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WCDMA 3G (Inter-Frequency) Handover Principle and Parameters
WCDMA 3G (Inter-Frequency) Handover Principle and Parameters
WCDMA 3G (Inter-Frequency) Handover Principle and Parameters
MEASUREMENT EVENTS
When the estimated quality or strength of the currently used frequency is below a certain threshold,2D Event will be triggered, Then
RNC will initiate the compress Mode to start inter-frequency or Inter-RAT handover measurement.
LINK:- 3G wcdma IRAT handover detail BLOG
During compress mode, if the estimated quality of the currently used frequency is above a certain threshold, 2F Event will be
triggered, Then RNC will stop the compress Mode.
MEASUREMENT EVENTS
Compressed Mode
Purpose
Measure the inter-frequency cell or Inter-RAT cell under FDD mode
Categories
Downlink compressed mode
Uplink compressed mode
Realization Methods
SF/2
Higher layer scheduling
Compressed Mode control is a mechanism whereby certain idle periods are created in radio frames during which the UE can perform
measurements on other frequencies. The UE can carry out measurements in the neighbouring cell, such as GSM cell and FDD cell on
other frequency. If the UE needs to measure the pilot signal strength of an inter-frequency WCDMA or GSM cell and has one
frequency receiver only, the UE must use the compressed mode.
Each physical frame can provide 3 to 7 timeslots for the inter-frequency or Inter-RAT cell measurement, which enhances the transmit
capability of physical channels but reduces the volume of data traffic.
In DL, during compressed mode ,UE receiver can test signal from other frequency. In order to avoid the effect cause by UE
transmitter, compress mode is also used in UL.
The compressed mode includes two types, spreading factor reduction (SF/2) and high layer approaches. The usage of type of
compressed mode is decided by the RNC, according to spreading factor used in uplink or downlink.
Compressed Mode
Link:- Detailed Intra frequency handover blog
Link:- detailed Irat handover blog
Parameter
2D EVENT
Inter-freq CS measure start Ec/No THD
Parameter ID: InterFreqCSThd2DEcNo
The default value of this parameter is -14dB
Inter-freq R99 PS measure start Ec/No THD
Parameter ID : InterFreqR99PsThd2DEcNo
The default value of this parameter is -14dB
Inter-freq H measure start Ec/No THD
Parameter ID : InterFreqHThd2DEcN0
The default value of this parameter is -14dB
Inter-freq CS measure start RSCP THD
Parameter ID: InterFreqCSThd2DEcNo
The default value of this parameter is -95dBm
Inter-freq R99 PS measure start RSCP THD
Parameter ID : InterFreqCSThd2DRSCP
The default value of this parameter is -95dBm
Inter-freq H measure start RSCP THD
Parameter ID : InterFreqHThd2DRSCP
The default value of this parameter is -95dBm
2D hysteresis
Parameter ID: Hystfor2D
The default value of this parameter is 4 (2dB)
2D event trigger delay time
Parameter ID : TimeToTrig2D
The default value of this parameter is D320 (320 ms)
2F EVENT
Inter-freq CS measure stop Ec/No THD
Parameter ID: InterFreqCSThd2FEcNo
The default value of this parameter is -12dB
Inter-freq R99 PS measure stop Ec/No THD
Parameter ID : InterFreqR99PsThd2FEcNo
The default value of this parameter is -12dB
Inter-freq H measure stop Ec/No THD
Parameter ID : InterFreqHThd2FEcN0
The default value of this parameter is -12dB
Inter-freq CS measure stop RSCP THD
Parameter ID: InterFreqCSThd2FRSCP
The default value of this parameter is -92 dBm
Inter-freq R99 PS measure stop RSCP THD
Parameter ID : InterFreqR99PsThd2FRSCP
The default value of this parameter is -92dBm
Inter-freq H measure stop RSCP THD
Parameter ID : InterFreqHThd2FRSCP
The default value of this parameter is -92dBm
2F hysteresis
Parameter ID: Hystfor2F
The default value of this parameter is 4 (2dB)
2F event trigger delay time
Parameter ID : TimeToTrig2D
The default value of this parameter is D1280 (1280 ms)
Handover Measurement
When the UE enters the compress mode, RNC will trigger the inter-frequency handover measurement by two additional measurement
control signaling , so as to request UE test inter-frequency neighbor cell.
In this Measurement control message, RNC should inform the UE inter-frequency measurement parameter (Neighbor list, reporting
mode…)
Handover Measurement
Report Mode
The measurement report mode of inter-frequency handover is configured through the parameter Inter-frequency measure report
mode. By default ,periodically reporting is recommended.
The advantage of periodical measurement report is that if the handover fails, the RNC reattempts the handover to the same cell
after receiving the periodical measurement report from the UE. This increases the probability of the success of inter-frequency
handover.
Based on the measurement control message received from the RNC, the UE periodically reports the measurement quality of the
target cell. Then, based on the measurement report, the RNC makes the handover decision and performs handover.
Inter-Frequency Handover
A.Inter-Frequency Handover Overview
B. Inter-Frequency Handover Procedure
i. Coverage-based inter-frequency handover
ii. QoS-based inter-frequency handover
iii. Load-based inter-frequency handover
iv. Speed-based inter-frequency handover
v. Blind handover Based on Event 1F
vi. Inter-frequency anti-PingPong
vii. Inter-frequency handover retry
3.Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover
QoS-based inter-frequency handover
Procedure of QoS-based inter-frequency handover :
The handover procedure is divided into four phases:
handover triggering
handover measurement
handover decision
handover execution.
Besides the triggering step, the rest 3 steps are the same with Coverage-based inter-frequency handover
In the triggering phase
If the service quality of the current cell deteriorates, the Link Stability Control Algorithm makes a handover measurement decision.
In the measurement phase
The RNC requests the NodeB and the UE to start the compressed mode to measure the qualities of inter-frequency neighboring cells.
Then, the RNC sends inter-frequency measurement control messages.
In the measurement phase, the method of periodical measurement report or event-triggered measurement report can be used.
In the decision phase
After receiving the event 2B measurement reports of CPICH RSCP and CPICH Ec/No of the inter-frequency cell, the RNC performs
the handover. Otherwise, the UE periodically generates measurement reports, and the RNC makes a decision after evaluation.
In the execution phase
The RNC executes the handover procedure.
Note :
About “Link Stability Control Algorithm” :
When the uplink transmit power of the UE or downlink transmitted code power of the NodeB exceeds the associated threshold :
For AMR, a fixed sequence of rate downsizing, inter-frequency handover, and then Inter-RAT handover are performed,
for VP ,Inter-handover handover are performed,
For BE service, rate downsizing, inter-frequency handover, and then Inter-RAT handover are performed according to the configured
sequence