow the noun:
jin ave sekke verven anni m'orvikoon
this father very violent of.mine with.a.whip
this very violent father of mine with a whip
Adverbs normally are sentence final, but they can also immediately
follow the verb. Modal particles precede the verb.
In the episode "Andy's Ancestry" from the United States television
show The Office, Dwight Schrute created the Dothraki phrase "throat rip"
by placing "throat" in front to make it the accusative. Peterson adapted
that language technique and called it the "Schrutean compound".

SAMPLES
Nevakhi vekha ha maan: Rekke, m'aresakea norethi fitte.
[ˈn̪evaxi ˈvexa ha maˈan̪ ˈrekːe ˈmaɾesakea ˈn̪oɾeθi ˈfit̪ ːe]
seat.GEN exist.3SG.PRES for 3SG.ALL there.ACC with.coward.ALL.PL hair.GEN short
There is a place for him: There, with the short-haired cowards.

^ Examples of demonstratives include:

 rakh haj strong boy (rakh boy, haj strong)

 alegra ivezh wild duck (alegra duck, ivezh wild)
 jin arakh this arakh (jin this, arakh arakh (type
of blade))
 rek hrakkares that
lion (rek that, hrakkares lion)[17]