GCSE PHYSICS ENERGY

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 1

(a) work done = force  distance moved 1

1
50  10  2.5 1
1
= 1250 J/Joules 1
1

(b) (i) Mike 1750 1

1
Jeff 1500 1
1

(ii) Jeff 1

(iii) Mike 1

(c) force = work done

distance moved 1
1

1750 / 2 = 875N 1
1
875 / 10 1
1
87.5 kg 1
1

(Marks will be awarded for the calculation even if the work done by Mike was wrongly calculated in b(i))

TOTAL / 11

QUESTIONSHEET 2

(a) work done = force  distance moved 1

1
650  500 1
1
= 325 kJ/325,000 J
1
= 325 KJ/ 325,000 J 1

(b) 500  500 = 25 000 J 1

1
250 000 / 2000 1
1
= 125 W/watts 1
1
GCSE PHYSICS ENERGY
ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

(c) 650  500 = 325 000 J 1

1
325 000 / 5000 1
1
= 65 W/watts 1
1
125 – 65 = 60 W/watts 1
1

Note: Do not deduct further marks if incorrect answer from b) is used correctly in subsequent calculations.

TOTAL / 10
GCSE PHYSICS ENERGY
ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 3

(a) (i) converted to/becomes/changes to kinetic energy. 1

(ii) 1 x 45 1
1
= 45 kJ/45,000 J 1
1

kinetic energy
(b) velocity = 1
0.5  mass

1000 / 10 = 100 kg 1

4500
v= 1
0.5  10
= 30 ms-1 1
1

(c) work done = gain in potential energy 1

1
= 45 kJ/45,000 J 1
1

TOTAL / 9

QUESTIONSHEET 4

(a) 120 10 1

1
= 1200 J/1.2 kJ 1
1

(b) 120 5 1

1
= 600 J 1
1

(c) (i) 600  100 1

1200
= 50% 1

(ii) friction in wheels 1

1

(iii) oil wheels 1

1

TOTAL / 8
GCSE PHYSICS ENERGY
ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 5

(a) energy efficient bulb: 20 / 21  100 1

1
= 95% 1

standard bulb: 100 / 180  100 1

1
= 20% 1

fluorescent strip: 20 / 28  100 1

1
= 60% 1

(b) (i) standard bulb 1

1

(ii) lost as heat 1

1

(c) use less electricity for the same light output 1

1
last longer so less resources used in a given time 1

TOTAL / 10

QUESTIONSHEET 6

(a) KE = ½ m v2 1
1
= ½  5000  32 1
1
= 22500 J 1
1

(b) 3 / 5 1

1
= 0.6 m/s 1
1

(c) ½  25 000  0.62 1

1
= 4500 J 1
1
GCSE PHYSICS ENERGY
ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

(d) (i) 22 500 - 4 500 = 18 000 J 1

1

(ii) converted to heat 1

1
and sound 1
1

TOTAL / 10
GCSE PHYSICS ENERGY
ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 7

(a) Watts 1
1

(b) one Watt = one Joule per second 1

1

(c) energy = force distance 1

1
= 80  10  30 1
1
= 24 000 J 1
1

(d) Power = energy / time 1

1
= 24 000 / 15 1
1
= 1600 W or 1.6 kW 1
1

TOTAL / 8

QUESTIONSHEET 8

(a) 55  10 = 550 N 1
1

(b) (i) energy = force  distance 1

1
= 3.5  550 1
1
= 1925 J 1
1

(ii) 1925 J 1

(c) v2 = u2 + 2as 1
1
0 = 122 + 2  -10 x s 1
1
s = 144 / 20 1
1
= 7.2 m 1
1

(d) 900 / 3 1

1
GCSE PHYSICS ENERGY
ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES
= 300 W 1
1

TOTAL / 11

QUESTIONSHEET 9

(a) (i) 30  10  3 1
1
= 900 J/joules 1
1

(b) 900 J/joules 1

1

(c) (1) muscles of the man/food man has eaten/

chemical energy in food 1
1

(2) lift motor 1

1

TOTAL / 5

QUESTIONSHEET 10

(a) (i) 600 kJ/600,000 J 1

1

(ii) 3.6 MJ/3,600 kJ 1

1

(b) energy of light bulb = 1 500 000 W 1

1
time = energy transferred / power 1
1
4 h 10 min/250 min 1
1

(c) (i) electrical to heat energy 1

1

(ii) electrical to heat and light energy 1

1

(iii) electrical to heat and movement/kinetic energy 1

TOTAL / 8
GCSE PHYSICS ENERGY
ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES
QUESTIONSHEET 11

(a) (i) potential energy to kinetic energy 1

1

(ii) kinetic energy to sound and kinetic energy 1

1

(iii) kinetic energy to potential energy 1

1

(b) (i) 300 / 1000  10 1

1
= 0.3  1.8 1
1
= 0.54 J 1
1

(ii) potential energy has become kinetic energy at the instant

it hits the ground 1
1 = SQRT (o.54 / 0.5 x 0.3)
1
0.54
= 1
0.5  0.3
= 6 ms-1 1
1

TOTAL / 9
GCSE PHYSICS ENERGY
ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 12

(a) using work done = force distance moved 1

1
430 4/4 = 430 W (Lucy) 1
1
450 4/6 = 300 W (Carol) 1
1

(b) Lucy 1
1

(c) her muscles 1

1

(d) Carol 1
1
She would do the most work as she was the heaviest/ had greatest weight 1
1

TOTAL / 7

QUESTIONSHEET 13

(a) supplied as part of nature/generated in a way that the Earth’s resources not used up. 1
1

(b) (i) 200 1

(ii) Wind does not blow all the time. 1

1

(c) (i) rearranging equation 1

1
5  3300  60 1
1
= 990,000 M J 1
1

(ii) 495,000 MJ 1
1

TOTAL / 7

QUESTIONSHEET 14

(a) Joule 1
GCSE PHYSICS ENERGY
ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

(b) (i) energy = force  distance 1

1
0.3  10  0.5 1
1
1.5 J 1

(ii) 1.5 J 1

(iii) 0.3  10 1
1
3N 1

TOTAL / 7

QUESTIONSHEET 15

(a) (i) No loss of kinetic energy 1

1

(ii) lose energy as heat 1

1
and sound 1
1

(b) (Two from)

air bag - absorbs kinetic energy of driver

crumple zone – absorbs KE of car

seat belt – exerts force to stop driver 4

4

(c) (i) KE = ½ m v2 1
1
= ½  2000  152 1
1
= 225 000 J or 225 kJ 1
1

(ii) Force = energy / distance 1

1
GCSE PHYSICS ENERGY
ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES
= 225 000 / 30 1
1
= 7500 N 1
1

TOTAL / 13

QUESTIONSHEET 16

(a) (i) chemical 1

1
 electrical 1
1
 kinetic 1
1

(ii) work done = force x distance 1

1
= 3  1 = 3J 1
1

(iii) Power = energy / time 1

1
= 3 / 10 = 0.3 W 1
1

(b) (i) potential 1

1
 kinetic 1
1
 electrical 1
1
 heat & light 2
2

(ii) KE = ½ m v2 1
1
= ½  1  22 1
1
= 2J
1

(c) chemical 1
1
 heat 1
1
 kinetic 1
1

TOTAL / 17
GCSE PHYSICS ENERGY
ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 17

(a) heat and light (either order) 2

2

(b) chemical 1
1
sound 1
1

(c) kinetic and sound (either order) 2

2

(d) heat and light (either order) 2

2

TOTAL / 8

QUESTIONSHEET 18

(a) Six from

kinetic, potential, electrical, heat, light, sound,
chemical, nuclear 6
6

(b) (i) Newton 1

1
metre 1

(ii) conservation 1
1
changed 1
1
created 1

1
destroyed 1
1

TOTAL / 12
GCSE PHYSICS ENERGY
ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 19

(a) too much emphasis on nuclear energy 1

1
not enough spent on renewable sources 1
1

(b) secondary source of energy 1

1
made from the others 1
1

(c) gas 1

1
oil 1
1

TOTAL / 6

QUESTIONSHEET 20

(a) (i) the sun 1

(ii) photosynthesis 1
1
produces glucose / sugar which stores energy 1
1 converted to storable form
1

(iii) plants die 1

1
subjected to high temperatures and pressures 1
1
over millions of years 1
1

(b) (i) A 1
1

(ii) C 1
1

TOTAL / 8