UNIT – 5

PART – A Pattern Mapping

COs
1. what is adobe illustrator used for? Analyze CO1 2

2. List some important tools in Adobe Photoshop Evaluate CO1 2

3. What does photorealistic mean? Understand CO1 2

4. what is prezi? Analyze CO1 2
5. What is Indigo? Understand CO1 2

6. Why is Indigo better than traditional renders? Analyze CO1 2

7. What is Rhino software used for? Remember CO1 2

8. What is mental ray? Understand CO1 2
9. How can you render wireframe with V-Ray? Remember CO1 2
10. what is presentation drawing in architecture. Remember CO1 2
PART – B Pattern Mapping
COs
1 What Is Adobe Photoshop?Pros and cons of adobe Photoshop Understand CO1 16

2 10 Advantages for using VRay for architectural rendering Analyze CO1 16

3. Evaluate CO1 16

What is Adobe Illustrator Used For? what do you

understand about Vector Images

4 What is Rhino 3D? Who can use Rhino 3D? Analyse CO1 16

5 How will you render a Cad- architecture plan in Photoshop? Understand CO1 16
 ANSWER KEY:

PART - A

1. Adobe Illustrator is a premium application used for creating vector graphics

for print or the web. Developed alongside with Adobe Photoshop as a companion
product, Illustrator is the standard for making logos, graphics, comics, fonts, and
much more.

2. Some of the important tools in Adobe Photoshop are:

 Rectangular Marquee Tool (M)

 Red Eye Tool (J)
 Gradient Tool (G)
 Eraser Tool (E)
 Clone Stamp Tool (S)
 Brush Tool (B)
 Healing Brush Tool (J)
 Slice Tool (K)
 Crop Tool (C)
 Magic Wand Tool (W)
 Polygon Lasso Tool (L)
 Move Tool (V)

3. Photorealism is a genre of art that encompasses painting, drawing and other

graphic media, in which an artist studies a photograph and then attempts to
reproduce the image as realistically as possible in another medium.

4. Prezi is a presentation tool that can be used as an alternative to traditional

slide making programs such as PowerPoint. Instead of slides, Prezi makes use of
one large canvas that allows you to pan and zoom to various parts of the canvas
and emphasize the ideas presented there. Prezi supports the use of text, images,
and videos and also provides a collection of templates to choose from to help new
users get accustomed to the interface.

5. Indigo is a software rendering solution. It is an unbiased raytracer that

simulates the physics of light to achieve photorealism from your 3D scenes and
models.
6. Indigo accurately simulates the physics of light which create many realistic
effects that otherwise would have to be manually created. Because of this, it takes
far less set-up time than traditional biased or 'global illumination' renders. Simply
creating a glass object and a light will produce beautiful caustics.
Effects such as:
* Depth of Field – the depth of field (DOF) is the portion of a scene that appears
acceptably sharp in the image.
* Spectral effects – as when a beam of light goes through a prism and a rainbow
of colours is produced
* Refraction – as when light enters a pool of water and the objects in the pool
seem to be “bent”
* Reflections – from subtle reflections on a polished concrete floor, to the pure
reflection of a silvered mirror
* Caustics – as in light that has been focused through a magnifying glass and has
made a pattern of brightness on the floor
7. Rhinoceros, also known as Rhino or Rhino3D, is a 3D CAD modeling
software package that enables you to accurately model your designs ready for
rendering, animation, drafting, engineering, analysis, and manufacturing. Rhino is
a free-form NURBS surface modeler.
8. mental ray Standalone is an offline rendering product. It works
independently of Maya, 3ds Max, 3ds Max Design and Softimage software
through a command-line interface, or acts as the foundation of distributed
rendering solution when used with Maya, 3ds Max, 3ds Max Design or Softimage.
mental ray Standalone is used primarily when additional rendering capabilities are
required beyond the built-in mental ray capabilities of these Autodesk
applications. mental ray is typically used in an internal render farm setup and can
be used to supplement and accelerate interactive rendering (for example, Maya
software’s interactive photorealistic rendering).
9. You can use the VRayEdges texture to get a similar (although not exactly
the same) result.
10. Rendering is the art of adding surface textures and shadows to show the
visual qualities of a building more realistically.
PART – B

1. Adobe Photoshop is a great program for modifying already-created images or

graphics—like photos—and is Adobe's most popular program. Editing photos
is awesome in Photoshop, because it includes a lot of unique filters, special
effects, and tools. 

Pros of Adobe Photoshop software:

 Photoshop is also a popular choice for web graphics, photo editing and
designs since those projects will stay at a fixed size
 Another great benefit of Photoshop is that you can have complete control of
your projects, since you can edit your graphic pixel-by-pixel

Cons of Adobe Photoshop software:

 Raster or bitmap graphics are created in Photoshop and these graphics can
sometimes look a little jagged since raster images are made up of individual
colored squares, known as pixels. Everything in Photoshop is just a series of
pixels, so if you're scaling something up or down, it can lose its quality very
quickly.

2.
 VRay is fast. Real fast.
 It works seamlessly with Rhino, 3DS Max, SketchUp.
  Extensive Material Library and resources.

 A wealth of options.

 It has a steep learning curve, but in a good way.

 VRay is simply the best for realistic visualization.

 Speed of VRay is great for quick animations.

 Real-world material rendering is much more...real-world.

 Light and Shadow are its bread and butter.

 There are plenty of resources for noobs and professionals alike.

3. Adobe Illustrator is a program used by both artists and graphic designers to

create vector images. These images will then be used for company logos,
promotional uses or even personal work, both in print and digital form. So what is
Adobe Illustrator used for? It is typically used to create illustrations, charts,
graphs, logos, diagrams, cartoons of real photographs, and more. While the
program may be difficult to understand initially, the final product will be well
worth the learning curve.

If you’re interested in learning more about Adobe Illustrator, enroll in our

introductory course today! It’ll teach you everything you need to know to get
started.

What is a Vector Image?

Creating vector images allows you to create clean, beautiful works of art that can
be scaled up and down infinitely without ever losing quality. Have you ever
created an image in Adobe Photoshop, and then realized that you should have
created it three times larger than you did? You go into Image Adjustments,
increase the size, and … oops. The image is now pixelated and looks horrible. If
the image was too small to begin with, you’ll need to start all over again. The
same does not remain true for Adobe Illustrator. Unlike the familiar gif, jpeg, tiff,
etc images – known as raster images –  vector images are not made up of a grid of
pixels. They are instead created by paths – a combination of a starting point and
an ending point with a combination of shapes, angles and lines in-between. These
paths relate to each other by mathematical formulas, allowing them to be scaled
and rescaled infinitely.

This makes Adobe Illustrator a more ideal program for companies than Adobe
Photoshop, since they can create images and logos that can be small enough to be
a tiny icon or large enough to appear on a billboard.

What Can You Really Do With Illustrator?

Many people are intimidated by Adobe Illustrator due to the fact that they believe
they have no artistic skill. If you can’t draw on paper, what makes you think you
can draw on the computer? While this self-doubt is certainly not the right way to
look at things, Adobe Illustrator actually doesn’t require any prior knowledge of
drawing or painting. You can use this program to create freehand drawings, but
you can also import a photograph and use that photograph as a guide to trace and
re-color a particular subject – turning it into a work of art that looks as though you
drew it freehand.

As a graphic designer, you can use Illustrator to easily create sleek, aesthetically
pleasing company logos. Do you want to type in a circle around a particular image
or logo? Not a problem! Do you want to type in the shape of the CEO’s head?
You can do that as well, and it’s not as complicated as you’d assume.

Illustrator is not only limited to artists and graphic designers. Those who are
looking to create a website can create a mockup through Illustrator, which they
can use to create vector images that can be used over a wide variety of platforms.
Since it is an Adobe product, Illustrator works seamlessly with other Adobe
Programs in the Creative Suite. After creating your initial image, you can drag it
over into Photoshop to further edit it and apply filters, or drag it over to InDesign
for flawless printing and digital booklets or magazines. Want to turn your
illustration into a game or animation? Import it into Flash and watch it come to
life! You can even add your logo and illustrations to videos or animate them
through After Effects.

4. Rhinoceros 3D, or Rhino 3D, is the world’s most versatile 3D modeller. It

can create, analyse, edit, animate, render, document and translate polygon meshes,
point clouds, solids, surfaces and NURBS curves. Apart from the size of your
hardware, there are no limits to the complexity you can produce with Rhino 3D.
 
Rhino 3D offers the precision needed to design, prototype, analyse, engineer and
manufacture anything from an airplane to jewellery. Its uninhibited free-form 3D
modelling tools are usually only found in products 20-50 times more expensive,
meaning you can model any shape you want.
 
Rhinoceros has been designed to be compatible with a range of design, drafting
and CAM software, as well as engineering, analysis and rendering programmes. It
can also be used with animation and illustration software, presenting a range of
new possibilities to your artwork. For Windows users, Rhino 3D functions as a
development platform for many different modelling products, making it even more
versatile. Rhino 3D has the ability to read and repair meshes, including IGES files,
which can be extremely challenging.

 
Anyone can use Rhino 3D. No special hardware is needed and it’s fast even on a
regular laptop. It’s affordable too, with an affordable price and no maintenance
fees, coupled with the lack of specialist hardware and the short time needed to
learn how to use it, Rhino 3D is the perfect design software. As you can focus on
the design and visualisation aspect of Rhino, quickly learning how to master it,
it’s an insanely accessible product, unlike many other design software packages.

5.
 Convert an AutoCAD DWG file to PDF file
 Fill objects with colors
 Fill objects with patterns
 Adding shadows to the buildings in the context plan in Photoshop
 Improving Photoshop workflow speed by using 2D color fills
 Adding additional textures to the context plan in Photoshop
 Adding landscape entourage (cutout trees) in Photoshop
 Avoid the clone effect with special cutout tree architectural entourage
 Adding shadow effect to the imported cutout trees
 Create water shadows
 Additional grass texture overlay for additional structure
 Adding a concrete texture over the complete context plan
 Adding labels, street names etc.
 UNIT – 1

PART – A Pattern Mapping

COs
1. What are the need and relevance of drawing sets Analyze CO1 2
1

2. What are the stages of design process Evaluate CO1 2

3. What is schematic stage? Understand CO1 2

4. What are the process in design development? Analyze CO1 2
5. What do you understand by the term bidding? Understand CO1 2

6. What are the types of tender? Analyze CO1 2

7. What is statutory approval of building? Remember CO1 2

8. What are the five phases of the design process? Understand CO1 2
9. Remember CO1 2
10. Remember CO1 2
PART – B Pattern Mapping
COs
1 Understand CO1 16

2 Analyze CO1 16

3. Evaluate CO1 16

4 Analyse CO1 16

5 Understand CO1 16

ANSWER KEY:

PART - A
1. Drawings are important because they are used to communicate the
technical details of a project in a common format. The drawings also
become the foundation for future projects and cost savings for customers.
2. as
3. Schematic design is the first phase. In this step, an architect talks with the
client to determine the project requirements and goal. Schematic Design
often produces rough drawings of a site plan, floor plans, elevations and
often illustrative sketches or computer renderings
4.
 Analyze the situation
 Write a brief
 Research the problem
 Write a specification
 Work out possible solutions
 Select a preferred solution
 Prepare working drawings and plan ahead
 Construct a prototype
 Test and evaluate the design

5. Bidding is an offer (often competitive) to set a price by an individual or

business for a product or service or a demand that something be done. ... In
the context of auctions, stock exchange, or real estate the price offer a
business or individual is willing to pay is called a bid.
6. The 4 main types of tenders are:
o Open tender.
o Selective tender.
o Negotiated tender.
o Single-stage and two-stage tender
7. as
8. There are 5 design phases to architectural services. They are (in order)
Schematic Design, Design Development, Construction Documents,
Bidding, and Construction Administration. These phases are the
breakdown of how architects define their design services.