SIR SYED COLLEGE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES

FOR GIRLS
Annex- A

ASSIGNMENT & FEEDBACK PERFORMA FOR ATTENDANCE

Student’s Name: Zoafshan Ashfaque Qazi D/o: Ashfaque Nabi Qazi

Class Roll No: 101 Enrollment No: JSMU/MBBS/931/SSCMS/2018
Module Name: Endocrinology

Q: What is the topic of Lecture?

Ans: The lecture is about the anatomy of the thyroid gland.
Q: Summarize the lecture.
Ans: Thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland. It is bilobed with an H
shape. A fibromuscular band connects it to the hyoid bone, called levator
glandulae thyroidea.
Extent: It extends from the 2nd to 4th tracheal rings. The lobes extend from
the oblique line of thyroid cartilage to the 5/6th tracheal ring.
Structure: encapsulated by two layers; true and false. True capsule is the
connective tissue of the gland and the false capsule is due to the splitting
of pretracheal fascia and whose medial thickening forms the suspensory
ligament of berry, which suspends it to the cricoid cartilage.

Relations:
 1. Apex: limited by the sternothyroid muscle
2. Base: extends till the 5/6th tracheal rings
3. Laterally: sternothyroid, sternohyoid and superior belly of omohyoid
and anterior border of sternocleidomastoid.
4. Medially: esophagus and trachea, inferior constrictor and
cricothyroid, cricoid and thyroid cartilages.
5. Posterolateral surface: carotid sheath and its contents, ansa cervicalis.
6. Anterior border: related to anterior branch of superior thyroid artery.
7. Posterior border: anastomoses between superior and inferior thyroid
arteries, parathyroid glands.
Blood supply:
1. Superior thyroid artery, a branch of external carotid artery.
2. Inferior thyroid artery, a branch of thyrocervical trunk of the
subclavian artery.
Nerve supply:
1. Upper lobe: external laryngeal nerve (sympathetic)
2. Lower lobe: recurrent laryngeal nerve (parasympathetic)
Venous drainage: superior, middle and kocher’s vein drain into internal
jugular vein and inferior thyroid vein drains into the left brachiocephalic
trunk.
Lymphatics:
1. Upper group: prelaryngeal and upper deep cervical nodes.
2. lower group: pretracheal and lower deep cervical nodes.
Q: Which artery supply thyroid gland?
Ans: Thyroid gland gets its blood supply from two sources.
1. Superior thyroid artery, a branch of the external carotid artery, which
divides into an anterior branch and a posterior branch. The anterior
branch anastomoses with the corresponding artery of the opposite
side and supplies the upper part of isthmus.
2. Inferior thyroid artery, a branch of the thyrocervical trunk of the
subclavian artery, which ascends to anastomose with the posterior
branch of the superior thyroid artery to supply the lobes of the gland.
3. Thyroidea ima artery, a direct branch arch of aorta, which supplies
the lower part of isthmus.