Lecture @ IIT Hyderabad Feb.

, 2020
N.Tsuji, Kyoto Univ.

[Exercise 2]

(1) When the coordinates of a point P in two-dimensional space are (x1, x2)、and (x1’, x2’)

before and after a deformation, respectively, the following relationships stand.

x1’ = a0 + a1 x1 + a2 x2

x2’ = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2

Here, a0, a1, a2, b0, b1, b2, are constants.

(a) Show the displacement vector u = (u1, u2) in this deformation.

(b) Derive the distortion tensor in this deformation. Then, divide the distortion tensor

into the rotation tensor, wij , and strain tensor, eij.

(2) Derive the displacement vector (u1, u2 ), distortion tensor, rotation tensor wij, and strain

tensor eij, for an uniform uniaxial tension deformation shown below. (0 < a < 1)

(3) Determine the engineering strain, e, and true strain, ε, for each of the following
situations:
(a) Tension of a round bar from the length L to 1.4 L
(b) Compression of a cylindrical specimen from the height h to 0.6h
(c) Tension of a round bar from the length L to 2 L
 Lecture @ IIT Hyderabad Feb., 2020
N.Tsuji, Kyoto Univ.

<Answer>

(1)
(a) u = ( a0 + (a1-1) x1 + a2 x2, b0 + b1 x1 + (b2-1) x2 )

(b)
Distortion Tensor:

Strain Tensor:

Rotation Tensor:

(2) Tension along x2 axis:

(x1, x2) → (x1, x2 + a x2)
Displacement vector: u = (0, a x2)

Distortion Tensor:
⎛ ∂u1 ∂u1⎞
⎜ ⎟
∂ui ⎜ ∂x1 ∂x2⎟ ⎛ 0 0 ⎞
= =⎜ ⎟
∂x j ⎜ ∂u2 ∂u2⎟ ⎝ 0 a ⎠
⎜ ⎟
⎝ ∂x1 ∂x2⎠

€
 Lecture @ IIT Hyderabad Feb., 2020
N.Tsuji, Kyoto Univ.

Strain Tensor:
⎛0 0 ⎞
εij = ⎜ ⎟
⎝0 a ⎠

Rotation Tensor:
€
⎛0 0⎞
ω ij = ⎜ ⎟
⎝0 0⎠

(3)
€
(a) e = (1.4L –L) / L = 0.4 (40%)
ε = ln (1.4L / L) = 0.34

(b) e = (0.6h –h) / h = -0.4 (40%)

ε = ln (0.6L / L) = -0.51

(c) e = (2L –L) / L = 1.0 (100%)

ε = ln (2L / L) = 0.69

* The value of true strain is smaller than the value of engineering strain in tension, while
the value of true strain is larger than the value of engineering strain in compression.