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    To all our customers Regarding the change of names mentioned in the document, such as Mitsubishi Electric and Mitsubishi XX, to Renesas Technology Corp. The semiconductor operations of Hitachi and Mitsubishi Electric were transferred to Renesas ‘Technology Corporation on April Ist 2003. These operations include microcomputer, logic, analog and discrete devices, and memory chips other than DRAMs (flash memory, SRAMSs etc.) Accordingly, although Mitsubishi Electric, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Mitsubishi Semiconductors, and other Mitsubishi brand names are mentioned in the document, these names. have in fact all been changed to Renesas Technology Corp. Thank you for your understanding, Except for our corporate trademark, logo and corporate statement, no changes whatsoever have been made to the contents of the document, and these changes do not constitute any alteration to the contents of the document itself. Note : Mitsubishi Electric will continue the business operations of high frequency & optical devices and power devices Renesas Technology Corp. Customer Support Dept April 1, 2003 =ENESAS Renesas Technology Corp. MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL DESCRIPTION 'MS1995A is the primary switching regulator controller which ie ‘especially designed to get the regulated DC vollage from AC power supply. This IC can directly drive the MOS-FET with fast rise and fast fll output pus. Type M51995A has the functions of not only high frequency OSC ‘and fast output dive but also curtent limit with fast response and igh sensibly so the tue “last switching regulator can be realized. It has another big feature of curent protection to short and over current.owing to the integrated timer-ype protection circuit few parts are added tothe primany si ‘The MS1995A is equivalent to the MS1977 with externally ro- settable OVP(over voltage protection)ircut FEATURES (© S00Kt2 operation to MOS FET Output curent 22 ‘Output rise time 6ons,all time 40ns foaled totempole output method wit smal through current © Compact and lightweight power supply Small startup current, 0, typ. “ig dtference between “start-up voltage" and stop voltage" ‘makes the soothing capacitor ofthe power input section small Start-up threshold 16V,stop voltage 10 ‘Packages with high power dissipation are used to withstand the heat generated by the gate-crive current of MOS FET. 16.pin DIP.20-pin SOP 1 5Wiat 25°C) © — inte 7 FSD EMITTER osciuaren cxracmanes cs) CT er 5 | raion) Ghamuatos [| aimearon [oof AaTioN axe, Fret ncrion | wO ¢ | O- cue “us o {cuRSN unr) -cuntent Lar INTERMITTENT OpERATION DETERMINE CAPACITANCE ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Symbol Paraneter Conan Falngs Om Voo__| Supply voiage 36 v Ve | Collector vetage 38 v Peak a2 bi hnitadiaahdl ‘Continuous: 40.15, A Var | VF trina vege Veo v Vonom | ON/OFF tonnial vaiago Vee v Yeux | CNenrinal vtiage “40% +40 v ‘eum | CuMtetenninal voltage 0310 +40 v tove | OVP terminal curent 3 ma ‘oer —[ DET rina vege 6 v TET | DET leminal input curent 5 ma Vis [Fe termina wage 0-10 v Troe [TON tarinel input eurant a ma ros [OFF terminal input eurent 2 mA Pa | Power dsspation 15 Ww Ke | Thermal decating factor 12 mW Test | Operating torperature Bo 188 c Tay Storage temperature A010 6125 °C 1 Junction tomperature 150 c Note 1.14" sign shows the direction of curent ow ito the IC and sign shows the current flow rom the I. 2 This terminal has the constant vllage characteristic of 8 to BV, when currents supplied from outside. The maximum allowable voltage is BV when the constant voltage is applied fo this terminal And maximum allowable current int is terminal is 5A. ‘The low impodance voltage supply should not be applied to the OVP terminal (zie) RENESAS MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Voc-18V, Ta-25°C, unless otherwise noted) RENESAS = is) et em =e a es a a pe aE Pee 2 [ove | Siemeacmeaere aNoo=Veetsramn Veoison so | 63 | ze | v Z Vente See a | samhhiniab ‘Voc=14.5V,-30=Tas85°C 40, 90 190 [yA & [eco ‘Operating circuit current ‘Weo=30V 10 | 15 | 21 | ma wey see _ Se ane ae vey Stet Elmo [ommammnimoram eer oe is [a0 [mk Teco | GrewteurentinOvPawie [Yee a3 [an ao ma os Paw Poel rece er a ee ee pace oxo ones eee no our aren Faiembal sparen or brae ap aa pace eee ma ee arte a B [ais [tana diome been nerind oan | Aie-Famo- PRIN 135 [0.08 [-070| ma 2 Sa Se Se eet = eee a i liner | Input curent of detection amp ‘WoeT=2.5V 40 | 30 | HA a ee oe Se at ae a oe a ta 5 eee oes 8 Kiccser | omer sre verge owen | Sepa ™™ caleml. |v ‘Vecovrc | operation stop and OVP reset nigh imp » 56 | 120 _ ® Immoveo | Curent from OVP terminal for Weo=20¥ Sl ee es pA a =a aes foots = IS ; Pe eee B | tnveca | timer charge current Tasd5C ae | =127-[ 94] wa F Ta=85°C 147 | -105 | -78 fir OF wei ine nc eae Se a ae Se “ar Law 3 Pee ices te ay ele © roc Delay time from CLM- to Vour_ 100 ns te anal are wo ae ST tinct | CLM terminal current Voums=0V =270 | 205 | 140 | pA © | Trocume | Delay time from CLM to Vou 400, ns re MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (ve: 1AV,Ta=25°C, unlags otherwise noted)(CONTINUE) Ts cs] Symbol Pararater Test condiions Hae Lm] easany Foquenn FRon=20K0 RorF=17h0 fosc | Oseiating raquoncy Feereoin oe 70 | 188 | 207 | ite 3 [au [Wanmom On aay azo | 500 | $80 | % 3 [oso | Upper imi votiage of sition waveTorm [ser | 4a7_[ 477 |v J | Wore [Loner vate of xsiatonwavorm | Yosef Beer 176 | 196 | 216 |v rose _| Voltage difference between upper iit and te + ‘Voce _ | Voltage erence betroenu foso=188htt eat | ear fan | v OSC roquencyin CLM V=SV__| Ron=20KE1,Ror#= 17H? TO | 8 | BT | ay operating state Vrn2v | Genz20pF jos_| 124 | tea | | Tuzour [Duty in CLM operating state Ve=0.2V | Min of dutyax on duty [ato [137 [ 220 Vrrrime_[Ve voltage at ter operating start 27 [a0 | 33 | Vv "v= | Vetorminal input ourant Source ouvent 2) 8 | oe Vout ‘Voo=18,10= 10798 o05 [04 |v Vor Veo=18Vo-100mA 07 14] V | vars_|OuPutiow votane ‘Veo=5V/Jo=imA [oss [10 |v Bh ves ‘Veo=5V Jo=t00"% 1a | 20 | V Vout Vee=18V,o=-10mA 160 | 365 v OF org | Ouut high vote Vee=18V lo=-100mA 155 | 460 v Tase [Output votage rise te ‘No lead 50 ns Trait [Output wotags fall ime No load 35 as (412) zENESAS MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS THERMAL DERATING CIRCUIT CURRENT VS.SUPPLY VOLTAGE 1800 (wax RATING) CHORAL OFERATION) 1609 £ : 5 = & 1200) : 5 2 3 3 coo 5 a N 2 @ 2 200) 7 5 X 5 \ oes 397805 100 es Heo —7—a a ‘SUPPLY VOLTAGE Vee(V) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Te’) CIRCUIT CURRENT Vs. SUPPLY VoLTAGE CIRCUIT CURRENT VS SUPPLY VOLTAGE a (OVP OPERATION) (OFF STATE) OVP RESET PORT ao vof eareeseg seater) : seaveen) z Zz 40} — é g ¥ sd 5 ad 5 ad Tae30°6 : i ; g Ta25°C. 2 2 a] Ct 5 : 3 10) g 4 & o 1.0} ZA 700 a0 wd ~~ @o oa SUPPLY VOLTAGE Veo(V) SUPPLY VOLTAGE Vee(V) CIRCUIT CURRENT Vs.SUFPLY VOLTAGE § _OVPTERMINAL THRESHOLD VOLTAGE TIMER OFF STATE) FO Veauoiewr tewmenatune a0 i g 1d z z z zo E20 So & od ies E Tacss°0 3 A ’ 2 Tena goo > 3 E oo] mesa veg 5 10 ‘ ‘mown 3 2 od 6 z B os oa °o 10 20, 30. 40 6 40-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 SUPPLY VOLTAGE Vee(Y) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Tal RENESAS (5 far) MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL ‘THRESHOLD VOLTAGE OF ON/OFF. ‘TERMINAL VS.AMBIENT TEMPERATURE THRESHOLD VOLTAGE OF ON/OFF. ‘TERMINAL VS.AMBIENT TEMPERATURE RENESAS 3 a4 z : z G2] E24 2 # § ie ON-OFF, § , Ss 2 3g xd é ge a gz ef oe eal 3 vw ae FG orreon 3 Bo H = £ Powe ee eee Se AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Tac) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Tat) INPUT CURRENT OF VF TERMINAL DISCHARGE CURRENT OF TIMER zw WSINPUT VOLTAGE 2 oA Tabane z 4 Eo z +] g z | § " E z 4 8 & 4 é 5 § 3 3 4 z a g , 1 2 39 4 8 6 7 8 8 6 0 40 2 0 2 40 80 80 10 VE TERMINAL VOLTAGE Vor) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE TaC©) (ON AND OFF DURATION OF TIMER CHARGE CURRENT OF TMER VS.AMBIENT TEMPERATURE sip___VSAMBIENT TEMPERATURE o___INTERUITTENT OPERATION), z TIMER ONoincUT OPERATION ON 3 g__| menSerehcun Seemann ore 7 g z E Po 2 i w uo § & Z z ‘TIMER ON 2 5-120 & 125 2 B10 é 5 § 2 E é XN z 5 oo tenor fis § 3 7 # g 8 x 0 oa BB "AMBIENT TEMBERATURE Ta) [AMBLNT TEMPERATURE Ta’C) (e/a) MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL VF THRESHOLD VOLTAGE FOR TIMER THRESHOLD VOLTAGE OF CLM+ TERMINAL VS: AMBIENT TEMPERATURE VS AMBIENT TEMPERATURE z 2 2 af z 35 EE 205] ® = 5 ao TELE 5 an 3 3 i 3 ies 3 E 3 i i a 20a 800g aaa a8 BO 00 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Ta(’C) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Ta("C) THRESHOLD VOLTAGE OF CLM TERMINAL (CLM TERMINAL CURRENT VS: AMBIENT TEMPERATURE VS: Clits TERMINAL VOLTAGE oe -400 ge z El a lo 3 5 & é g x 3 200 2 2 g s 3 & -100 i 4 z “4 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 0.1 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1.0 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Ta(°C) (CiMe TERMINAL VOLTAGE Vous(¥) (OLM. TERMINAL CURRENT OUTPUT HiaH VOLTAGE vs. coo, _¥S: TERMINAL VOLTAGE a5 OUTPUT SOURCE CURRENT VoowtaV| z = 2b taonc : : | 409 Z 22 | 3 3 2 8 2 5 om 3 1] 3 3 Z 200 z z 2 5 5 8 owl J/ 2 3 3 os °o 0.2 04 06 O08 7.0 8m 10m 100m 1 10 cunt FeMNAt VOLTAGE Vearty) OUTPUT SOURCE CURRENT iow (ria) zENESAS MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL ‘OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE Vou¥) INPUT CURRENT OF DETECTION AMP Iner(uA) ON duty (6) ourpur Low voLTAGE DETECTION VOLTAGE VS OUTPUT SIC CURRENT vs. AHBIENT TEMPERATURE 50 Tee ag 40) & & 8 a0 2 asd 5 20 3 é Y Baas 14 8 40, Tom (OUTPUT SINK CURRENT lou(A) INPUT CURRENT OF DETECTION AMP VS. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE tom 0 0 40200200 0080 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Ta(°C) DETECTION AMP VOLTAGE GAIN VS. FREQUENCY 700 16 gz so 2 15) a é £404) 1 5 3 " 2 coq 12 3 wt g 20.0} 10 3 2 tod oa 8 08 S “0 400000100 Te TO 1 7 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE TatC) Paes onuy ow uy sjo,_S:F18 TERMINAL INPUT CURRENT so,_YS-F¥8TERMINALINPUT CURRENT (oso sooet fone « Fond a Rorruc \ & al so) 20°C 2 \ —Tas-30°C 7 z — Ta=25°C 20] ee 3 a \ : —= Taes'¢ \ Ta65(0 ‘0 x \ 0 ° 75s 15+ a9 a5 19 is 30 1S TERMINAL INPUT CURRENT Ins (mA) 0 0s F/B TERMINAL INPUT CURRENT ina (ma) RENESAS 25 (ela) MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL RENESAS On duty vs UPPER & LOWER LIMIT VOLTAGE OF OSC 18 TERMINALINPUT CURRENT "VS. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 59 - ieeogo | §E Fonct@i a = Roe=2048 83 4p we £8 ze s zB Tax 30°C = é __ Te25 E 3 a» an85°C 2 z § 0 2 5 ° 5 ous as a Bs aa 02040 BB —T00 F/B TERMINAL INPUT CURRENT |F!5(mA) AMBIENT TEMEERATURE TSC) OSCILLATING FREQUENCY VS. CF TERMINAL CAPACITY 4 ON duty VS. RorF 10000 100) g 20) BS : ea 2 1000 va g z * 2 100 2 of z 24 a Zz « g 3 = aa 5 : 8 ‘4 1 dl t—Po>ra3 P1000 = 0000 3 1 700 CCF TERMINAL CAPACITYGR) ore) ‘OSCILLATING FREQUENCY VS. OSCILLATING FREQUENCY VS. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 120 70 : z Rowoaea = = 600) 3 io g a 2 500 3 10 2 ee = £400 g 5% i 3 4 2x0 8 3 8 on 200 e020 02040 B60 700 0 20000 50a _@ 80 700 {AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Tac) ADIEIENT TEMPERATURE Tae) (era) MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL on auty (%) ON duty (%) INPUT VOLTAGE OF TERMINAL WAV) (ON duty VS. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (ON duty VS. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 100 100 c= fo0k) foxo-b00i 20] (fosc=100kHz2) 90] ( 2) oo] owpascean — 60f ntsc 20| _ 7 z $$ rrerrrrern © 0) recat 7 z sol | |) alomroman § 60) FREE 8 40] $$$ ard ioc oveccx 940) SE r-racsoretk of a ceremien gg) TT ohare 20| 20] 0 10 0 0 Opp aad 0 2040 OBO 100 '59 a0 a0 020 a0 wo —100 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Ta(C) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Ta(°C) INDUT VOLTAGE OF TERMINAL VS. soo ON Sut VS. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE bo rN EEPANSION RATE OF PERIOD oseS00K) - oso=1004H2) so s ¥ » romenrerses 340 1) Ronescnormark 70 z 2 5 3 ee 4 rowan nro sof rn rr dromonmrras 40} $$ re itn rore2te 2 ol robin 21] 10 a ° 0 40 20-020) B00 of 46 8 0 ew 1 20 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Ta-C) EXPANSION RATE OF PERIOD(TIMES) INPUT VOLTAGE OF TERMINAL VS. (OVP TERMINAL INPUT VOLTAGE VS. 50, EXPANSION RATE OF PEROD \ iNeUT CURRENT (fosc=500KH2) = Ta=85°C he ¢ Tee x qana0e ao] é 1 Poer6h Rrra 5 a $ rem E too 30) Romo 2 \4 3 fama, ares 5 y 20 2 Zo z 10 5 i" 3 ° w O24 6 6 1 12 16 18 20 EXPANSION RATE OF PERIOD(TIMES) 02. 04 06 08 10 OVP TERMINAL INPUT VOLTAGE Vove(V) RENESAS (10) 27} MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL THhovectu) ‘CURRENT FROM OVP TERMINAL FOR OVP RESET CURRENT FROM OVP TERMINAL FOR OVP RESET VS. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 700] 00] 00] 400) 200] 200) 109] = 10 18 20 25 303540 SUPPLY VOLTAGE Veet) RENESAS Crary MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL FUNCTION DESCRIPTION ‘Type MS19954P and MS1995AFP are especially designed for paris can be reduced and also parts can be replaced by ‘offine primary PWM contol IC of switching mode power supply __—_teasonable one. (SMPS) to get DC voltage from AC power supply. Inthe following creult diagram, MOS-FIT is used for output Using tis C.mart SMPS can be realized with reasonable transistor however bipolar transistor can be used with no cost and compact size as the number of external electric problem, a Ac r 3 at om Ri 3 Ms19954P, Pin Nois rlated wth M51905AP Fig.t Example application circult diagram of feed forward regulator ao cen o—_I = Vour Po ust 995° {al | 7 wi T fail ler | Let \ pee Stor Pin Nols ata wih MEIQ95AP Fig2 Example appletion cut dagram offy-back regulator (22) RENESAS MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL Start-up circuit section ‘The startup currentis such low current lavel as typical 90 ‘Aas shonn in Fig.3when the Voc volage is increased from low level to siarvup voltage Vesta, In this vltage rengeony afew parts inthis IC.suhich has the {netion to make te ouput voltage low lavele alive ane icc current is used to keep output ow level. The large voltage diiference between Vecisraar) and Vecistom makes startup easy because eke rather ong durin om Vesta ee\srom E co § Tena 3 tea. 5 “sua 2 Veo vor 3s ion Sian #997 =162v SUPPLY VOLTAGE Veety) Fig Cireutcurent vs suppy voltage Oscillator section ‘The oscillation waveform is the trlangla one, The ON duration of output pulse depends on the nsing duration ofthe tangle waveform and dead-time is decided by the fang duration, ‘The rising duration is determined ty the product of extemal rosistor Ron and capacior Cr and the taling duration is mainly determined by tne product of resistor Ror= and capacitor Cr. (1)Oscillator operation when intermittent action and OSC control circuit does not operate Fig shows the equivalent charging and discharging circuit dagram of sellatorutten the current ling ret dove not ‘operate it means that intermittent action and OSC contol circuit des not operate ‘The current flows through Row from the constant voltage source of 5.AV.C" is charged up by the same amplitude as RON Ccurtentwnen intemal switch SW1 is switched to “charging ‘Sidet.The rie rat of CF terminalis given as Vr-on Rion X Ce (vis) “ where Vr-on = sv “The maxénum on duration is approximately given as (Woses-Vosa1) X RON X CF ig rae (ronnmnennnnnd) where Vosou = 4.4v Voss. = 20¥ (Cr Is dlscharged ty the summed-up of Rore curent and one Sixteenth (1/16) of Hon current by the function of 2,03 and Qa \whon SW1,SWW2 are switched to “cschargo sido" sav a oo oy nae | i eon zy iw | Shaw ot Fave 51095 Fig.4 Schematic diagram of charging and discharging ‘control eircult for OSC.capacttor Cr ASIN E a2 B35 [ ge va se Fig.5 OSC.waveform at normal condition (no- ‘operation of intermittent action and OSC.control circuit) So fall ate of CF terminals given as. = Vi-orF vr-ow Rorr x Cr * 46x Ron x or“) @ ‘The minimum off duration approximately is given as (os0%Vosay) X CF Veer von “) For * 16X Row where VI-oFF = as ‘The cyclo te of oscilaton is given by the summation ot Equations 2 and 4. “The frequency Including tho dead-time isnot Influencod by the temperature because of te bult-in temperature compensating creut RENESAS (13) ary MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL (2)Oscillator operation when intermittent action and OSC control circuit operates. When ever current signal applied to CLA of CLM terminal and the current liming circuit intermittent acton and (O8C contro circu starts to operate. this case T-OFF terminal Voltage depends on VF terminal voltage so the escllaton frequency deoreasee and dead-time spreads, “The ise rate of oscillation waveform is given a vr-ow Roux cr V8) © ‘The fal rate of oscillation waveform is given 26 = Yur-Wwro Ror X OF sex ron kor“) © where Vr-on = 4.8V ‘Wve tinal voage Wo ~ O04V Wrveou9 if WweWro8.8V.the operation is just same as that in tho ‘no current limiting operation stat. “The maximum of-duration is just same as that inthe no- ‘operation stale of intermittent and oscilaion conto circult ‘nd is given a8 olows; (oso Voss) XROFEXCr. a “The minimum off-duration is approximately given as; c= Wose- Vase) Xr Wwe-Wro , VI-o0 Forex Gr * 16x Ron x Gr © 8) ‘The ascilation period is given by the summation of Equation?) and (8), [As shown in Fig, tha internal circuit kills the first output pulse in the output waveform. The output waveform wil appear irom the second pulse cycle because the duration of fst oyce takes Ce Charging time longer comparing with that atthe stable operating state Usually the applied voltage to VF terminal must be proportional the output votage ofthe regulator. So when the over current eecurs and the output voltage of the regulator becomes low the of duration becomes wide. There are two methods to get the contralvatiage. which depends on the output votage,on primary side For the fly back {ype regulator application the induced voltage onthe tid or bias winding is dependent on output voliage.On te other hand forthe feedforward type regulator appication itcan be Used thatthe output voltage depends on the product af induced Voltage and “on-cuty'as the cutrent of choke cll il cantnue. at overload condtionst means the "continuous current onion, Fig 8 shows one ofthe examples for VF terminal application for the feed forward type regulator. BB Leo 8 8. 365 vn Boz ag | B3s Fig OSC.wavetorm with operation of intermittent sna OSC conve ten operation 2 START FROM ov Bg sescr i 8 8 ol 8, & RST b3 PULSE HE) no aencnare Hy") soe ‘OPERATION START Fig.7 Relation between OSC. and output waveform circult operation at start up Tas oe Taw e seven Fig.8 Feedback loop with low pass f to VF terminal from output choke col wil continue al over lead condition it means the “continuous current condition, Fig. shows one ofthe examples for VF terminal appication ‘or te feed forward type regulator. RENESAS (14st 27) MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL PWM comparator and PWM latch section Fig.9 shows the PWM comparator and latch section. The on- lufation of output waveform coincides wth the rising duration of CCF terminal waveform.when te infinitive resistors connected between FIB tarminal ang GND. ‘When the F/E terminal has fits impedance and current lows. fut from F/B terminal," point potential shown in Fig. depends ‘on tis curen.So the “A” point potential is close to GND level an the fow-out curent becomes large Point potential ie compared with the GF terminal oscillator ‘waveform and PWM comparator and te latch circuit is set ‘when the potential of oscilator waveform is higher than "A point potential Gn the other handthis atch circu is reset by high level signal during the dead-time of oscilation(faling duraton of oscillation ‘aveform).So the "B" point potential or output waveform of latch ‘tout isthe one shown in Fig. 10, ‘The final output wavetorm or °C" point potentials got by combining the ‘8 point signal and dead-time sional Current limiting section When the currentsimit signa is applied before the crossing instant of "A" pint potential and CF terminal voltage shown in Fig 9,his signal makos the output continue untl next cycle. Fig.11 shows the timing relation among them, ‘The currentliiting croult hae two input teminals,one has the \etector-sensitivy of +200mV to the GND terminal and the ‘thar has -200mV. The cout wl be atonedl the inpLt signal is ‘ver the mit of her terminal. I" current iting cre is set,no waveform is generated at ‘output terminal nowevor this stato Is rset during the succeeding dead-time, So this cutrent Imiting ccults able to have the function in very cycle and ie named -pulse-by:pulse current ini enya lr 0) cers co & rome bye 7 vcs 8 Brau \ Sa See + = “was —$T - (oy scrctit ma Fig9 PW compart andthe LI. ‘OSC WAVEFORM eae I emer SSR (et it Fig.t0 Waveforms of PWM comparator input polnt A, latch circuit points B and C Fig.11 Operating waveforms of current limiting cieut RENESAS (18/27) MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL Its rather recommended to use not “CLM bu “CLM torsrale the infuanco om tho gate div crant o! MOS-FIT Carbo clmiatog nn wi volage rating f+ V1 cqaranteefrsbaoute mex rating. ‘ere happen come noise volage on Rew ring te witching of power anséeor dv ote snuboeroreut an cay Capac ol te tanatormor vans. ‘To elmnate the apnea operston bythe nese voltage the lou paug rach cont ard Gr cud shown Mis fovarerandod to uso 10 to 1000 for Fv because such range of iv snot nfluenced by the fonrout crm of some $0) rom Cun terminal and Curis deslgned have te fnaugh value sor te oe volage 11519054 “SIE stonsa IE 3 an x {ain case of CMs (byincase of La Fig.t2. How to connect current limit circuit Intermittent action and oscillation control section \Wmon the ntoral currant limiting circuit stats to oparata and also the VF level decreases fo lowe than the certain level of some 3V the dead-time spreads and intermittent action and (OSC control crcutwhich is one ofthe timor-3ype-protacton ‘ireultstats to oparato ‘The intermittent acton and OSC contro circuit is the one to (generate the contol signal fr osciator and intermittent action eur Fig-13 shows the ting; chart ofthis creult hon the outpt of intermitent action and oscilaton controls at'high level ne ‘wavetorm of osellaor depends on the VE terminal voltago and ‘he intarmitient action crcult bagins to operate SIN osc waveroa cure ur unmenr cna (a) With current limit signal LS SIm™ une oun rT ureur oF wrensurreNT Souinc crear sro (6) Witout current limit signal Fig.13 Timing chart of intermittent and OSC.control circuit Intermittent action circuit section Intermittent action circuit wl star to operate when the output ‘signal fom the intormitent acton and oscilaton contol ccuit {are “high” and also VF terminal voltage is lower than Vrwriae of about 3V. Fig. 14 shows the block diagram of intermittent action ‘feu Transstor Qs on stato when VF tarminal votago is bigher than Vii of about SV. the CT terminal volags is ‘ear to GND potential \wmnen VF terminal voltage is loner than Virive,Q becomes “off and the CT nas the possibilty be charged up. Under tis condition if the inteitient ation and oscillation ‘onto signal become "high the switch SWA wil close ony in {his "high" duration and Cr is charged up by he current of ‘120A through SWa (SWe fs open} and CT torminal potential will is The output pulse can be generated only this Curation. ‘When the CT terminal vottage reaches to 8V,the contra logic cercut makes the SW “oft and SWa “on” Jn order to How Inte Ihuweor® of 548 to CT terminal ‘The IC operation wil be ceased in he falling duration. ‘On the ether hand, when CT terminal voltage dacraases to lower the ‘han 2V the IC operation wil be reset to orginal sta onto! ogie ercuit makes the SWa ‘ont and SW “off. ‘Therefore the parts in power circuit including eecondary rect dads ara protected trom the overheat by the over current by Cia vow (23) UA 1 ot Hawa) conrao. toae + swe Le hen | wo = Oh inncore ier] CHS) Fig.14 Block diagram of intermittent action circuit RENESAS (16) 27} MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL av Fig.18 Wavotorm of CT terminal Fig.16 shows the loc versus Vos inthis timer-off duration inthis duration the pawer fs not supplies to IC from the third winging of transtormer but through from the resistor Ft Connected Ves lino Ifthe Ft shown in Fig.1 and 2 is solectod adequate value, Vee terminal voltage wil be Kept at not so high orlow but adaquate value.as the Ice versus Vee charactersis has such the one ‘Shown in Fig. 20 CIRCUIT CURRENT lee(mA) os 084080 SUPPLY VOLTAGE Vee(V} Fig 16 Ice vs.Vee in timer.off duration of intermittent action circuit ‘To ground the CT terminal is recommenced,uen the Intermittent mode isnot used. In this case tho osclatod frequency wil become low but the IC will nether stop the osclation nor change tothe intermittent con mode when the curent mi function bacomes to operate ‘and the VF terminal volage becomes fw. Voltage detector circuit(DET) section ‘The DET terminal can be used to contol the output votage which is determined by the winding ato of fly back transformer Infly-back eystom or in case of common ground circuit, ‘of primary and secondary in feed forward system, ‘The circu clagram is quite sirilar to that of shunt regulator type 431 as shown in Fig.17-As well known from Fig.17 and Fig. 18,ho output of OP AMP has the currentsink ably when inal voltage is higher than 2 5V but t becomes high impedance state when lower than 2.8V DET terminal anc FB tarminal have inverting phase characlersics aach other so itis recommended to connect the resistor and capacitor In seties between tem for phase compensation tis very Inmportantone can not connect by resistor directly as there isthe ‘oltage difference betwaen them and the capacitor has the DC stopper function Fo oom Zou Soom fiom oH I E ite Fig.17 Equivalent circuit eiagram of voltage detector | +o cer TL eww 1 Fig.18 Equivalent circuit diagram of voltage detector ON-OFF circuit section Fig.19 shows the cicul diagram of ON-OFF circult The current flown into the ON-OFF terminal makes the Qs "on" and the ‘itching operation stop On the other har he switching ‘operation wil recover a no current flown into ONOFF terminal ‘makes Q4 “of” As the constant current source connected fo O4 ‘base terminal has such the hysteresis characteristics of 20UA at ‘operation and 344 at stopping So the unstable operation Is not ‘ppeared even ithe ONOFF tarminal vollage signal varies sionly. RENESAS (a7 far) MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL Fig.20 shows how to connect the ONIOFF terminal. The switching operation wil stop By swich-ot and operata by switch Transistor or photo ransistor can be replaced by this switch of course No resistor of 30 to TOOK. is connected and ONIOFF terminalis directly connected to GND, when it fs not neceseary touse the ON/OFF operation. Fig.21 shows the lec versus Vcc characteristics in OFF state and Veo wil be Kept at not so high or ow but a the adoquato Vottagewhen Fi shown in Fig. and 21s selected propery 2 WORF o— my — 02 OPERATE STOP AT Q40N ESUA AT STOPPING LE20UA AT OPERATING Fig.19 ON/OFF circuit Vee 30k 100K 1M51995A, ONIOFF 1 Fig.20 Connecting of OWOFF terminal ts a 2 g E os. 3 5 ee ee ‘SUPPLY VOLTAGE Vee(V) Fig.21 lee ve.Vee in OFF stato OVP circuit(over voltage protection circuit)section ‘OVP circuits basicaly positive feedback circuit constructed by (€2,03.a8 shown in Fig 22. (22,43 turn on andthe circu operation of IC stops.rhon the Input signa is applied to OVP termina (treshald volage = 7e0mV} ‘The current value of [2 is about 150A when the OVP does not ‘operates butt decroases to about 2uA when OVP operates, itis necessary to input he suffliant larger eurrant(QOQUA to ‘SmAlthan I2 for ihagering the OVP operation. ‘The reason to decrease [2 le that ite necessary that lc at t (OVP rest supply voltage is sal. itis necessary that OVP stata holds by eicult curent fom FI in the application example.so this IC has the charactorstic of sail ec at the OVP reset supply voliago(-stand-by curent + 2ouA) ‘On the otner hand,he circu currents large n the higher ‘supply voliage.so the supply voltage of this IC doesnt become so igh by he voltage drop across RY. ‘This charactors ie shown in Fig.23. ‘The OVP terminal input current in the voltage lower than the (OVP threshold voltage is based on [2 and the input curent in the vllage higher than the OVP tweshold voltage isthe sum of the current flowing tothe base of G3 and the current flowing {tom tha eollacor of Q2 to the base, For holding in the latch state. is necessary that the OVP terminal voltage is keptin the voltage higher than Vac of C3, ‘Soi the capacitor s connected between the OVP taxninal and ‘GND ven though Q2 tums on in @ moment by the surge voltage etc.this latch action does not hold i the OVP terminal voltage does nol become higher than Vae of G3 by charging this capactor For reseting OVP stata is nacessary to make the OVP terminal votlage lower than the OVP L threshold voltage or ‘make Vcc lower than the OVP reset eupply voltage, [As the OVP reset voltage is sotied onthe rather high voltage of ‘9.0V,SMPS can be reset in rather shor! ime from the switchof! ‘ofthe AC power source ithe smoothing capacitor is rot so large value, RENESAS (48/27) MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL CIRCUIT CURRENT leo(ma) Fig.22 Detail diagram of OVP circuit (OVP RESET POINT 7|-ss2v(sorc) B.97via5'c) | 207vie5°c) 4 Tae a ql Tac2s'6 3 2 06 10 18 2025 a0 3540 [SUPPLY VOLTAGE VeetV) Fig.28 CIRCUIT CURRENT VS. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (OVP OPERATION) Output section itis required nat the outout cirouithave the high sink and source ables for MOS-FET drives wall known that the “iolompole circu has high sink and source ability However it has the demert of high through currant For examole the through current may reach such the high courtent level of 1A type MS1995A has the conventional” fotompole circuit For the high frequoncy appleaton such as Higher han t0Ok2ths tough current is vary important factor {and vill cause not only the large loc curent and the inevitable eat-up of IC but also the noise votage. This IC usos the improved totompotecircuit.so without dotoriorating the characteristic of operating spead.ts through courrentis approximately 100mA, APPLICATION NOTE OF TYPE M51995AP/FP Design of start-up circuit and the power supply of IC (1)The startup circuit when itis not necessary to sat the ‘start and stop input voltage Fig 24 shows one of he example circuit diagram of the startup ‘crouit whichis used when itis not necessary o sat the start land stop voltage itis recommended thatthe curant more than S00WA flows, through Rt in order to overcama the operalion start-up current lecestans) and Cyec i nthe range of 10 to 47H The product of 1 by Croc causes the time delay of operation so the response {ime wl be longi the product is too much large. Swoominceamoron Rt yp Ms19050 Fig.24 Start-up circuit diagram when itis not necessary to set the start and stop input voltage Just after the startup, the loc curtent is supplied fom ‘vcenowever,under ino steady stata conditon JC wil be suppited trom the third winding or bas winding of transformer the winding rao of the third winding must be ‘designed so tha the induced votage may be higher than the ‘eperation-stop voltage Verso. “The Ves voltage Is recommended to be 12V to 17V as the normal and optimum gate vollage is 10 {0 15V and the output ‘votage(Vor) of ype MS1995APIFP Is about(Veo-2V), RENESAS (19) ar) MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL Itis not necessary thatthe ncuced vottage i seed higher than the operation start-up voltage Veossiasnand the high gate rive voltage causes high gate dissipation.on the ater handtoo low gate dive voltage does not make the MOS.FET fuly on state or the saturation state, Setrece row Ow 519954, Oo Fig.25 Start-up circuit diagram when itis not necessary to set the start and stop Input voltage {2)The start-up eiroult when itis not necessary to set the ‘start and stop input voltage Its recommend to use the this winding of forward winding’ or "positive polarity” as shown in Fig.25,when the OC source Voltages at both the IC operation start and stop must be sated at the specied vas. The input vellage(VeusrasT).a nich the IC operation starts decided by Rt and R2 utiizing the low start-up curent characteris of type MS1095APIEP. ‘The input votlage(Vnusrom)at which the IC operation stops is. decided by the rato of third winding of transformer. ‘The Vinistaar and ViNsTOP are given by flowing equations, pysTas= RA « oot + (BE + 4) + Vecisrany w Rr eloot + (BE + 4) Versa nn(8) Ne 4 owston= (eeesron VA sNE +E Vivre... (10) whore cts the operation start-up curont of IC \Veoisranryis the operation start-up votage of IC \ex(sto7 isthe oporation stop votago of IG Fs the forward votage of rectifier diode Viner) is the peak to peak nipple voltage of Ne Veo torninal= NE vn airy Itis required thatthe vasranr) must be higher than ViisTO= \When the third winding is tho “fy back winding” or “roverse polaiythe Vivsrasr can be fixed, however, VinisToF) can not ba settled by this system,so the auxiliary cicult's required {@Notice tothe Veo, Vee line and GND tine To.avid the abnormal iC operation tis recommended to dost the Voce not vary abrupty and has few ape {Stag sh dad mb ny capa Batre we winding of main tensioner ‘Tovedice the spe vag the Cveehich s connected otmoon Voc and gourd mst have he good hig Paqoncy characters. ‘Todesion the sonditor ate on PC boar folowing cautons ‘ust considerod a shown Figs {Ghto soperete to emir ie ope M1995 tom the GND lino cf te 10 (byThe locate he Cvce as near as posible to type MS1095A and connect Sect (cifosoparte to cleo ine of type M1965 frm the Vor line cht IC (@)To connect he ground terminals of peripheral pars of {GND of ype HS198DA as short as posse BIO} wstsese | oud? “oF Fig.26 How to design the conductor-pattern of type 'MSI985A on PC board(echematic example) (ayPower supply circuit for easy start-up \Whon IC start to operate, the voltage of the Cvce begins to decrease til the Cre becomes to be charged trom the third ‘winding of main-ranstormer as the Ice ofthe IC increases abrup.n case shown in Fig.24 and 25,some ‘unstable stat- up" o ‘fall to startup" may happen, asthe charging intrval of (Gvoo is vary short durationnat is the charging does occur only ‘the duration while the Induced wining voltage Is higher then the Cvco voltage the induced winding voltage is nearly equal to the “operation stop voltage" of type M51996. tig recommanded tO use the 10 10 7HF for C¥ocs and about S| times capacity bigger than Cvcct for Gvecz in Fig 27. RENESAS (201 27) MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL Fig.27 DC source circult for stable start-up OVP circuit (1)Te avoid the miss operation of OVP tis recommended to connect the capacitor between OVP terminal and GND for avoiding the miss operation bythe spike ‘Tha OVP terminal is connected withthe sink current source {(=150pa) nC when OVP does not operat for absorbing the leak currant of the photo coupler inthe application. ‘So the resistance between the OVP terminal and GND for laak- cout isnot necessary, I the rasistance is Connected,the supply curent atthe OVP ‘eset supply voltage becomes large. ‘Ashe reeut he OVP resel eunply voltage may become Higher than the operation stop voltage. Inthat case,he OVP acton is reset when the OVP is tiggered altho supply voliago a lito high than the operation stop voltage ‘Soi should be avoided absolutely to connect the resistance ‘between the OVP terminal nd GND. PHOTO COUPLER Cow Peripheral circuit of OVP terminal 7 ‘Th Past Stouts Se Som Fig.29 Example circuit diagram to make the OVP-reset-time fast FIG.30 OVP setting method using the Induced third winding voltage on fly back system (@)Application circuit to make the OVP-reset time fast “The reset ime may becomes problem when the discharge time Constant of Grn (11+R2) is long. Under such the cicut ‘ondtion tis recommended to discharge the Cvoc forcedy and to maka the Voc low valve This makes the OVP-reset tie fas. (@)OVP setting method using the induced third winding voltage on fly back system For the over voltage protection (OVP) he induced fly back type third winding voltage can be utlized.as the inducod third ‘winding voltage depends on the output vltage, Fig 30 shows, ‘one ofthe example circuit dagram. zENESAS (ai ary MITSUBISHI (Dig/Ana. INTERFACE) M51995AP/FP ‘SWITCHING REGULATOR CONTROL Current limiting circuit (1)Peripheralcircut of CLM+,CLM terminal Fig.91 and $2 show the example ceul diagrams around the (Cts and CLM- terminal.t is required to connect the low pass ‘iter; the main current or crain curent contain the spike current especially during the turn-on duration of MOS-FIT 1,000pF to 22,000pF is recommenced for Cur ard th and Pie have the functions both to adjust the “curen ‘etecting sensitivity" and o consist the low pass fer. mi +3 3 . 3 ~ tf Seonne Fer Ee Soe your ' a wnsa fo (©) Primary and secondary current xt caren’ | ezen rests Fig.33 Primary and secondary current waveforms ‘under the current limiting operation Fig.31 Peripheral circuit Condition on feed forward system ee 4 ky Some] ge teary poe 3 msi9e58 felarte Tt Fig.32 Peripheral circuit diagram of CLM- terminal ‘To design the yet and Awezit is requited to consider the influence of CLM terminal source curreri{icu%t oF FCA) \which vai is in the range of 90 to 270y8, In order tobe not influenced rom these resistor paallaled value of vet and Ro, (Pwr Faw2}is recommenced to be less than | 1000. ‘The Fim shoulé be the non-Inducive resistor. (2)0ver eurrent limiting curve {alin case of feed forward system Fig.33 shows the primary and secondary current wave-forms: Under the currant imiting aparaton [At the typical application of pulse by pulse primary current

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