19CUG38 – OOPS WITH C++

Manipulators
in C++
Prepared & Presented By
Mrs.B.Meena Preethi
Assistant Professor
Department of SS
Sri Krishna Arts and Science
College
ODD 2020-21
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 TOPICS TO BE COVERED

 Manipulators in C++

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Manipulators are functions specifically designed to be used in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators on stream objects, for examp

What is a Manipulator ?
 Manipulators are operators used in C++
for formatting output.
 The data is manipulated by the
programmer's choice of display.
 Manipulators are functions specifically
designed to be used in conjunction with
the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>)
operators on stream objects, for example:
 cout<< endl;
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Manipulators are functions specifically designed to be used in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators on stream objects, for examp

Manipulators in C++

Manipulator Declaration in
endl iostream.h
setw iomanip.h
setprecision iomanip.h
setf iomanip.h
setbase iomanip.h

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Manipulators are functions specifically designed to be used in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators on stream objects, for examp

Endl manipulator
 endl manipulator is used to Terminate a
line and flushes the buffer.
 std::endl sends a newline character '\n'
and flushes the output buffer.
 '\n' sends the newline character, but does
not flush the output buffer.

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Manipulators are functions specifically designed to be used in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators on stream objects, for examp

Endl manipulator
Example
#include <iostream.h>
int main()
{
cout<<"USING '\\n' ...\n";
cout<<"Line 1 \nLine 2 \nLine 3 \n"; cout<<"USING end
..."<< endl;
cout<< "Line 1" << endl << "Line 2" << endl << "Line 3" <<
endl; return 0;
}

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Manipulators are functions specifically designed to be used in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators on stream objects, for examp

Output - Endl manipulator

USING '\n' ...
Line 1
Line 2
Line 3
USING end ...
Line 1
Line 2
Line 3

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Manipulators are functions specifically designed to be used in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators on stream objects, for examp

setw() and setfill() manipulators

 setw manipulator sets the width of the filed assigned
for the output.
 The field width determines the minimum number of
characters to be written in some output
representations. If the standard width of the
representation is shorter than the field width, the
representation is padded with fill characters (using
setfill).
 setfill character is used in output insertion operations
to fill spaces when results have to be padded to the
field width.
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Manipulators are functions specifically designed to be used in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators on stream objects, for examp

setw() and setfill() manipulators

 Syntax

setw([number_of_characters]);
setfill([character]);

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Manipulators are functions specifically designed to be used in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators on stream objects, for examp

setw() and setfill() manipulators

Syntax
setw([number_of_characters]);
setfill([character]);

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Manipulators are functions specifically designed to be used in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators on stream objects, for examp

Output

Syntax
setw([number_of_characters]);
setfill([character]);

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Manipulators are functions specifically designed to be used in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators on stream objects, for examp

setf() and setprecision() manipulator

setprecision manipulator sets the total

number of digits to be displayed, when
floating point numbers are printed.

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Manipulators are functions specifically designed to be used in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators on stream objects, for examp

The setprecision Manipulator is

used with floating point numbers.

It is used to set the number of digits

printed to the right of the decimal
point.
This may be used in two forms:
- Fixed
- Scientific

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Manipulators are functions specifically designed to be used in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators on stream objects, for examp

Syntax:
setprecision([number_of_digits]);

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Manipulators are functions specifically designed to be used in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators on stream objects, for examp

Syntax:
setprecision([number_of_digits]);

Example:
cout<<setprecision(5)<<1234.537;
// output will be : 1234.5

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 Integral Stream Base: dec, oct, hex and
setbase
 oct, hex, or dec:
 change base of which integers are interpreted from the stream.
Example:
int n = 15;
cout << hex << n;
 prints "F"

 setbase:
 changes base of integer output
 load <iomanip>
 Accepts an integer argument (10, 8, or 16)
cout << setbase(16) << n;
 parameterized stream manipulator - takes an argument

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 Summary of Manipulators

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 MCQ
1. _____ manipulator is used to Terminate a line and
flushes the buffer.
a) endl
b) “\n”
c) “-”
.
2. _____ is used to set the number of digits printed to the right
of the decimal point.
a) setwidth
b) setprecision
c) setbase
d) All the above
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 MCQ
3. ___manipulator sets the width of the filed assigned for
the output.

a) endl
b) setw
c) Setfill
.4. _____ change base of which integers are interpreted from

the stream
a) setwidth
b) setprecision
c) setbase
d) All the above
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 MCQ
5. __________character is used in output insertion
operations to fill spaces when results have to be padded to
the field width.
a) endl
b) setw
c) Setfill
d) setbase
.

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 INTERACTION
&
QUERIES.

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