d sf] x'F <

-eujfg\ >L /d0f dxlif{sf pkb]zx¿_

-g]kfnL cg'jfb_

cg'jfbM
g]q cfrfo{

k|sfzsM
/d0f ne;{
 d sf] x'F <
-eujfg\ >L /d0f dxlif{sf pkb]zx¿_

cg'jfb M g]q cfrfo{

k|sfzs M /d0f ne;{
;+:s/0f M @)&% j}zfv -klxnf]_
n]–cfp6÷l8hfOg M nIdL e§/fO{ -zAb3/_

;jf{lwsf/ © cg'jfbsdf ;'/lIft

zAb3/ 5fkfvfgf, afuahf/ -)!–$@$$%(&_ åf/f d'lb|t
 d sf] x'F < 3

/d0f dxlif{ sf] x'g\ <

/d0f dxlif{sf] hGd #) l8;]Da/, ;g\ !*&( df db'/fO{, tldngf8'–
glhs lt?r'nL gfdsf] ufpFdf ePsf] lyof] . pgsf] 3/sf] gfd
j]Í6/d0f lyof] . kl5 pgL /d0f dxlif{sf] gfdn] k|l;4 eP .
j]Í6/d0f ;fdfGo afns lyP . pgsf] a'l4 s'zfu| lyof] t/
pgnfO{ ljBfnosf] lzIffk|lt nufj lyPg . pgsf] z/L/ :j:y
/ alnof] lyof] .
j]Í6/d0fnfO{ ;fg}b]lv c¿0ffrndf s]xL /x:odo s'/f 5,
To;nfO{ a'‰g'k5{ eGg] nfUYof] . Ps lbg s'g} cfkmGt pgsf]
3/df cfOk'u] . tL cfkmGtn] cfkm" c¿0ffrnaf6 cfPsf] x'F
eg] . j]Í6/d0f tL cfkmGtk|lt pT;'s eP / c¿0ffrnsf af/]df
;f]w] . lzj;Gtx¿sf] hLjgL n]lvPsf] k':ts k9]sf x'Fbf pgdf
c?0ffrnk|lt cfsif{0f lyof] .
tL ;Gtx¿sf] hLjgL dd{:kzL{ lyof] . hLjgdf klxnf] k6s
k9]sf] cfWoflTds s[ltn] pgsf] dg /f]dfl~rt agfPsf] lyof] .
4 d sf] x'F <

dgdf cfWoflTds efjgf knfO;s]sf] lyof] . pgL cfWoflTds

hLjg latfpg] ;f]rdf b[9 x'Fb} lyP .
c¿0ffrndf klxnf Clifd'lgx¿ tk:of uy]{ / dgsf] zflGt
cg'ej uy]{ eGg] yfxf kfPkl5 pgL To; 7fpFk|lt cfslif{t
ePsf lyP . Ps k6s c¿0ffrndf k'u]kl5 ;xh Wofg /
;fwgfsf] cEof; u/]/ ToxLF pgn] hLjg latfOlbP .
d sf] x'F eGg] lrGtg / Wofg ubf{ub}{ pgn] zflGt k|fKt u/] .
x/]s cfuGt's pgsf] glhsdf a:bf ckf/ zflGt / cfgGb
cg'e"lt uYf]{ . pgnfO{ e]6]/ kms]{sf ;of}F dflg;n] dxlif{sf]
;flGgWodf ePsf] cg'ej zAbdf JoQm ug}{ g;lsg] eg]sf
5g\ . dxlif{sf] t:jL/df k/dzflGt / k/d;'vsf] efj b]Vg
;lsG5 .
dxlif{n] c¿0ffrn kj{td} ;a} uxg ;fwgfsf ;'vx¿ kfP .
pgnfO{ hLjge/ ToxfFaf6 cGoq st} hfg'kg]{ s'g} cfjZostf
dx;'; ePg . /d0f dxlif{h:tf JolQmTj hlGdFbf dfgjhfltn]
g} cfzf / e/f];f dx;'; u5{ . pgsf] hLjgrof{ / lzIffx¿n]
xfd|f] hLjgsf] gofF cfofd v'N5 .
/d0f dxlif{ c¿0ffrn kj{tsf] lj¿kfIf u'kmfdf a:g] tfsf
pgsf] bz{g ug{ cfpg] eQmx¿sf] nsf]{ nfUg yfNof] . oL
eQmx¿n] ljleGg cfWoflTds k|Zg uy]{ . /d0f dxlif{n] zfGt
efjn] ltgLx¿sf lh1f;f ;dfwfg ul/lbGy] .
 d sf] x'F < 5
oxL qmddf lzjk|sfz lkNn} gfdsf JolQmn] c7\7fO{; k|Zgx¿
n]v]/ NofP / qmdzM /d0f dxlif{nfO{ tL k|Zg ;f]w] . log}
c7\7fO{; k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ dxlif{sf] df:6/ lk; s[lt …d sf]
x'F <Ú df ;d]l6Psf 5g\ .
oL k|Zgsf] pQ/ /d0f dxlif{sf] klxnf] lzIff xf] . o; s[ltdf
d sf] x'F eGg] k|Zgdfkm{t cfTdlg/LIf0fsf] ljlw pNn]v ul/Psf]
5 . cfkm}FnfO{ d sf] x'F eGg] k|Zg ubf{ klxnf t cGo ljrf/x¿
p7\5g\ . t/, ltgnfO{ k5\ofpg gnfuL s;df oL ljrf/ k}bf
ePsf 5g\ egL k|Zg ug'{k5{ . cToGt ;hu eP/ lg/Gt/
d sf] x'F eGg] k|Zg ul//xg] xf] eg] dg cfˆgf] ;|f]tdf nLg
x'G5 . ljrf/x¿ zfGt ePkl5 d eGg] ljrf/ klg ljnLg x'G5
/ cfTd ;fIffTsf/ x'G5 .
d sf] x'F eGg] k|Zg x/]s JolQmsf nflu ;DejtM ;a}eGbf
dxŒjk"0f{ k|Zg xf] . of] k|Zgsf] hjfkm vf]Hg /d0f dxlif{n]
l;sfpF5g\ . /d0fsf zAb ;/n 5g\ . pgL eG5g\, …xfdLn]
vf]h]sf] hjfkm klg ;/n 5 . xfdLn] s] a'‰g'k5{ eg] dflg;
d/0fzLn x'G5 t/ dflg;df cd/Tj klg x'G5 . cfkm"leqsf]
cd/Tj yfxf gkfO{ dg'{ 7"n} cefu xf] .Ú /d0f dxlif{n] xfdL
cfkm" sf] xf}F eGg] yfxf kfpg / cd/Tjsf] ;'v cg'e"lt ug{
kf7snfO{ k|]l/t u5{g\ .
6 d sf] x'F <
eujfg\ >L /d0f dxlif{ -@! jif{sf] pd]/df_
eujfg\ >L /d0f dxlif{
 d sf] x'F < 9

d sf] x'F <

;a} hLjn] b'Mv/lxt cgGt ;'vsf] OR5f /fV5g\ . ;a}df
cfkm}Fk|lt ;jf{lws k|]d x'G5 . ;'v g} k|]dsf] sf/0f xf] .
;'v :jod\sf] :jefj xf] . To;sf] cg'ej dg/lxt uxg
lgb|fsf] cj:yfdf x'G5 . Tof] ;'v k|fKt ug{ JolQmn] :jod\nfO{
hfGg'k5{ . To;sf nflu …d sf] x'F <Ú eGg] 1fg g} k|d'v
;fwg xf] .
!_ d sf] x'F <
;ft wft'x¿n] ag]sf] :y"n z/L/ d xf]Og . zAb, :kz{, ¿k,
/;, uGw — oL kfFr ljifox¿nfO{ u|x0f ug]{ sfg, 5fnf,
cfFvf, lha|f] / gfs — oL kfFr 1fg]lGb|o klg d xf]Og .
af]Ng], lxF8\g], u|x0f ug]{, dn Tofu ug]{, cfgGb lng] — oL
kfFr k|sf/sf lqmof ug]{ d'v, v'§f, xft, dnåf/ / hgg]lGb|o
klg d xf]Og .
Zjf;cflb kfFr sfd ug]{ k|f0fnufot kfFr jfo' klg d xf]Og .
;ª\sNk ug]{ dg klg d xf]Og . ;a} ljifo Pjd\ ;a} sd{/lxt
tyf s]jn ljifo jf;gfo'Qm c1fg klg d xf]Og .
10 d sf] x'F <

@_ olb oLdWo] d sf]xL xf]Og eg] d sf] x'F t <

plNnlvt ;a}nfO{ …g]ltg]ltÚ n] lg/:t u/]kl5 h'g s]jn
r}tGo afFsL /xG5— Tof] r}tGo d x'F .
#_ Tof] r}tGosf] :j¿k s] xf] <
r}tGosf] :j¿k ;t\lrt\ cfgGb xf] .
$_ :j¿ksf] bz{g s;/L x'G5 <
b[Zo–hut\sf] nf]k ePkl5 :j¿ksf] af]w x'G5 . :j¿k b|i6f
xf] .
%_ b[Zo–hut\sf] af]w;Fu} :j¿k bz{g x'g ;Sb}g <
;Sb}g .
^_ lsg <
b|i6f / b[Zo 8f]/L / ;k{h:t} x'G5g\ . h;/L sfNklgs ;k{sf]
ldYof 1fg ;dfKt geP;Dd 8f]/Lsf] 1fg cfpFb}g, To;}u/L
slNkt hut\b[li6sf] ljgfz geP;Dd :j¿k bz{gsf] k|flKt
x'Fb}g .
&_ b[Zo–hut\sf] af]w s;/L cGTo x'G5 <
;a} 1fg, cg'ej Pjd\ ;d:t sd{x¿sf] sf/0f dg nLg
ePkl5 hut\sf] nf]k x'G5 .
 d sf] x'F < 11
*_ dgsf] :j¿k s] xf] <
dg cfTdfdf lgjf; ug]{ cfZro{hgs zlQm xf] . o;}af6 ;a}
ljrf/ cfpF5g\ . ljrf/x¿sf] cltl/Qm dg eGg]h:tf] cyf]{s
s]xL 5}g . o;}n] ljrf/ dgsf] :j¿k xf] . ljrf/x¿sf]
cltl/Qm hut\sf] s'g} cl:tTj 5}g .
uxg lgb|fdf ha s'g} ljrf/ x'Fb}g, ta s'g} hut\ klg x'Fb}g .
hfu|t Pjd\ :jKgsf] cj:yfdf ha ljrf/ x'G5, ta huTf\‌klg
x'G5 . h;/L dfs'/f]n] :jod\ hfn a'G5 tyf k'gM To;nfO{
d'vleq} tfG5, To;}u/L dgn] hut\nfO{ k|ltlalDat u5{ tyf
k'gM :jod\df l:yt u5{ .
dg :j¿kaflx/ cfPkl5 hut\‌ k|s6 x'G5 . o;}n] ha hut\
k|s6 x'G5, ta :j¿k k|sflzt x'Fb}g / ha :j¿k k|s6
of k|sflzt x'G5, ta hut\‌ k|s6 x'Fb}g . ha s;}n] dgsf]
:j¿ksf] vf]hL u5{, ta dg ljn'Kt x'G5 / cfTdf g} afFsL
/xG5 .
dgsf] cl:tTj ;b}j s'g} :y"n j:t'df cjnlDat x'G5 . dg
PSn} /xg ;Sb}g . h;nfO{ ;"Id z/L/ of hLj elgG5, Tof]
dg g} xf] .
(_ dgsf] :j¿k a'‰gsf nflu cGj]if0fsf] pkfo s] xf] <
z/L/df h'g …dÚ sf] ¿kdf pbo x'G5, Tof] dg xf] . ;j{k|yd
…dÚ eGg] ljrf/ z/L/df sxfFaf6 pbo x'G5 egL s;}n] vf]hL
12 d sf] x'F <

u5{ eg] Åboaf6 pbo x'G5 eGg] p;nfO{ yfxf x'G5 . Åbo
dg pbo x'g] ;|f]t xf] . olb s;}n] nuftf/ …dÚ, …dÚ ;f]R5
eg] klg pm Tof] :yfg cyf{t\ ;|f]t;Dd k'Ug]5 .
dgdf pbo x'g] ;a} ljrf/x¿df …dÚ eGg] ljrf/ klxnf] xf] .
k|yd JolQm ;j{gfdsf] pbo ePkl5 g} låtLo of t[tLo
;j{gfd k|s6 x'G5g\ . k|yd j}olQms ;j{gfdljgf låtLo of
t[tLo x'g ;Sb}gg\ .
!)_ dg l:y/ Pjd\ zfGt s;/L x'G5 <
…d sf] x'F <Ú of] cGj]if0fåf/f g} dg zfGt x'G5 . …d sf] x'FÚ
eGg] ljrf/n] cGo ;a} ljrf/x¿ gi6 ul/lbG5 tyf h;/L
zj hnfpg k|of]u ul/Psf] nÝL cGtdf :jod\ hN5 To;}u/L
cGj]if0fsf qmddf cGttM dg :jod\ klg gi6 x'G5, ta ToxfF
:j¿k bz{g x'G5 .
!!_ …d sf] x'FÚ of] ljrf/nfO{ ;b}j :d/0f ul//xg]
tl/sf s] xf] <
olb cGo ljrf/x¿ cfpF5g\ eg] tLk|lt Wofg glbO{ tL ljrf/
s;sf nflu pbo x'G5g\ < cGj]if0f ug{'k5{ . rfx] hlt g}
ljrf/ cfpF5g\ eg] klg s] km/s k5{ < hltv]/ s'g} ljrf/
cfpF5g\, Toltv]/} JolQmn] s;sf nflu oL ljrf/ pbo eP
egL tTk/tfsf ;fy vf]hL ug{'k5{ .
 d sf] x'F < 13
pQ/ cfpF5 …d]/f nfluÚ . Toltv]/ …d sf] x'FÚ eg]/ JolQmn]
vf]hL u/]df dg cfˆgf] ;|f]tdf kms]{/ hfG5 / pbo ePsf]
ljrf/ zfGt x'G5 .
o;sf] af/Daf/ cEof;af6 dgn] cfˆgf] ;|f]tdf /xg] bIftf
ljsl;t ub{5 . ;"Id dg a'l4 Pjd\ 1fg]lGb|oåf/f aflx/
hfFbf :y"n gfd, ¿k k|s6 x'G5g\ / ha of] Åbodf lgjf;
u5{, ta gfd, ¿k ljn'Kt x'G5g\ .
dgnfO{ aflx/ hfgaf6 /f]s]/ Åbodf l:y/ ug{'nfO{ cGtd{'vL
x'g' elgG5 . dgnfO{ Åbob]lv aflx/ hfg lbg'nfO{ alxd{'vL
x'g' elgG5 .
o;k|sf/ ha dg Åbodf lgjf; u5{, ta ;a} ljrf/sf] d"n
…dÚ n'Kt x'G5 / ;b}j cl:tTjdfg :j¿k k|sflzt x'G5 .
JolQmn] rfx] h] u/f];\, p;n] …dÚ eGg] cxª\sf/ljgf ug{'k5{ .
s;}n] o;/L sd{ u5{ eg] p;sf ;fd' ;a} s'/f lzj :j¿kdf
k|s6 x'G5g\ .
!@_ s] dgf]lgu|xsf cGo pkfo 5}gg\ <
cfTdljrf/sf cltl/Qm s'g} pko'Qm pkfo 5}gg\ . olb cGo
pkfoåf/f dg lgoGq0fsf] k|of; ul/G5 eg] dg lgolGqt
ePh:tf] nfU5 t/ k'gM k|s6 eOxfN5 .
k|f0ffofdåf/f klg dg l:y/ x'G5 . t/, dg ta;Dd lgolGqt
/xG5, ha;Dd k|f0f lgolGqt /xG5 / ha Zjf;k|Zjf; cf/De
14 d sf] x'F <

x'G5, ta dg k'gM ultzLn x'G5 tyf ;l~rt jf;gfcg'¿k

ef}Ftfl/G5 .
dg / k|f0f b'js
} f] ;|ft] Pp6} xf] . lgZro g} ljrf/ dgsf] :j¿k
xf] . …dÚ sf] ljrf/ dgsf] k|yd ljrf/ xf] / oxL cxª\sf/
xf] . hxfFaf6 cxª\sf/ pTkGg x'G5, ToxLFaf6 Zjf;k|Zjf; klg
cf/De x'G5 . ctM ha dg l:y/ x'G5, ta Zjf; lgolGqt x'G5
/ ha Zjf; lgolGqt x'G5, ta dg l:y/ x'G5 .
;'if'lKtdf eg] dg l:y/ /x] klg Zjf; /f]lsFb}g . O{Zj/Lo
OR5fsf sf/0f o:tf] ePsf] xf], tf ls z/L/ ;'/lIft /xf];\ /
dflg;x¿n] of] d¥of] eGg] g7fg"g\ .
hfu|t Pjd\ ;dflwsf] cj:yfdf dg l:y/ ePsf a]nf Zjf;
lgolGqt /xG5 . k|f0f dgsf] :y"n ¿k xf] . d[To'sf] If0f;Dd
dgn] k|f0fnfO{ z/L/df /fV5 . z/L/ d/]kl5 dgn] k|f0fnfO{
;Fu} lnP/ hfG5 .
To;}n] k|f0ffofdsf] cEof; dgf]lgu|xdf ;xfos t x'G5, lsGt'
o;n] dgnfO{ gfz ub}{g .
k|f0ffofdh:t} d"lt{Wofg, dGqhk, cfxf/ lgodg cflb dgnfO{
lgoGq0f ug{ ;xfos x'G5g\ . d"lt{Wofg Pjd\ dGqhkåf/f dg
Psfu| x'g hfG5 . dgsf] :jefj xf] ;w}F r~rn /xg' .
h;/L ;w}F r~rn /xg] xfQLsf] ;"F8df olb Pp6f hl~h/
lbg] xf] eg] c¿ j:t'sf] ;f6f] hl~h/nfO{ g} kqm]/ rln/xG5,
 d sf] x'F < 15
p;}u/L dgnfO{ klg s'g} gfd of ¿kdf cg'/Qm /xg]
cEof;åf/f hf]l8of] eg] dgn] To;}nfO{ u|x0f ul//xg]5 .
dg c;ª\Vo ljrf/x¿sf ¿kdf km}nFbf k|To]s ljrf/ cToGt
anxLg x'G5g\ . lsGt' ljrf/x¿ nLg x'g yfn]kl5 dg Psfu|
Pjd\ anjfg\ x'g yfN5 . o:tf] Psfu| / anjfg\ dgsf nflu
cfTd–cGj]if0f ;/n x'G5 .
;a} lgodx¿df >]i7 ldt Pjd\ ;flTjs cfxf/ xf] . oL
lgodx¿sf] kfngfåf/f dgdf ;Tju'0fsf] j[l4 x'G5, h'g
cfTd–cGj]if0fdf ;xfos x'G5 .
!#_ ;d'b|sf nx/x¿h:t} ;l~rt ljifo jf;gfx¿sf
c;Lldt ljrf/ k|s6 x'G5g\ . tL ;a} slxn]
gi6 x'G5g\ <
:j¿k Wofg tLj| x'g yfn]kl5 tL ljrf/ qmdzM gi6 x'G5g\ .
!$_ cflbsfnb]lv rlncfPsf ljifo, jf;gfx¿sf]
gfz x'g tyf :j¿kdfq alg/xg ;Dej 5 <
o:tf] x'g ;Dej 5 of 5}g eGg] cfzª\sfnfO{ :yfg glbO{
lg/Gt/ :j¿k Wofgdf b[9 /xg'k5{ . sf]xL rfx] hlt g}
7"nf] kfkL lsg gxf];\, …d t kfkL x'F, d]/f] p4f/ s;/L x'g
;Snf <Ú egL bLg efjgfn] k|nfk gu/L d kfkL x'F eGg] ljrf/
k"/} Tofu]/ olb pm ;tt ¿kn] :j¿k Wofgdf ;+nUg /Xof]
eg] lgZro g} ;kmn x'g]5 .
16 d sf] x'F <

z'e dg / cz'e dg, o:tf b'O{ dg x'Fb}gg\ . dg Pp6} x'G5 .

s]jn jf;gfx¿ z'e Pjd\ cz'e b'O{ k|sf/sf x'G5g\ . dg z'e
jf;gfx¿sf] jzLe"t x'G5 eg] To:tf] dgnfO{ z'e dg elgG5
/ cz'e jf;gfx¿sf] jzLe"t /xG5 eg] cz'e dg elgG5 .
k|k~r ljifox¿df dg nufpg'x'Fb}g . c¿sf sfddf x:tIf]k
ug{'x'Fb}g . c¿ dfG5] hlt g} v/fa xf]pmg\, tLk|lt å]if ug'{x'Fb}g .
/fu, å]if b'j} TofHo 5g\ .
c¿nfO{ h] lbOG5, Tof] ;a} cfkm}FnfO{ lbOPsf] x'G5 . of] ;To
a'em]kl5 s;n] c¿nfO{ bfg lbg grfxnf < xfdL hlt ljgd|
cfr/0f u5f}{+, Tolt g} xfd|f] lxt x'G5 . dgnfO{ lgoGq0fdf
/fv]/ xfdL hxfF /xg klg ;S5f}F .
!%_ cfTd–lgoGq0fsf] cEof; xfdLn] slxn];Dd
ug{'k5{ <
dgdf ljifojf;gf /xFbf;Dd …d sf] x'F <Ú o:tf] cGj]if0f
cfjZos x'G5 . haha ljrf/ p7\5g\, tata ltgsf]
pTklQ:yfgdf g} cfTd–cGj]if0fåf/f tL ;a}sf] gfz ug{'k5{ .
cfTd–:j¿ksf] k|flKt;Dd olb sf]xL lg/Gt/ :j¿k :d/0fdf
/xG5 eg] oxL Pp6f ;fwgf g} kof{Kt 5 . lsNnfleq zq'
/xFbf;Dd tL ToxfFaf6 aflx/ cfO g} /xG5g\ . zq'x¿ aflx/
cfpgf;fy ltgnfO{ gi6 ul/lbg] xf] eg] lsNnf xft nfUg]5 .
 d sf] x'F < 17
!^_ :j¿ksf] :jefj s] xf] <
oyfy{df cl:tTjdf ePhlt ;a} cfTd–:j¿k x'g\ . hut\, hLj
/ O{Zj/ o;df df]tLdf rfFbLsf] cfef; ePh:t} slNkt k|tLlt
x'g\ . oL tLg} Ps} ;dodf k|s6 eP/ Ps} ;dodf ljn'Kt
x'G5g\ . h'g :yfgfdf …dÚ sf] slQ klg ljrf/ x'Fb}g, ToxfF
:j¿k x'G5, ToxL df}g xf] . :j¿k :jod]j hut\‌ xf], :j¿k
:jod]j …dÚ xf], :j¿k :jod]j O{Zj/ xf], ;a} lzj:j¿k x'g\ .
!&_ ;a} O{Zj/sf sfo{ xf]Ogg\ / <
ljgfOR5f, ;ª\sNk of k|of; ;"o{ pbfpF5 / To;sf] pkl:ylt
dfqn] ;"o{sfGt dl0fdf cfuf] k}bf x'G5, sdn kmlqmG5, kfgL
jflikt x'G5, dflg;x¿ ljleGg sfo{df k|j[Q x'G5g\ tyf sfd
;s]kl5 lgliqmo x'G5g\ .
r'Das;fd' ;'O{ 3'd]h:t} ;ª\sNkljxLg O{Zj/sf] ;lGglw ljz]if
dfqn] x'g] lqsd{x¿ cyjf k~r–s[Tox¿n] lgolGqt, ;a}
hLj cfˆgf]–cfˆgf] sdf{g';f/ sfo{ u/]/ lj>fd ub{5g\ .
o;sf] ljk/Lt O{Zj/ ;ª\sNk/lxt 5, pm s'g} sd{n] afFlwPsf]
5}g . of] ;f+;fl/s ultljlwx¿n] ;"o{nfO{ k|efljt gu/]h:t}
of cGo rf/ e"t — k[YjL, hn, clUg, jfo' — n] ;j{q
km}lnPsf] cfsfznfO{ k|efljt gu/]h:t} xf] .
18 d sf] x'F <

!*_ eQmx¿df >]i7 sf] xf] <

:j¿ksf ¿kdf pkl:yt O{Zj/k|lt h;n] :jod\nfO{ ;dlk{t
ub{5, pxL ;aeGbf pQd eQm xf] . cfkm"nfO{ O{Zj/k|lt
;dlk{t ug{'sf] cy{ cfTdfafx]s cGo ljrf/x¿ pbo x'g]
:yfg glbO{ lg/Gt/ cfTdfdf /xg' xf] .
O{Zj/dfly h] ˆofFlsG5, Tof] p;n] jxg u5{ . k/d]Zj/
zlQmn] ;sn j:t'x¿nfO{ ;~rflnt u5{ eg] cfkm"nfO{
p;k|lt ;dlk{t gu/L lsg xfdL s] ug]{ xf], s;/L ug]{ xf]
eg]/ lg/Gt/ ljrf/åf/f lrGtf u5f}{+ <
xfdL hfGb5f}F— /]nuf8Ln] ;a} ef/L lnP/ hfG5 . /]n r9]kl5
xfdLn] ;–;fgf ef/L /]ndf /fv]/ cf/fd cg'ej ug{'kg]{df b'Mv
;x]/ cfˆgf] 6fpsf]df /fv]/ lsg a:g'k¥of] <
!(_ j}/fUo s] xf] <
ljrf/ cfpgf;fy ltgnfO{, ltgs} hGd:yfgdf s'g} cjz]if
g/xg] u/L t'?Gt gi6 ul/lbg' j}/fUo xf] . Pp6f uf]tfvf]/n]
cfˆgf] sDd/df 9'ª\uf afFw]/ ;d'b|sf] ulx/fOdf k'uL df]tL
km]nf kf/]h:t} xfdL ;a}n] j}/fUoåf/f cfkm" :jod\leq uf]tf
nufpg'k5{ / cfTdf¿kL df]tL k|fKt ug{'k5{ .
@)_ s] O{Zj/ of u'?n] s'g} hLjnfO{ d'lQm lbg ;Sb}gg\ <
O{Zj/ of u'?n] s]jn d'lQmsf] dfu{ b]vfpF5g\, tL :jod\n]
s;}nfO{ d'lQmsf] cj:yfdf k'‍¥ofpg ;Sb}gg\ .
 d sf] x'F < 19
jf:tjdf O{Zj/ Pjd\ u'? km/s xf]Ogg\ . lrt'jfsf] k~hfdf
cfPsf] lzsf/ pDsg g;s]h:t} hf] u'?sf] cg'sDkf b[li6sf]
kl/lwdf cfO;s]sf 5g\, tL gi6 x'Fb}gg\, u'?åf/f /lIft
x'G5g\ .
oBlk, x/]sn] O{Zj/ of u'?åf/f bzf{OPsf dfu{df :jod\
k|oTg ub}{ d'lQm k|fKt ug{'k5{ . :jod\nfO{ :jod\sf] 1fgrIf'åf/f
hfGg] xf], c¿ s;}sf] rIf'åf/f s;/L hfGg ;lsG5 < /fdnfO{
cfkm" /fd x'F eGg] hfGgsf nflu P]gfsf] cfjZostf x'G5 / <
@!_ d'lQm rfxg]n] s'g tŒjx¿sf] cGj]if0f ug{'k5{ <
h;/L s;}n] kmf]xf]/ ˆofFSg rfxG5 eg] of] s] xf] eg]/ To;sf]
ljZn]if0f ug]{ cfjZostf kb}{g, To;}u/L :jod\nfO{ hfGg
rfxg]n] :j¿knfO{ 9fSg] tŒjx¿nfO{ lg/:t ug{'kg]{df ltgsf]
;ª\Vof u0fgf ug]{ of ltgsf ljz]iftf hfGg] cfjZostf
x'Fb}g . ;+;f/nfO{ :jKgh:tf] dfGg'k5{ .
@@_ s] hfu|t Pjd\ :jKgdf s]xL e]b 5}g <
hfu|tsf] cj:yf bL3{ tyf :jKgsf] cj:yf Ifl0fs x'G5,
o;sf cltl/Qm ltgdf s'g} e]b x'Fb}g . hfu|tdf hfu|tsf
36gf hlt ;To nfU5Gf\, p;}u/L :jKgdf :jKgsf 36gf plt
g} jf:tljs nfU5g\ .
:jKgdf dgn] Pp6f cs}{ z/L/ wf/0f u5{ . hfu|t Pjd\ :jKg
b'j} cj:yfdf gfd, ¿ksf ljrf/ qmdzM cfO/xG5g\ .
20 d sf] x'F <

@#_ s] d'd'If'sf nflu k':tsx¿ k9\g' pkof]uL x'G5 <

;a} zf:qn] d'lQm kfpgsf nflu dgnfO{ lgu|lxt -lgoGq0f_
ug{'k5{ eG5g\ . ltgsf pkb]zsf] ;f/ dgnfO{ zfGt agfpg'k5{
eGg] xf] . Ps k6s of] a'em]kl5 k':tsx¿sf] cTolws
cWoogsf] s'g} cfjZostf 5}g .
dgnfO{ l:y/ agfpgsf nflu cfkm" :jod\leq of] :jod\ s] xf]
egL s]jn cGj]if0f ug'{k5{ . of] cGj]if0f k':tsx¿df s;/L
ug{ ;lsG5 < cfˆg} 1fgb[li6n] cfˆgf] cfTdfnfO{ hfGg'k5{ .
:j¿k k~rsf]zleq x'G5 t/ k':tsx¿ k~rsf]zaflx/
x'G5g\ . cfkm" :jod\sf] cGj]if0f k~rsf]zsf] lg/:tLs/0fåf/f
ug{' 5 eg] of] k':tsx¿df ug{' Joy{ xf]Og / < Pp6f ;do
cfpg]5, ha l;s]sf ;a} s'/fx¿ e'Ng'kg]{5 .
@$_ ;'v s] xf] <
;'v cfTdfsf] ;xh :jefj xf] . ;'v Pjd\ :j¿k cnu
xf]Ogg\ . ;+;f/sf] s'g} klg j:t'df s]xL ;'v 5}g . xfdL
cfˆgf] cljj]ssf] sf/0fn] k|k~r j:t'x¿af6 ;'v k|fKt x'G5
eGg] sNkgf u5f}{+ .
dg ha alxd{'vL x'G5, ta b'Mv cg'ej u5{ . jf:tjdf dgsf
OR5fx¿ k"0f{ ePkl5 dg k'gM cfˆgf] ;|f]tdf kms{G5 tyf
s]jn cfTd;'v cg'ej u5{ .
 d sf] x'F < 21
o:tf] k|sf/sf] l:ylt ulx/f] lgb|f, ;dflw of d"R5f{sf]
cj:yfdf x'G5 . /, ha rfx]sf] j:t' k|fKt x'G5 of grfx]sf]
j:t' klG5G5, dg leqlt/ kms{G5 .
cGtd{'vL eP/ dgn] s]jn cfTd;'v cg'ej u5{ . t/, o;}u/L
slxNo} lj>fd gu/L lg/Gt/ ¿kdf dg slxn] cfTdfaf6
aflx/ hfG5 / slxn] k'gM cfTdflt/ kms{G5 .
¿vd'lgsf] 5fof ;'vb nfU5 eg] v'nf 7fpFsf] udL{ ;xg
;lsFb}g . udL{df 5fof 5f]8]/ otfptf ef}Ftfl/g] / k'gM 5fofdf
kms{g] JolQm cljj]sL xf] . Pp6f ljj]sL dflg; :yfoL ¿kn]
5fofdf al;/fV5 . To;}u/L 1fgLsf] dgn] a|XdnfO{ 5f]8\b}g .
c1fgLsf] dg ;+;f/df 3'ld/xG5 tyf b'Mvsf] cg'e"lt
ul//xG5 / cNk ;dosf nflu cfgGbsf] cg'e"lt ug{ k'gM
a|Xddf kms{G5 . jf:tjdf h;nfO{ hut\ elgPsf] 5, Tof]
s]jn ljrf/ xf] .
ha hut\ ljn'Kt x'G5, ha s'g} ljrf/ /xFb}g eg] dgn]
cfgGbsf] cg'e"lt u5{ . hut\ k|s6 ePkl5 p;nfO{ b'Mvsf]
cg'e"lt x'G5 .
@%_ 1fgb[li6 s] xf] <
df}g /xg' 1fgb[li6 xf] . df}g /xg'sf] cy{ dgnfO{ cfTd–
:j¿kdf nLg ug{' xf] . o; cj:yfnfO{ g} 1fg b[li6 elgG5 .
c¿sf ljrf/ k9\g' of hfGg', e"t, eljio Pjd\ jt{dfgsf]
22 d sf] x'F <

lqsfn 1fg, 6f9fsf b]zx¿sf kbfy{x¿nfO{ hfGg' of u|x0f

ug{' oL ;a}nfO{ slxNo} 1fgb[li6 eGg ;lsFb}g .
@^_ j}/fUo / 1fgaLr s] ;DaGw 5 <
j}/fUo :jod\ 1fg xf] . j}/fUo / 1fg cnu xf]Ogg\ . j:t'tM
b'j} Ps} x'g\ . j}/fUon] cfTdfaf6 dgnfO{ s'g} j:t'lt/ hfgaf6
/f]S5 . 1fgsf] cy{ cfTdfsf] cltl/Qm s'g} j:t' k|s6 gx'g'
xf] . csf]{ zAbdf s'g} cGo j:t'df k|j[Q gx'g' j}/fUo xf] .
:j¿knfO{ slxNo} kl/Tofu gug{' 1fg xf] .
@&_ cGj]if0f Pjd\ Wofgdf s] km/s 5 <
cfˆg} cfTdfdf dgnfO{ l:yt ug{' cGj]if0f xf] . xfdL :jod\
a|Xd xf}F, ;lRrbfgGb xf}F, o:tf] cgj/t efj Wofg xf] .
@*_ d'lQm s] xf] <
aGwgdf k/]sf] cxd\sf] cGj]if0f ug{' tyf aGwgaf6 d'Qm cfkm"
:jod\sf] oyfy{ :j¿knfO{ hfGg' d'lQm xf] .
ìì
 d sf] x'F < 23

lgaGwfTds

d sf] x'F <

;a} k|f0fL b'Mv/lxt eO{ ;b}j ;'vL /xg rfxG5g\ . ;a}nfO{
cfkm}F;Fu cTolws k|]d x'G5 . ;'v ltgsf] jf:tljs k|s[lt ePsf]
x'gfn] ;a} ;w}}F ;'vL /xg rfx]sf x'g\ . To;}n] ;a}sf] :jefj ;'v,
h;sf] cg'e"lt dgljxLg lgb|fdf k|ltlbg x'G5, To;nfO{ kfpgsf
nflu :jod\nfO{ hfGg cfjZos x'G5 .
cfkm"nfO{ hfGgsf nflu …d sf] x'FÚ eGg] 1fgsf] lrGtg k|d'v
;fwg xf] .
…d sf] x'F <Ú
;ft wft'x¿n] ag]sf] :y"n z/L/ d xf]Og . zAb, :kz{, ¿k, /;,
uGw– oL kfFr ljifox¿nfO{ u|x0f ug]{ sfg, 5fnf, cfFvf, lhe|f] /
gfs– oL kfFr 1fg]lGb|o klg d xf]Og . af]Ng], lxF8\g], u|x0f ug]{,
dn Tofu ug]{, cfgGb lng]— oL kfFr k|sf/sf lqmof ug]{ d'v,
v'§f, xft, dnåf/ / hgg]lGb|o klg d xf]Og .
Zjf; cflb kfFr sfd ug]{ k|f0fnufot kfFr jfo' klg d xf]Og .
;ª\sNk ug]{ dg klg d xf]Og . ;a} ljifo Pjd\ ;a} sd{/lxt tyf
s]jn ljifo–jf;gfo'Qm c1fg klg d xf]Og . plNnlvt ;a}nfO{
…g]ltg]ltÚ n] lg/:t u/]kl5 h'g s]jn r}tGo afFsL /xG5, Tof]
r}tGo d x'F . r}tGosf] :j¿k ;t\lrt\ cfgGb xf] .
24 d sf] x'F <

;sn 1fg Pjd\ ;d:t lqmofx¿sf] x]t' / cfwf/ dg nLg eof]

eg] hut\b[li6 b"/ x'g]5 . h;/L slNkt ;k{1fg cGTo geO{
clwi7fg /Hh' 1fg x'Fb}g, To;}u/L slNkt hut\b[li6 cGTo geO{
clwi7fg cyf{t\ :j¿k bz{g ;Dej 5}g .
dg cfTdfdf /xg] Ps cb\e't zlQm xf] . dgn] ;a} ljrf/ pTkGg
u5{ . ;d:t ljrf/x¿ x6fP/ x]bf{ dg eGg] s'g} cnu j:t'
/xFb}g . ctM ljrf/ g} dgsf] :j¿k xf] . ljrf/x¿afx]s hut\
eGg] s'g} leGg j:t' 5}g . ;'if'lKtdf ljrf/ x'Fb}g, To;}n] hut\
klg x'Fb}g . hfu|t Pjd\ :jKgdf ljrf/x¿ x'G5g\, To;}n] hut\
klg x'G5 .
h;/L dfs'/f]n] cfˆgf] leqaf6 tGt' lgsfn]/ hfn a'G5 / km]l/
To;nfO{ leq lvFR5, To;}u/L dgn] klg cfˆgf] leqaf6 hut\‌
k|s6 u5{ / k'gM To;nfO{ cfkm}Fleq nLg u5{ .
dg cfTd–:j¿kaf6 aflx/ lg:s]kl5 huTf\‌ k|s6 x'G5 . To;}n]
hut\ k|s6 ePkl5 :j¿k b]vf kb}{g tyf ha :j¿k k|sflzt
x'G5 ta hut\ b]vf kb}{g . dgsf] :j¿k 5fglag ub}{ uPdf cfTdf
g} dg xf] eGg] yfxf x'G5 .
…:jod\Ú sf] cy{ cfTdf g} xf] . dg ;b}j s'g} Ps :y"n j:t'sf]
cfnDag lnP/ dfq} /xg ;S5 . dg PSn} l6Sg ;Sb}g . dgnfO{
g} ;"Id z/L/ of hLj elgG5 .
of] b]xdf h'g ÚdÚ sf ¿kdf pbo x'G5, Tof] dg xf] . …dÚ ljrf/
b]xdf ;j{k|yd sxfFaf6 pbo x'G5 eg]/ cGj]if0f ubf{ yfxf x'G5
…dÚ ljrf/ Åboaf6 pbo x'G5 . ToxL dgsf] pb\ud :yfg xf] .
 d sf] x'F < 25
lg/Gt/ …dÚ lrGtg ub}{ /x]df klg o; lrGtgn] …ToxfFÚ k'¥ofOlbG5 .
dgdf p7\g] ;a} ljrf/dWo] …dÚ ljrf/ k|yd ljrf/ xf] . Tof] pbo
ePkl5 cGo ;a} ljrf/ pbo x'G5g\ . pQd k'?if pbo ePkl5
g} dWod k'?if / cGo k'?if pbo x'G5g\, pQd k'?ifljgf dWod
k'?if / cGo k'?if l6Sb}gg\ .
…d sf] x'F <Ú eGg] cGj]if0fåf/f g} dg lg?4 x'g ;S5 . …d sf]
x'F <Ú cGj]if0f cGo ;d:t ljrf/x¿sf] gfz u/]/ zj hnfpg]
nÝLh:t} kl5 :jod\ klg ljgi6 x'g]5 . cGo ljrf/ p7]df
ltgnfO{ k"/f x'g] cj;/ glbO{ …oL ljrf/ s;/L p7] <Ú egL
cGj]if0f ug{'k5{ .
hlt g} ljrf/ lsg gp7"g\, k|To]s ljrf/ p7\bf g} ;ts{ eP/
…of] ljrf/ s;nfO{ p7\of]Ú eg]/ cGj]if0f ubf{ …dnfO{ p7\of]Ú eGg]
yfxf x'G5 .
ta …d sf] x'F <Ú cGj]if0fåf/f dg cfˆgf] pb\ud :yfgdf kms]{/
cfpg]5 . pbo ePsf] ljrf/ klg nLg x'g hfg]5 . o;k|sf/
cEof; ub}{ /xFbf cfˆgf] pb\ud :yfgdf ;'l:yt /xg] zlQm dgdf
a9\g]5 .
;"Id dg ha dl:tis Pjd\ OlGb|ox¿åf/f alxd{'vL x'G5, ta :y"n
gfd, ¿k b[Zodfg x'G5g\ . dg ha Åbodf l6ls/xG5, ta gfd,
¿k lt/f]lxt x'g hfG5g\ . dgnfO{ aflx/ lgSng glbO{ Åbodf
;'l:yt /fVg'nfO{ cGtd{'vtf elgG5 .
o;k|sf/ dg Åbodf cjl:yt ePkl5 ;sn ljrf/x¿sf] d"n
…dÚ ljgi6 eP/ ;b}j ljBdfg :jod\ :j¿k g} k|sflzt
x'G5 . hxfF …dÚ ljrf/ n];dfq klg /xFb}g, Tof] :jod\ ¿k xf] .
26 d sf] x'F <

ToxL df}g sxnfpF5 . o;k|sf/ lgZrn /xg'sf] gfd g} 1fgb[li6

xf] .
1fgb[li6 lgZrn /xg' cyf{t\ dgnfO{ cfTd–:j¿kdf ljnLg ug{'
g} xf] . o;sf] ljk/Lt c¿sf] ljrf/ hfGg', lqsfnsf] hfgsf/L
/fVg', ;'b"/ b]zx¿df 36\g] 36gfx¿ hfGg', oL ;a} 1fgb[li6 x'g
;Sb}gg\ .
Psdfq cfTdf oyfy{df cl:tTjdfg 5 . hut\, hLj Pjd\ O{Zj/
l;kLdf rfFbL;dfg To;df cWof/f]k0f x'g\ . oL tLg} Ps} ;dodf
b[Zodfg x'G5g\ tyf Ps} ;dodf cb[Zo x'G5g\ . cfTd–:j¿k g}
hut\ xf] . cfTd–:j¿k g} …dÚ xf], cfTd–:j¿k g} O{Zj/ xf] . ;a}
lzj:j¿k x'g\ .
dgf]lg/f]wsf nflu cfTd–cGj]if0fsf cltl/Qm c¿ s'g} ;d'lrt
pkfo 5}g . cGo pkfoåf/f lg/f]w ul/of] eg] dg lg?4 ePh:tf]
cfef; x'g]5 / k'gM aflx/ lg:sL cfpg]5 .
k|f0ffofdåf/f klg dg lg?4 x'G5, lsGt' k|f0f ha;Dd lgu|lxt
x'G5, ta;Dd dg klg lg?4 /xG5 . k|f0f aflx/ lgSngf;fy dg
klg alxuf{dL eP/ jf;gfsf] jzLe"t x'Fb} ef}Ftfl/g yfNg]5 . dg
Pjd\ k|f0f b'j}sf] pb\ud :yfg Pp6} xf] .
ljrf/ g} dgsf] :j¿k xf] . …dÚ ljrf/ g} dgsf] k|yd ljrf/ xf] .
ToxL cxª\sf/ xf] . cxª\sf/ hxfFaf6 pbo x'G5, ToxLFaf6 Zjf;
klg lg:sG5 . ha dgsf] no x'G5 ta k|f0fsf] klg no x'G5 .
ha k|f0fsf] no x'G5, ta dgsf] klg no x'G5 .
 d sf] x'F < 27
;'if'lKtdf oBlk dg nLg /xG5, tyflk k|f0fsf] no x'Fb}g . z/L/sf]
/Iffsf nflu …z/L/ dl/;s]sf] t x}g <Ú eGg] cfzª\sf c¿nfO{
gxf];\ eg]/ O{Zj/n] o:tf] rfx]sf] xf] . hfu|t Pjd\ ;dflwdf ha
dg nLg x'G5, ta k|f0f klg nout x'G5 .
k|f0f dgsf] :y"n ¿k sxnfpF5 . d[To'sf] ;do;Dd dgn] k|f0fnfO{
z/L/df l6sfO/fV5, z/L/ d/]kl5 sfnn] p;nfO{ x/0f u/]/
n}hfG5 . ctM k|f0ffofd dgf]lg/f]wdf ;xfos 5, lsGt' k|f0ffofdn]
dgnfO{ gfz ub}{g .
k|f0ffofdh:t} d"lt{Wofg, dGqhk / cfxf/ lgod klg dgf]lg/f]wdf
;xfos x'G5g\ . d"lt{Wofg / dGqhkåf/f dg Psfu| x'G5 .
;b}j rnfodfg /xg] xfQLsf] ;"F8df olb Pp6f ;fª\nf] lbg] xf]
eg] h;/L Tof] xfQL s'g} cGo j:t'nfO{ kqmg] k|of; gu/L ToxL
;fª\nf] kqm]/ rln/xG5, To;}u/L ;bf r~rn /xg] dgnfO{ klg
s'g} gfd of ¿kdf cEo:t u/fOof] eg] To;}nfO{ u|x0f ul//xg]5 .
dg c;ª\Vo ljrf/x¿sf ¿kdf km}nG5 / k|To]s ljrf/ cToGt
b'a{n x'G5 . cEof;åf/f zlQmzfnL ag]sf] dgnfO{ cfTd–cGj]if0f
;xhtf;fy l;4 x'G5 . ;a} lgodx¿df >]i7 ldt ;flTjs
cfxf/åf/f dgdf ;Tju'0fsf] j[l4 x'G5, h'g cfTd–cGj]if0fdf
;xfos x'G5 .
w]/} nfdf] ;dob]lv rlncfPsf ljifo, jf;gfx¿ ;d'b|sf nx/
h:t} c;Lldt b]lvP klg tL ;a} g} :j¿k k|sflzt x'Fbfx'Fb} ljgi6
x'g hfg]5g\ .
28 d sf] x'F <

…s] oL ;a} ljifo jf;gfx¿ ljgi6 xf]nfg\ / d :j¿k dfqdf

;'l:yt /xg ;s"Fnf <Ú o:tf] ;Gb]xo'Qm ljrf/nfO{ :yfg glbO{
:j¿k Wofgdf lg/Gt/ ;'b[9 /xg'k5{ .
sf]xL rfx] slt g} 7"nf] kfkL lsg gxf];\, …d t kfkL x'F, d]/f] p4f/
s;/L x'g ;Snf <Ú o;k|sf/ bLg, b'MvL eP/ k|nfk gu/L, …d
kfkL x'FÚ o:tf] ljrf/;d]t laNs'n Tofu]/ olb pm :j¿k Wofgdf
;tt ;+nUg /xG5 eg] lgZro g} p;sf] p4f/ x'g]5 .
ha;Dd dgdf ljifojf;gf x'G5 ta;Dd …d sf] x'FÚ sf] cGj]if0f klg
cfjZos x'G5 . hlt–hltv]/ ljrf/x¿ p7\5g\, Tolt–Toltv]/
ltgsf] pTklQ :yfgd} cGj]if0fåf/f tL ;a}sf] gfz ug{'k5{ .
cGo ljifox¿df Wofg glbg' j}/fUo cyjf lg:k[xtf xf] . cfˆgf]
cfTd–:j¿knfO{ gTofUg' 1fg xf] . jf:tjdf oL b'j} Ps} x'g\ .
h;/L uf]tfvf]/x¿ cfˆgf] sDd/df kTy/ afFw]/ 8'a'NsL nufpFb}
;d'b|sf] ulx/fOdf /x]sf df]tL lgsfN5g\, To;}u/L x/]sn] j}/fUo
wf/0f u/L cfˆgf] cGt/dgdf ulx/f] 8'a'NsL nufpFb} cfTddf]tL
k|fKt ug{ ;S5g\ .
:j–:j¿k k|fKt gx'Fbf;Dd olb sf]xL lg/Gt/ :j–:j¿k :d/0fdf
;+nUg /xG5 eg] oxL Ps ljlw kof{Kt 5 . ha;Dd lsNnfleq
zq' x'G5g\, ta;Dd tL ToxfFaf6 aflx/ cfO{ g} /xG5g\ . hlthlt
tL aflx/ cfpF5g\, ltgnfO{ ;dfKt ul/lbg] xf] eg] lsNnf xft
nfUg]5 .
 d sf] x'F < 29
O{Zj/ Pjd\ ;b\u'? jf:tjdf leGg xf]Ogg\ . h;/L af3sf] d'vdf
k/]sf] lzsf/ aRg ;Sb}g, 7Ls To;}u/L hf]dfly ;b\u'?sf]
s[kfb[li6 kg{ hfG5, tL cjZo g} /lIft x'g]5g\, slxNo} gi6 x'g]
5}gg\ . t/, ;a}n] ;b\u'?åf/f lgb]{lzt af6f]sf] cr"s cg';/0f
ug{'k5{ .
cfTdlrGtgsf cltl/Qm c¿ s'g} lrGtg p7\gsf nflu slQ klg
cjsfz glbO{ cfTdlgi7fdf /xg' g} cfkm"nfO{ O{Zj/df ;dlk{t ug{'
xf] . O{Zj/dfly rfx] hlt g} ef/ 5f]8f}F, O{Zj/n] ;d:t ef/ jxg
ub{5g\ .
ha Ps k/d]Zj/ zlQm ;a} sfo{x¿ ;~rfng ul//xG5g\ eg]
xfdL pgsf] cwLgdf g/xL …o:tf] ug{'k¥of], p:tf] ug{'k¥of]Ú egL
lsg ;f]lr/xG5f}F <
/]nuf8Ln] ;a} ef/ jxg u/]/ lnP/ hfG5 . of] hfGbfhfGb} klg
To;df ofqf ug]{ xfdL cfˆgf]] ;–;fgf] s'Dnf] /]ndf /fv]/ cf/fd;Fu
ga;L To;nfO{ cfˆg} lz/df af]s]/ lsg si6 p7fO/xG5f}F <
;'v cfTdfsf] :j¿k xf] . ;'v Pjd\ cfTd–:j¿k leGg xf]Ogg\ .
cfTd;'v Pp6} xf], ToxL ;To xf] . k|k~rsf s'g} klg j:t'df ;'v
5}g . cfˆgf] cljj]ssf] sf/0fn] xfdL tLaf6 ;'v k|fKt x'G5 egL
;f]R5f}F . dg ha aflx/ lg:sG5, ta b'Mvsf] cg'ej u5{ .
jf:tjdf hltv]/ xfd|f ljrf/ k"0f{ x'G5g\, Toltv]/ cfˆgf] pb\ud
:yfgdf kms]{/ dgn] cfTd;'vs} cg'ej u5{ . To;}u/L ;'if'lKt,
;dflw / d"R5f{sf a]nf tyf OlR5t j:t' k|fKt ePsf] cj:yfdf
/ clglR5t j:t' kG5]sf] cj:yfdf klg dgn]] cGtd{'vL eP/
30 d sf] x'F <

cfTd;'vs} cg'ej u5{ . o;k|sf/ dg cfTdfnfO{ 5f]8]/ aflx/

hfFb} / leq cfpFb} clj>fd ef}Ftfl/O/xG5 .
¿vd'lg 5fof ;'vdo 5 . aflx/ 3fdsf] tfk 5 . aflx/ ef}Ftfl/g]
dflg;n] 5fofdf uP/ zLtntf cg'ej u5{ . s]xL ;dokl5
aflx/ lg:sG5 / udL{sf] pv'd ;xg g;s]kl5 k'gM ¿vd'lg
hfG5 . o;k|sf/ pm 5fofaf6 3fddf / 3fdaf6 5fofdf cfphfp
ul//xG5 . o:tf] ug]{ JolQm cljj]sL xf] .
lsGt' ljj]sL 5fof 5f]8]/ hfFb}g . To;}u/L 1fgLsf] dg klg
a|Xdaf6 cnu x'Fb}g . lsGt' c1fgLsf] dgn] k|k~r ljifox¿df
ef}Ftfl/Fb} b'Mv ef]U5 tyf 5f]6f] ;dosf nflu a|Xddf kms{+bf ;'v
kfO/xG5 . hut\ ljrf/ g} xf] . ha hut\ cb[Zo x'G5 cyf{t\
ha ljrf/ /xFb}g, ta p;n] cfgGbsf] cg'ej u5{ . ha hut\
b[Zodfg x'G5, ta p;n] b'Mv ef]U5 .
h;/L s'g} OR5f, ;ª\sNk of k|of;ljgf pbfPsf] ;"o{sf] ;flGgWo
dfqn] ;"o{sfGt dl0fn] cfuf] k}bf u5{, sdn kmlqmG5, hn jflikt
x'G5, hut\‌sf dflg;x¿ cfˆgf sfo{df k|j[Q eO{ ltgnfO{ ;DkGg
u/]/ lgliqmo x'G5g\ .
h;/L r'Dasglhs ;'O{ xlNnG5, p;}u/L ;ª\sNk/lxt O{Zj/sf]
lgs6tf dfqn] x'g] lqsd{ cyjf k~rs[Toaf6 lgolGqt ;a} hLj
cf–cfˆgf sd{cg';f/ sfo{ u/L lj>fGt x'G5g\ .
o;sf] ljk/Lt …pmÚ -O{Zj/_ ;ª\sNk/lxt 5 . p;nfO{ s'g} klg
sd{n] afFWb}g, 7Ls p;}u/L h;/L ;f+;fl/s sd{n] ;"o{nfO{ :kz{
ub}{g / cGo rf/ e"tx¿sf u'0f, cju'0f Jofks cfsfznfO{
5'Fb}g .
 d sf] x'F < 31
;a} zf:qdf d'lQm kfpgsf nflu dgf]lgu|x cyf{t\ dgnfO{ bdg
ug{'k5{ elgPsf] 5 . dgf]lgu|x g} ;a} zf:qx¿sf] clGtd pkb]z
xf] eGg] hflg;s]kl5 zf:q u|Gyx¿sf] ckl/ldt ¿kn] cWoog
ub}{ /xg'sf] s'g} k|of]hg 5}g .
dgf]lgu|x ug{sf nflu …d sf] x'FÚ eGg] ljrf/åf/f cfˆgf] cGj]if0f
ug{'k5{ . zf:q u|Gyx¿df of] cGj]if0f s;/L ug{ ;lsG5 <
cfkm}FnfO{ 1fgrIf'n] hfGg'k5{ . /fdnfO{ …d sf] x'FÚ eGg] hfGgsf
nflu bk{0fsf] lsg cfjZostf k5{ < cxd\ k~rsf]zleq 5, zf:q
u|Gy t sf]zaflx/ 5g\ . ctM k~rsf]znfO{ klg x6fP/ cGj]if0f
ul/g'kg]{ cfkm"nfO{ zf:qdf vf]Hg' Joy}{ xf] . …d sf] x'F <Ú vf]håf/f
…aGwgdf k/]sf]Ú cfˆgf] oyfy{ :j¿k hfGg' g} d'lQm xf] . ;bf;j{bf
dgnfO{ cfTdfdf ;'l:y/ /fVg' g} cfTd–cGj]if0f sxnfpF5 . Wofgdf
cfkm"nfO{ ;lRrbfgGbsf] efjgf ug{'k5{ . h]hlt l;lsPsf] 5, Tof]
;a} Ps lbg e'Ng'kg]{5 .
olb s;}n] aflx/ ˆofFSg l7Ss kf/]sf] sl;Ë/ vf]tNg yfN5 eg]
Tof] sfd a]sf/ xf] .
7Ls To;}u/L sf]xL JolQm h;nfO{ cfkm"nfO{ hfGg' 5, p;n]
cfkm"nfO{ 3]/]sf ;a} tŒjx¿nfO{ Ps;fy gx6fP/ olb ltgsf]
u0fgf ug{ yfN5 of ltgsf] u'0fsf] ljj]rgf ub{5 eg] Tof] Joy{ xf] .
k|k~rnfO{, ;d:t ;+;f/nfO{ Ps :jKgh:t} dfGg'k5{ .
hfu|tsfn nfdf] x'G5 / :jKgsfn Ifl0fs x'G5, o;sf] cltl/Qm
logdf s'g} e]b x'Fb}g . hfu|tdf x'g] Jojxf/ hlt jf:tljs nfU5g\,
To;}u/L :jKgdf x'g] Jojxf/ klg plt g} jf:tljs b]lvG5g\ .
32 d sf] x'F <

hfu|t tyf :jKg b'j} cj:yfdf ljrf/ Pjd\ gfd, ¿k Ps} ;dodf
pkl:yt /xG5g\ .
z'e dg / cz'e dg eg]h:tf] leGg dg x'Fb}gg\ . dg Ps} x'G5 .
jf;gfx¿ g} z'e Pjd\ cz'e b'O{ k|sf/sf x'G5g\ . dg ha
z'e jf;gfx¿sf] jzLe"t /xG5, ta Tof] z'e dg tyf cz'e
jf;gfx¿sf] jzLe"t /xFbf cz'e dg sxnfpF5 .
c¿ dflg; rfx] hlt g} v/fa b]lvpmg\, tLk|lt 3[0ff ug'{x'Fb}g .
/fu Pjd\ å]if b'j} v/fa x'g\ . k|k~r ljifodf dg clws nufpg
x'Fb}g . hxfF;Dd x'g ;S5, c¿sf] sfo{df x:tIf]k ug'{x'Fb}g .
c¿nfO{ h] lbOG5, ToxL cfkm"nfO{ klg lbOG5 . of] ;To hfg]kl5
s;n] c¿nfO{ bfg OToflb glbO/xnf .
cxd\kgf pbfPkl5 ;a} s'/f pbfpF5g\ . cxd\kgf nLg ePdf ;a}
s'/f ljnLg x'G5g\ . xfdL hlt w]/} ljgd| eP/ cfr/0f u5f}{+, Tolt
g} xfd|f] lxt x'G5 . olb dg lgu|lxt ul//Xof}F eg] xfdL hxfF klg
cfgGbk"j{s /xg, a:g ;S5f}F .
ìì