Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.

communicabilit Manifestation Procedure and

y prevention
Measles Morbili virus 10-12 days 4 days before Direct Pre-eruptive- Nose and PEN G Bronchopneumoni -Isolation
(Rubeola/Morbilli family of (8-20days) and 5days after contact highly throat Swab ANTIVIRAL: a – most common -Antipyretic
) paramyxoviridae the appearance with contagious UA ISOPRENOSINE and dreaded -↑ OFI
Pathognomonic droplets -3 Cs and 1P CBC Vita A -Bed rest
Sign: Koplik’s Spot -enanthema Complement -6-12mos: 1k -skin care
– bluish-whitish -Stimson’s line fixation or IU PREVENTION:
spot with a red inflammation hemogglutinin ->12mos- -Vaccine
located in the lower eyelid test 5yrs:2k IU -MMR
inner cheek Eruptive-Stage -Live
of skin rashes Attenuated
- Measles
Maculopapular Vaccine
- Exposed:
Cephalocaudal Measles
distribution Immune
Convalescent Serum
-leaves a Globullin
branny
desquamation

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure and
y prevention
German Rubella Virus 2-3 weeks 7 days before -Direct contact Pre-eruptive ▪Viral Isolation ●Symptomatic Encephalitis – SAME WITH
Measles and 5 days after - -↓ grade fever from and most common MEASLES
(Rubella,3days the appearance Transplacental -headache Nasopharyngeal Supportive ●Rubella PREVENTION:
measles) of rashes Transmission -Malaise secretions ●Antipyretic Syndrome Live
George de -Sorethroat ▪Viral serology ●Analgesic ●Mental Attenuated
Malon-1t -Coryza ▪Complement Retardation Rubella
discovered - fixation or ●Eye defects Vaccine
Pathognomoni Lymphadenopath hemogglutinin Exposed:
c Sign: y test Immune
Forscheimer ●Post cervical Serum
Spot – red, ●Postauricular Globullin IM
petechial ●Suboccipital 1wk after
macule on the -Exanthema exposure
surface of soft Convalescent (pregnant
palate -does not leaves a women)
branny
desquamation

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure and
y prevention
Chicken Pox ●Varicella- 10-21 days 2 days before Direct contact Pre-eruptive ▪Determination ●Antiviral: ▪Skin Infxn Symptomatic
(varicella) Zoster the rashes Transplacental ▪Fever of V-Z virus slow down -Erysipelas and
Giovanni ●Herpes appear until all Transmission ▪Headache ▪Viral Isolation vesicle -Cellulitis Supportive
Filippo – 1st varicellae vesicles have Airborne ▪Sorethroat ▪Microscopic formation -Impetigo
discovered -Only to encrusted Eruptive Examination of ▪ACYCLOVIR - PREVENTION:
chicken pox pathogenic to Exanthema Vesicular Fluid DOC ▪Live
humans ▪VESICULOPAPULAR ▪Viral Serology ▪ZOVERAX Attenuated
RASHES ●Antipyretic: Varicella
▪Centrifugal distri NO NSAID Vaccine
▪Celestial Map: REYE’S ▪2 doses @
simultaneously SYNDROME 1month apart
present ●For pruritis ▪MMRV
Convalescent ▪Antihistamine
●Rashes disappear ▪Calamine
lotion
 ▪Soda Bath

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure and
y prevention
Leprosy Mycobacterium ▪Intimate Late Multi drug Health PREVENTION:
(Hansen’s Leprae skin to skin manifestation: therapy RA Education: BCG @ birth
dse) contact Legopthalmos – 4073 ▪Dapsone:
▪Chronic dse Types: ▪Droplet inability to close ▪Paucibacillary: cutaneous
of the skin, 1.Multibacillary- eyelids Rifampacin eruptions, also
and infectious,malignant, Madarosis - (600mg) OD iritis, orchitis.
peripheral papules and nodules loss of month ▪Lamprine:
nerves and 2. Paucibacillary- eyebrows Dapsone Brownish black
nasal mucosa hypopigmented ●Sinking of the (100mg) OD skin
“Living dead” macule bridge of the (6-9mos) discoloration,
Pathog: nose ▪ dryness &
Leonine face Contractures Multibacillary: flakiness
(clawning of Rifampacin, ●Skin Care:
fingers & toes) Dapsone, Prevent injury
●Gynecosmastia Lamprine ●NSG DX
Day1: R:600 D- -Altered body
Slit skin smear- 100 C-300 OD image
demo M. leprae month -Social Stigma
(-) in all site = PB Day 2-28:
(+) in all site = Dapsone 100
MB OD
No. of lesions= Clofazimine
▪2.5 PB (lamprine)
▪> 5 MB
 Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt. and
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure prevention
y
Pediculosis TYPES: ▪Direct contact 1.Intense Permethrin 1% Home care:
a.Pedi capitis - ▪Beddings pruritis, leads (Nix) All fam
head lice ▪Towel to 2nd Pyrethrine members
b.Pedi corporis ▪Clothes and excoriation cmpd (Rid) needs to be
- body lices hair brush 2.Egg (nits) treated
c.Phthirus attached to the Concurrent
pubis – pubic hair shaft Disinfxn
or crabs lice ▪Daily washing
Scabies Sacoptes ▪Intense Permethrin 5%
scabiei mites itching cream (Elimite)
▪Superficial
burrows, bet
fingers surface
of the wrist
and axilla

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt. and
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure prevention
y
Influenza (La Influenza Virus ●1-4 days Adult: ▪Direct ▪Chills RTPCR (Real Influenza A: Atypical ▪ Symptomatic and
Grippe/Flu) ▪Epi and ave of 2 days -Until the 5th day contact ▪Hyperpyrexia Time Amantadine Pneumoia Supportive
pandemic ●24-48hrs of illness up to 7 ▪Indirect ▪Malaise Polymerase HCl ▪Respi Iso
▪H days with object ▪Coryza Chain Rxn) – prevention ▪Bed rest
(Hemagglutunin Children: ▪Airborne ▪Myalgia Confirmatory and tx of RTI ▪Avoid crowded area
) - 16 -Up to10 days ▪GI test Antibiotics:
▪N manifestation: 2nd to infxn PREVENTION:
 (Neuraminidase) N&V ●AH1N1 ▪ Live Attenuated
-9 ▪Oseltamivir Influenza Vaccine
(Tamiflu) ▪Annual vaccination
▪Zanimivir to people at risk like
(Relenza) elderly and
Vaporizer – immunocompromised
reduce persons.
irriation to
respi mucosa

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Procedure Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.
communicabilit Manifestation and
y prevention
Pulmonary TB ▪Mycobacteriu 2-10 weeks ▪Airborne ▪Fever-late Mantoux test/PPD RIPES ▪Adequate
(Koch’s Dse m tb - most ▪Direct afternoon or ▪48-72 hrs result rest
/Consumption/ common invasion, early evening -(+) not ▪Adequate
Pthisis) ▪Mycobacteriu breaks in the ▪Chronic immunocompromise nutirion
Robert Koch – m africanum skin but RARE cough – more d is 10mm or more ▪cover nose
discovered ▪Mycobacteriu ▪Bovine than 2wks -(+) not and mouth
mycobacterium m bovis tuberculosis: ▪Nocturnal immunocompromise when
tuberculosis. ingestion of sweating d is 5mm or more sneezing or
▪Bacterial infxn unpasteurized ▪Chest and ▪Direct sputum coughing
characterized milk or dairy back pain smear microscopy – ▪Oral hygiene
by granuloma products. ▪Dsypnea and Primary diagnostic
formation, hemoptysis stool PREVENTION:
necrosis and ▪CXR ▪Avoid MOT
calcification ▪Sputum Culture – ▪Modalities of
Confirmatory test tx
▪DOTS
 Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complication Nsg mgmt. and
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure s prevention
y
Pneumonia ▪Streptococcus 1-3 days ▪Droplet ▪Chills with rising ▪Chest X-ray – PEN G – DOC ▪Isolation
Edwin Klebs - pneumoniae transmision fever confirmatory ▪Alternative: ▪↑OFI
1st to observe ▪Haemophilus ▪Indirect ▪Chest pain test Clotrimoxazole ▪CPT
in the airways influenzae contact ▪Cough ▪Tetracycline ▪DBTE
>inflammatio ▪Staphylococcus (paroxysmal and and
n of the lung aureus choking) Erythromycin PREVENTION:
parenchyma ▪Klebsiella ▪Abd pain ▪↑calorie diet ▪↑resistance
with pneumoniae ▪Diaphoresis ▪Bronchodilator to infxn
production of (Friedlander’s ▪SINGLE MOST s ▪Vaccination
alveolar bacilli IMPORTANT >Pneumococca
exudates ▪Mycoplasma SYMPTOM IN THE l vaccine
Pathog: Rusty pneumonia DX IS: FAST >Hib vaccine
or prune juice BREATHING
sputum
Diptheria Corynebacteriu 2 – 5 days, Usually 2 weeks ▪Droplet ▪Nasal - ▪Schick’s test – ▪Penicillin- Drug ▪Isolate the
Emil Adolf m diptheriae occasionall and seldom transmission Excoriation of the susceptibility of choice patient
Behring – 1st (Klebs-loeffler y longer more than 4 ▪Indirect upper lip and alae ▪Moloney test ▪Erythromycin- ▪liquid and soft
discovered a bacillus) weeks Contact with nasi with - alternative diet
diphtheria contaminate serosanguinous hypersensitivit ▪good oral
antitoxin d objects secretions y hygiene
> acute febrile ▪Pharyngeal or ▪Monitor for
infection of faucial – pharynx respiratory
the tonsil, (tonsilar, uvular, distress
throat, nose, palatar)
larynx or a ▪Pseudomembran PREVENTION:
wound e – false ▪Immunization
marked by a membrane, a – DPT
patch or grayish, white ▪Proper
patches of color and leathery disposal of
grayish decreases the nasopharyngea
membrane opening of the l secretions
nasopharynx.
▪Laryngotracheal
>more common in
infants

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure and
y prevention
Pertussis Bordetella 7 – 14 days ▪Droplet CATARRHAL
(Whooping pertussis: transmission STAGE– most
cough) Gram (-) ▪Indirect
communicabl
Jules Bordet - coccobacilli Contact with
discovered contaminated e stage
pertussis > Entrance of objects > Frequent
Octave air in the sneezing
Gengou - the epiglottis PAROXYSMAL
first serology STAGE– most
and vaccine of fatal stage
pertusis >intermittent
> contagious episodes of
disease paroxysmal
characterized cough followed
by by an explosive
intermittent expiration
episodes of > vomiting (5-
paroxysmal 10x in succession
cough repeated 20-40x
in a day)
PAROXYSMAL
STAGE
>Force of
coughing
> Popping of
eyeball
> Protrusion of
tongue
CONVALESCENT
STAGE
> reduced

Incidence:
Infants is highly
susceptible
Single attack
usually produces
lifetime
immunity
 Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt. and
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure prevention
y
Hepatits A Hepatitis fecal-oral, Preicteric ▪Hepatitis Meds for ▪chronic ▪ Bed rest
> Infectious oral-anal sex phase: Profile ▪Liver chronic hepatitis ▪ SFF, high CHO
hepatitis, anorexia, function test hepatitis B: ▪cirrhosis
▪ Avoid alcohol
Catarrhal- nausea, RUQ ▪Liver UTZ Antivirals:
and OTC drugs
jaundice pain, malaise, lamivudine,
hepatitis percutaneous, headache, low interferon ▪ Standard
Hepatits B Serum sexual contact, grade fever precaution
Hepatitis mother to Icteric phase:
child, human dark urine PREVENTION:
(infected secretions and (increase Hepatitis B
blood or body stools bilirubin), vaccination
fluids) pruritus, clay
@ 0, 6, 14
Percutaneous, colored stools,
sexual jaundice Post weeks 0.5 cc
intercourse Icteric phase: IM
Hepatitis C malaise,
fatigue,
Post- hepatomegaly
transfusion for several
hepatitis weeks
Mumps Paramyxovirus 14 – 25 days 7 days before ▪ Pain and ▪Viral Isolation Analgesic Orchitis - most PREVENTION:
>Viral Paroritis and 9days after swelling in ▪Blood Exam Antipyretic dreaded MMR
>Epidemic ▪(Saliva- the onset of front and ▪Viral Serology Moist heat complication in Avoid MOT
Parotitis source of parotid swelling below the ear ▪Serum and cold males
>Infectious infection) ▪ Earache Amylase application Oophoritis - in
Parotitis ▪Determination females
▪ Dysphagia
Test
▪ Low-grade
fever
 ▪ Myalgia

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure and
y prevention
Cholera (El Vibrio coma or From a few As long as ▪Rice-watery Stool or ▪Correction of
Tor) vibrio cholera hours to 5 microorganisms stool vomitus dehydration
Violent days (average are present in (pathognomoni culture and fluid
dysentery 3 Deficit: of 3 days) the bowel c sign) Serum imbalance
Waldemar > Severe excreta ▪ Washer electrolytes ▪Antibiotics-
Haffkine - dehydration woman’s hands Dark field or Tetracycline
developed first and ECF Phase (drug of
cholera ▪ Cramping of Microscopy choice)
volume deficit the extremities
vaccine in July
> Hypokalemia (hypokalemia)
1892. Filippo
Pacini (1854) - > Metabolic ▪ severe
V. cholerae acidosis dehydration
was first
isolated
Kiyoshi Shiga
(1897) -
discovered
Shigella
bacteria
causing
dysentery
 Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure and
y prevention
Typhoid Fever Salmonella ▪Variable As long as the ▪Fecal – oral Gradual onset ▪Typhidot Chloramphenico ▪Enteric
>Gram (-) Typhi ▪Usually 1 – 3 bacilli appears in route A-norexia and exam – l – drug of choice isolation
>Pathogenic weeks, the excreta ▪Ingestion of abdominal pain confirmtory ▪Increase oral
only to man *3 cardinal average: contaminated B-radycardia fluid intake
C-onstipation
Pathog: Rose signs of 2weeks food and ▪Widal Test - ▪Concurrent
D-iarrhea, D-
Spot Pyrexial water 5 F’s – screening disinfection
evelop skin
>Rose Spot fingers, feces, eruptions on the ▪Intake and
>Fever flies, food, abdomen, back output
>Enlarge fomites and chest (ROSE ▪Vital signs
spleen SPOTS)
E-nlarged spleen
F-ever and chills
G-eneralized
body weakness
H-eadache

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.
communicability Manifestation Procedure and
prevention
Schistosomiasi Schistosoma Intermediate Stages: Skin ▪Portal Kato-katz – Praziquantel ▪endemic
s japonicum – Host: Snail ▪Adult female and penetration hypertension stool (biltricide) – areas should
>Bilharziarsis most common (Oncomelania male parasites by cercaria and signs of liver Circumoval drug of avoid
>Snail fever in the Phil quadrasi) ▪Ova cirrhosis precipitin choice exposure to
▪endemic Schistosoma Miracidium – infective ▪Diarrhea with test (COPT) – fresh water
protozoan mansoni – About 2-6 stage in snails bloody stools specimen is Oxamniquine that is likely to
infection that Africa weeks from ▪Cercaria – infective ▪Abdominal pain blood (vansil), be
affects the liver Schistosoma skin stage in man and ▪Anemia HBT – UTZ metrifonate contaminated
and GIT haematobium – penetration animals Liver ▪No accepted
▪obstructive Middle east, function prophylactic
jaundice and Iraq & Iran tests regimens
liver cirrhosis ▪Eradication of
Pathog: snails
swimmer’s itch
Helminths 4.Tapeworm INGESTION
1.Pinworm - Taenia saginata
Enterobius, - raw beef MOT: Skin penetration
Seatworm s/s: Taenia solium - 1. Hookworm
Nocturnal raw pork (Ancyclostomiasis) 2.
itchiness of Diphyllobotriu Threadworm
anus (female m latum – raw (Strongyloidiasis)
pinworm lays fish
eggs on the 5.Lung fluke –
anal sphincter) Paragonimiasis
2. Giant MOT: Raw
Roundworm mountain crab
(Ascariasis)
Potbelly
3. Whipworm
(Trichuriasis )

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt. and
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure prevention
y
Leptospirosis (Leptospira 6-15 days Found in the ▪Ingestion or Septic Stage ▪Leptospira Penicillin G – ▪Renal ▪Darken
>Weil’s interrogans) urine between contact with >febrile lasting Antigen- drug of choice interstitial patient’s room
disease 10 to 20 days the skin and for four to antibody test ▪Ampicillin, tubular ▪Isolate the
>Canicola >Naninirahan after the onset mucous seven days. (LAAT) – Amoxicillin necrosis that patient, urine
Fever sa kidney membrane >Abrupt onset confirmatory ▪For result to renal must be
>Mud Fever ▪mucous prophylaxis, failure (Weil’s properly
>Hemorrhagic membrane of of remittent ▪(Elisa) – doxycycline disease) disposed of
jaundice the eyes, fever immune ▪Cardiovascular ▪Observe
>Swineherd’s nose, and Immune or system Peritoneal problems meticulous skin
Disease mouth, and Toxic stage Dialysis ▪Respiratory care
through a >Iritis Distress ▪close
break on the >Headache surveillance.
skin. >Meningeal
manifestations
▪Disorientation PREVENTION:
▪Convulsions ▪Sanitation
▪CSF findings ▪ Animals must
of aseptic be vaccinated
meningitis.
>Shock, coma
Convalescent
Stage
> relapse may
occur during
the 4th to 5th
week

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt. and
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure prevention
y
Poliomyelitis Legio 7 – 3 5days ▪ Risk of ▪fecal-oral: ▪Lumbar tap Signs and Sx ▪Strict
>Infantile debilitans spreading the through saliva, (pandy’s test) 1.Inapparent/ isolation,
>Heine-Medin microorganism vomitus and ▪EMG Subclinical enteric
Dse Type I – is highest during feces ▪Stool exam Stage - precaution
Brunhilde: the prodromal ▪ Direct asymptomatic ▪Firm and non-
Types of permanent period contact from stage (90-95%) sagging bed
Paralysis immunity; ▪ found in throat one person to 2. Abortive ▪Analgesics /
 most secretions as another (Minor Illness Hot moist
Bulbar paralytogenic early as 36 hours ▪Ingestion Stage) - Low compress
◦ Respiratory Type II – and in the feces through of lumbar ▪Hand roll –
paralysis Lansing: 72 hours after contaminated backache/ claw hand
Spinal temporary exposure to food cervical ▪Trochanter
◦ Paralysis of immunity infection. stiffness on roll – outer
the upper and Type III – Leon: ante-flexion of rotation of the
lower temporary spine femur
extremities immunity 3. Major Illness ▪Protective
and intercostal Stage devices
muscles > Non-
Bulbospinal paralytic/ pre-
◦ neurons both paralytic or
in brainstem meningitic
and the spinal type
cord ▪ Poker spine
(stiffness of
the back)
> Paralytic
▪(+) hoyne’s
sign: head
drop
▪ (+) kernig’s
and brudzinki
signs

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt. and
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure prevention
y
Rabies Rhabdo virus ▪10-14 days ▪Bite of an Dumb stage - ▪Fluorescent Anti – rabies ▪Provide a dim,
>Lyssa >a bullet- (dogs) infected quiet, stays in rabies anti vaccination of quiet and
>Hydrophobia shaped virus ▪1 day – 5 yrs. animal corner with body (FRA)- animal and nonstimulating
with strong (humans) ▪Licking of copious Confirmatory exposed room for the
Source of affinity to CNS open wounds salivation test individual patient
infxn: saliva of tissues ▪Scratch of a Furious stage – ▪Brain biopsy ▪Provide a dim,
infected rabid animal easily agitated, of the animal quiet and
animals or ▪Man to man hydrophobia (Negri bodies) nonstimulating
human transmission Prodromal / ▪14 days room for the
(10%) Invasion stage observation of patient
>Mental the animal ▪Stimulation of
depression, any senses by
headache, sore fluids must be
throat, low- avoided
grade fever ▪Anti – rabies
◦Copious vaccine
salivation
◦Quiet
Excitement
stage- Restless, PREVENTION:
irritable, Immunization
Hydrophobic, Keep away
Aerophobic, from stray
Drooling of animal
saliva
Paralytic
>Flaccid
ascending
symmetric
paralysis
>Coma, death
 Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt. and
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure prevention
y
Tetanus Clostridium 3 days – 3 > Soil Through Neonates Clinical ▪Pen G, Nsg Dx ▪ Keep the
>Lock jaw tetani weeks in adult > Street dust breaks in the > Stiffness of manifestation Metronidazole ▪ Ineffective room dim and
>Morbu > Animal and skin and jaw ▪ Diazepam breathing quiet. Avoid
Gallicus 2 types of 3 – 30 days in human feces mucous > Excessive of History of pattern related stimuli of
toxin: new born > Rusty membranes crying wound to muscles spasm
Pathog: Risus > materials > Difficulty in spasm and ▪ Avoid
sardonicus tetanospasmin sucking neurologic unnecessary
> tetanolysin Adult impairment. handling
> Trismus ▪ Risk for injury ▪ Close
> Risus related to monitoring of
sardonicus muscle v/s and muscle
> Opisthotonus spasms. tone
> Low grade ▪ Provide
fever, adequate
diaphoresis airway

PREVENTION:
Immunization
with tetanus
toxoid for
adults
DPT for babies
and children

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure and
 y prevention
Meningitis Neisseria 3 – 6 days As long as the Respiratory ▪ CSF Analysis Penicillin G- drug ▪Bronchitis ▪Respiratory
> meningitides microorganism droplets Petecchial/purpuri of choice ▪Pneumonia Isolation: 24
Cerebrospinal Streptococcus is present in the Direct c rashes ▪Otitis media/ hours after
fever pneumonia discharges invasion ▪ Signs of Alternative: Mastoiditis onset of
Haemophilus through increased ICP Chloramphenicol ▪Blindness antibiotic
therapy
Pathog: influenza otitis media ▪Signs of >Mannitol ▪Hydrocephalu
▪Provide non-
Nuchal Streptococcus May result meningeal >Pyrentinol/ s
stimulating
Rigidity agalactae and after a skull irritation Encephabol CNS
environment
Listeria fracture, >Kernig’s sign stimulant
▪seizure
monocytogene penetrating >Nuchal rigidity Anticonvulsant: precaution
s head wound >Opisthotonus ▪Diazepam
>Brudzinski’s sign ▪Phenytoin PREVENTION:
▪Late Signs (Dilantin) ▪ Rifampicin-
>Decerebration Corticosteroid prophylactic
>Decortication ▪Prednisone treatment
▪Dexamethasone ▪ Alternative:
Ciprofloxacin

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure and
y prevention
Dengue Group B 6 – 7 days female AEDES Grade I: Platelet Antipyretic/ Shock ----> 4’s
> Breakbone fever Arbovirus AEGYPTI Symptomatic Count: Analgesic: Do DEATH >Search and
> Dandy fever (I,II,II,IV) and Supportive Confirmatory not administer destroy
> Infectious > + Herman’s test NSAID for >Self
Thrombocytopeni Flavivirus Sign: Flushing Result: Fever protection
c purpura of the skin 100,000 measures
> H-fever > + Tourniquet cells/mm3 IVF >Seek early
Test (Rumple a.Protocol for consultation
Leeds Test) Tourniquet Fluid >Say no to
Grade II: Test- correction indiscriminate
Manifestations Presumptive with NO fogging
of grade I plus diagnosis; SHOCK
spontaneous detects ▪ IVF
bleeding – BED capillary Crystalloids-
REST fragility D5LR or D5 0.9
> Petechiae or NaCl or PLR at
ecchymosis > Dengue NS1 5-7 ml/kg/hr
> Gingival Ag b. Protocol for
Bleeding > Dengue Duo fluid
> Ground correction
coffee colored with SHOCK
vomitus ▪IVF
> Crystalloids-
Hematemesis PLR or P 0.9
> NSS at
Hematochezia 20ml/KBW IV
Grade bolus in
III:circulatory c. if no
failure improvement
-Monitor V/S ▪Colloids-
and Watch out Dextran,
for Haemacel,
complication Haesteril at
of shock 10ml/kg bolus
> Hypotension in
& narrowing of d. Still no
pulse pressure improvement
> Weak and ▪Fresh Frozen
thready pulse Plasma at
 GRADE IV: 15cc/kg in 2
Manifestations hours and
of Grade III start inotropes
plus Dopamine 7-
ShockPROPER 15 ug/kg/m
POSITIONING
> Undetected
BP and pulse

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt. and
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure prevention
y
Malaria ▪Plasmodium ▪Bite of ▪Cold stage: Malarial ▪First line: Cerebral PREVENTION:
>“AGUE” falciparum – infected severe smear: Artemether- Malaria >
>King of most serious female recurrent chills Confirmatory lumefantrine CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS
Tropical malarial ANOPHELES ▪Hot stage: test combination Blackwater ▪Doxycycline: 1 day
Diseases infxn mosquito fever 4-6 hrs. tablet fever before going and 4 weeks
>tropical ▪Plasmodium ▪blood ▪Wet stage: Quantitative ▪Second line: > check urine after leaving malaria
and vivax – non- transfusion profuse Buffy Coat Chloroquine, endemic area
subtropical life- ▪Contaminated sweating 2-4 (QBC)/ Rapid Primaquine ▪Chloroquine: 1 week
areas threatening needles and hrs. Diagnostic Pyrimethamine before going and 4 weeks
▪Plasmodium syringes ▪Early signs of Test (RDT) and after leaving malaria
VECTOR: malariae – ▪Congenital anemia: Sulfadoxine endemic area
●Female less transmission repeated ●For ▪Mefloquine: 2-3 weeks
Anopheles frequently (RARE) chronic before going and 4 weeks
Complicated
mosquito ▪Plasmodium symptoms: after leaving malaria
Malaria: Multi
ovale - rare CBQ endemic area
drug resistant
type of >Malaise Falciparum:
protozoan >Splenomegaly Artemether
species. >Hepatomegaly 20mg/ ZOOPROPHYLAXIS
 Lumefantrine >to divert attention of
120mg (C0- mosquitoes
Artem) >Tilapia
▪Erythrocyte
Exchange ▪No vaccine yet
Transfusion ▪Chemically-treated
mosquito nets
▪Larvae-eating fish
▪Environmental
Sanitation
▪Anti-mosquito soap
▪Natural anti-mosquito
plants

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Procedure Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.
communicabilit Manifestation and
y prevention
Filiariasis >Wuchereria 8-16 months Bite of Acute Stage: Nocturnal blood exam Diethlycarbamazin
bancrofti – Aedes Lymphadenitis e citrate (Hetrazan)
poecilius Immunochromatographi - DOC
affects the Lmphangitis
c test (ICT)
lymph nodes Funiculitis,
and lymph orchitis,
vessels of the epididymitis
legs.
>Brugia Chronic Stage:
malayi – H-ydrocele
below the E-lephantiasis
knee and L-ymphedema
below the
elbows,
common to
 man.
>Brugia
timori
>Loa loa

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complication Nsg mgmt. and
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure s prevention
y
AIDS Group: VARIABLE ▪Blood Minor Signs: ● ELISA Reverse THE 4 C’s Health
disease of the Group VI transfusion ▪Persistent cough transciptase ●Compliance Educations:
human immune (ssRNA-RT) Time from ▪Breastfeedin for one month ● Western blot : ●Counseling 1.Know the
system caused by Family: infection to g ▪pruritic – confirmatory • ●Contact patient
the human Retroviridae the ▪Perinatal dermatitis Zedovudine tracing 2.Avoid Fear
immunodeficienc Genus: developmen transmission ▪Recurrent Common (ZDV) – ●Condoms tactics
y virus (HIV) Lentivirus - t of ▪Homosexual opportunistic Retirvir • 3.Avoid
herpes zoster
“slow viruses” detectable relationship infxns Zalcitabine judgmental and
antibodies is ▪Sexual ▪Oropharyngeal – Havid moralistic
Adult: 2 major & generally 1 contact candidiasis 1.Pneumocystiti • Stavudine messages
1 minor Infects vital -3 months, ▪Contaminate ▪herpes simplex s carinii – Zerit 4.Avoid
Child: 2 major & cells: the time d syringe ▪lymphadenopath pneumonia •Lamivudin judgmental and
2 minor >Helper T from HIV ▪ 2.Oral e -Epivir moralistic
y
cells(specificall infection to candidiasis • messages
Major Signs:
y CD4+ T cells) diagnosis of 3.Toxoplasmosi Nevirapine 5.Use positive
▪Loss of weight
>macrophages AIDS has s of the CNS – Viramune statement
▪Chronic diarrhea
>dendritic cells been 4.Oropharynge •
observed ▪Prolonged fever Didanosine - PREVENTION:
al candidiasis
range of less Videx ●Standard
5.Pulmonary /
than 1 year precaution
to 15 years extra – Non – ●Safe sex
pulmonary
or longer reverse: ●Condoms
tuberculosis •Efavirenz ●Circumcisions
 6.Cancer •Delavirdin ●MONOGAMOU
>Kaposi’s e S RELATIONSHIP
sarcoma
>Cervical Highly
dysplasia and active:
cancer antiretro
>Non – Hodgkin’s therapy
lymphoma

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure and
y prevention
Gonorrhea Neisseria 2-3 days with ●Contact with IN WOMEN: In Female: OPTHALMIA PREVENTION
>Flores gonorrhoeae most exudates from ▪Red swollen THAYER NEONATORUM AND
Blancas Gram negative symptoms the mucous vulva MARTIN CONTROL:
diplococci occurring ▪Erythema of MEDIUM Ceftriaxone ▪Sex education
membrane of
between 4-6 infected the cervix (Rocephin) ▪Case finding
days persons ▪Dysuria and In Male Doxycycline ▪Contract
●Also be dyspareunia Gram Staining >uncomplicate tracing
transmitted ▪Yellowish- d gonorrhea in
through green purulent nonpregnant
fomites discharges patients
●Uterus upon >Infection can Ceftriaxone
affect the: (Rocephin)
rupture of the
◦Uterus Erythromycin
membranes
◦Fallopian >pregnant
●Direct tubes women with
contact with ◦Ovary gonorrhea
contaminated ●Development
vaginal
of Pelvic Ceftriaxone
secretions of
 the mother Inflammatory with
Disease (PID) doxycycline or
IN MEN: azithromycin
▪Yellowish >areas with
discharge from coinfection
the penis with Chlamydia
▪Epididymitis
▪Dysuria and
discharges
▪Urethritis

Diseases Etiologic Incubation Period of MOT Clinical Diagnostic Medical Tx Complications Nsg mgmt.
communicabilit Manifestation Procedure and
y prevention
Syphilis Treponema 10-90 days, CLINICAL: ▪sexual PRIMARY ▪VENEREAL Penicillin G
>Lues pallidum- a average of 3-6 contact SYPHILIS DISEASE Benzanthine
Venereal Gram (-), weeks LATE BENIGN ▪indirect >direct sexual RESEARCH IM
>Morbus motile ▪Develops 1-10 contact with contact with the LABORATORY >1ST choice
gallicus spirochete years after articles freshly infectious lesions (VDRL) TEST treatment for
infection soiled with of a syphilitic ▪FLUORESCENT all
▪appear on the discharges or person TREPONEMAL manifestations
blood >10-90 days after ANTIBODY of syphilis
skin, bones,
containing the initial ABSORPTION
mucous
▪Congenitally exposure, a skin (FTA-ABS) – Oral
membranes,
lesion appears at CONFIRMATOR tetracycline or
upper through the
the site of contact Y doxycycline
respiratory tract, placenta of a
usually the ▪DARK FIELD >nonpregnant
liver, or stomach syphilitic
GENITALIA ILLUMINATION patients who
mother
CHANCRE: TEST – MOST develop
GUMMA
▪firm, painless EFFECTIVE allergy to
▪chronic, skin ulceration penicillin
superficial localized at the
nodule, or deep point of initial
granulomatous exposure to the
lesion that is spirochete ▪Often
solitary, on the penis,
assymetric, vagina, or rectum
painless, and ▪4-6 weeks and
endurated usually heals
without
treatment
▪associated with
lymphadenopath
CARDIOSYPHILIS
y
▪Aorta is the
most affected SECONDARY:
part ▪approximately
▪Aortitis and 1-6 months after
Aortic the primary
regurgitation infection
▪Aneurysm ▪mucocutaneous
lesions and
generalized
lymphadenopath
y

RASHES:
▪Symmetrical,
reddish-pink,
non-itchy
▪Usually on the
trunk and
extremities and
can involve the
palms of the
hands and soles
of the feet

▪Mucous patches
may also appear
on the genitals or
in the mouth
▪Flu-like
symptoms

CONDYLOMA
LATA
▪Highly
contaminated
pink, or grayish-
white lesions
▪Commonly seen
on the moist
areas of the body,
like the
perineum, vulva,
rolls of fats in the
scrotum.
LATENT SYPHILIS
▪No clinical
symptoms, but
serologic test
proves to be
reactive