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IS 7016-6 (1984): Methods of Test for Coated and Treated

Fabrics, Part 6: Determination of Bursting Strength [PCD
13: Rubber and Rubber Products]

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”

Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता ह”

है”
ह
Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”
( Reaffirmed 2003 )
 IS : 7016 ( Part 6 ) - 1984

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR
COATED AND TREATED FABRICS
PART 6 DETERMINATION OF BURSTING STRENGTH

t Firsr Revision )

Treated Fabrics Sectional Committee, ?CDC 16

Chairman Represen 1ing

SHRI S. L. GANDHI Ministry of Defence ( R&D )

Members
COL R. G. WASTR~D ( Alternate to
Shri S. L. Gandhi )
S~nr R. L. ARORA Directorate General of Mines Safety, Dhanbad
SHRI S. C. BATRA ( Alternate )
SHRI A. K. BANDOPADHYA Ministry of Defence ( DGI )
SHRI P. L. NAC ( Alternate )
SHRI A. T. BASAK Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals,
New Delhi
SHRI A. R. HALDER ( Alternate )
SHRI BASANT KUMAR Basant Pran Electric Co Pvt Ltd, Calcutta
SHRI J. S. NARQLA ( Alternate )
SHRI D. J. BHARUCRA Bayer ( India ) Ltd, Bombay
SHRI P. K. CHAT?ERJEE ( Alternale )
SHRI T. S. BIDDAPA National Organic Chemical Industries Ltd, Bombay
SHRI J. K. VADODARIA ( Alternate )
DR S. N. CHAKRAVORTY Modi Rubber Ltd, Modipuram
SHRI S. K. MUSTAFI ( Alternate )
SHRI B. DUTTA Bengal Waterproof Ltd, Calcutta
SHRI R. N. WAHIE ( Alternate )
SRRT A. GHOSH National Test House, Calcutta
SHRI N. N. GOYAL Fibreglass PUkington Ltd, Bombay
SI~RI G. K. TAKIA ( Alternate )
JOINT DIRECTOR ( RESEARCH ) Research, Designs and Standards Organization,
Lucknow
DEPUTY DIRECTOR ( MET ) ( Alternate )

( Continuedon page 2 )

!
@ Copyright 1984
INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION
This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright AC: ( XIV of 1957 ) and
reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the
publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said “Ace
IS : 7016 ( Part 6 ) - 1984

( Continuedfrom page 1 )

Members Representing
SHRI Z. S. KAJIJI Caprihans India Ltd, Thane
SHRI J. R. MODI Ahmedabad Textile Industries Research Association,
Ahmadabad
SHRI RAMAN M. PATEL The Bhor Industries Ltd, Bombay
SHRI K. L. SHAH ( Alternate )
SRRI B. ROY East India Rubber Works Pvt Ltd, Calcutta
SRRI P. P. SHARXA Directorate General of Technical Development,
New Delhi
SHRI N. K. AOARWAL ( Alternate )
SHRI R. C. T~IVEDI Verma Industrial Ltd, Bangalore
SHRI R. KRISHNA PILLAI ( Alternate )
SRRI P. R. VISHWAMBHARAN Central Warehousing Corporation, New Delhi
SHRI K. GOPINATHA MENON ( Alternate )
SRRI M. S. SAXENA, Director General, IS1 ( Ex-oficio Member )
Director ( P&C )

Secretary
DR VINOD K. JAIN
Assistant Director ( P&C ), IS1

Methods of Test for Treated Fabrics Subcommittee, PCDC 16 : 6

Convener
SHRI S. L. GANDHI Ministry of Defence ( R&D )

Members
SHRI M. L. BAHRANI ( Alternate to
Shri S. L. Gandhi )
DR B. R. C. ANAND ILAC Limited, Calico Group, Bombay
SHKI S. MITHA ( Alternate )
SHRI A. T. B~SAK Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals,
New Delhi
SHRI P. K. BASU ( Alternate )
SHRI A. CHELLARAJ Madura Coats Ltd. Madurai
SHRI S. GNANASERHARAN ( Alternate )
SHRI A. GHOSH National Test House, Calcutta
DR S. P. MANIK Ministry of Railways
SHRI R. N. MEHROTRA Synthetics and Chemicals Ltd, Bombay
SHRI P. L. NAP Ministry of Defence ( DGI )
SHRI H. L. SRIVASTAVA I Alternate \
DR J. K. NIGAM Shr;Ram Institute for Industral Research, Delhi
SHRX K. K. JUNEJA ( Alternate )
DR S. Y. PANDIT Bayer ( India ) Ltd, Bombay
DR P. V. RAIKAR ( Alternate )
SRRI B. ROY East India Rubber Works Pvt Ltd, Calcutta
SHRI J. M. SKROFF Bhor Industries Ltd, Bombay
SHRI S. K. VE~MA Caprihans India Ltd, Bombay
SHRI Z. S. KAJIJI ( Alternate )

( Continued on page 10 )
 IS : 7016 ( Part 6 ) - 1984

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR
COATED AND TREATED FABRICS
PART 6 DETERMINATION OF BURSTING STRENGTH

( First Revision )

0. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard ( Part 6 ) ( First Revision ) was adopted by

the Indian Standards Institution on 10 March 1984, after the draft
finalized by the Treated Fabrics Sectional Committee had been
approved by the Petroleum, Coal and Related Products Division Council.

0.2 This standard was first adopted in 1973 and is now being revised
to align it with IS0 3303-1979 ‘ Rubber or plastic-coated fabrics -
Determination of bursting strength ‘, published by the International
Organization for Standardization ( IS0 ).

0.3 Two methods of test ( A and 3) have been included in this standard_
Values obtained using Method A are not necessarily comparabIe with
those obtained when using Method B. Therefore, when specifying a
coated fabric for which a bursting strength requirernent applies, the
purchaser and the supplier should agree mutually the method of test to
be employed.

0.4 Method A is recommended for use with those types of coated fabrics
for which hydraulic bursting methods are not considered appropriate
owing to the excessive pressures involved or where the risk of mechani-
caJ damage to the material in use is more relevant ( for example, heavy
weight double texture natural rubber coated fabrics ).

0.5 This standard contains clauses 6.1 and 6.2 which call for an agree-
ment between the purchaser and the supplier.
IS : 7016 ( Part 6 ) - 1984

0.6 In reporting the result of a test or analysis made in accordance

with this standard, if the final value, observed or calculated, is to be
rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with IS : 2-1960*.

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard ( Part 6 ) prescribes two methods ( A and B ) for the
determination of the bursting strength of coted and treated fabrics.

1.1.1 Method A uses a tensile testing machine with a ring clamp and
steel ball whilst Method B uses a diaphragm bursting tester operated
by hydraulic pressure.

2. TERMINOLOGY

2.1 For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS*: 2244-
1972t shall apply.

3. APPARATUS

3.1 Method A ( seeFig. 1 )

3.1.1 Princifile - A coated fabric is securely clamped between rigid

coaxial apertures. A polished steel ball traversing at a fixed speed, is
pressed against the coated fabric specimen until rupture occurs. The
ibrce required to cause the rupture is recorded.

3.1.2 Tensile Testing Machine - It shall be power driven and equipped

with a suitable dynamometer. It shall be capable of maintaining a sub-
stantially constant rate of traverse of the moving head during the test
and be fitted with an autographic recorder. An inertialess dynamometer
( of electrical or optical type, for example ) may be used. The accuracy
of the machine shall be such that the error in the force measurement as
shown and recorded does not exceed 2 percent of the force or 0’5 percent
of the maximum of the scale, whichever is the greater.
NOTE - A pendulum-type inertia dynamometer may in fact give different results
because of the effects of friction and inertia. When the use of an inertia dynamometer
is unavoidable, information may be obtained in the following way. The capacity of
the machine or the measuring scale selected, when a variable-range machine is
involved, shall be such that the bursting force is between 15 percent and 85 percent
of the rated capacitv.
-~
*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised ).
+Glossary of terms: relating to treated fabrics (jrst revision ).

4
.
 IS:7016(Part 6 )-1984

STEEL BALL

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 1 APPARATUSFOR METHOD A

3.1.2.1 The tensile testing machine shall be provided with a bursting

attachment, such that the test piece is held securely by a ring mechanism
of internal diameter 45 & 0.50 mm, with the centre of the test piece
pressed against a polished steel ball of diameter 25.2 f 0.02 mm until
the test piece ruptures. The direction of motion of the ring-clamp
or steel ball shall be at right angles to the plane of the fabric.
3.1.2.2 The central points of the two jaws of the machine shall be
concentric and rhall be in the line of pull, the front edges being per-
pendicular to the line of pull, and their clamping faces in the same plane.
The jaws shall be capable of holding the specimen without allowing it
to slip, shall be so designed that they do not cut or otherwise weaken the
specimen, and shall be wider than the test specimen. The faces of the
jaws should preferably be smooth and flat but when the specimens
cannot be satisfactorily held with flat-faced jaws even with packing,
engraved or corrugated jaws may be used.
In case of engraved jaws, the clamping surfaces of the upper and
lower clamps shall be grooved concentrically such that the crowns of the
“grooves of one plate fit the grooves of the other. The grooves shall be
not less than 0’8 mm apart and not less than 0.15 mm deep. The grooves
shall start no further than 3 mm from the edge of the aperture and
IS : 7016 ( Part 6 ) - 1984

shall be rounded to a radius of not greater than Q.4 mm. The lower
inner edge of the upper clamp and the upper inner edge of the lower
clamp shall be rounded off to a radius of 0.5 mm.
NOTE - Pieces of felt approximately 3 mm thick have been found to be suitable
for packing, but the choice of type of jaws and packing should be that combination
which gives the highest breaking load and does not cause an undue number of breaks
in close proximity to the edges of the jaws. Suitable packing materials for use with
either smooth or corrugated jaws include paper, felt, leather, plastics or rubber sheet.

3.2 Method B ( seeFig. 2 )

3.2.1 Principle - A coated fabric specimen is clamped between
coaxial apertures. An elastic diaphragm is caused to exert pressure on
the coated fabric specimen by the introduction of liquid below the
diaphragm at a constant rate. The pressure required to cause the coated
fabric specimen to burst is recorded.

3.2.2 ‘Testing Machine - It shall be either mechanically or manually

operated. It shall permit the clamping of the test piece between two
circular clamps of diameter not less than 53 mm and having coaxial
apertures of 30 f 0.5 mm diameter.

3.2.2.1 The clamping surfaces of the upper and lower clamps shall
be grooved concentrically such that the crowns of the grooves of one
plate fit the grooves of the other. The grooves shall be not less than

R0.57 /R 0.5

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 2 APPARATUS FOR METHOD

6
 IS : 7016 ( Part 6 ) - 1984

0.8 mm apart and not less than 0.15 mm deep, The grooves shall start
no further than 3 mm from the edge of the aperature and shall
be rounded to a radius of not greater than 0.4 mm. The bottom inner
edge of the upper clamp shall be rounded to a radius of 0+5 mm. The
lower clamp shall be integral with the chamber in which liquid is intro-
duced. The chamber shall be covered with a rubber diaphragm fitted
to expand through the aperture and exerting pressure on the coated
fabric between clamps.

3.2.3 Pressure Gauge - The apparatus shall be provided with a means

for transmitting hydraulic pressure to the rubber diaphragm. A pressure
gauge of the maximum reading type, of appropriate capacity and
graduated in kgf,cm2 or kilo-pascals shall be provided for registering
the bursting pressure. It shall preferably be used within the range from
25 percent to 75 percent and in no case outside the range from 15 per-
cent to 85 percent of the maximum capacity of the scale. It shall at any
point within the working range be accurate to within 1 percent of the
maximum capacity of the scale. The pressure gauge shall be calibrated
at least once in a year to maintain the specified accuracy.

4. SAMPLING
4.1 The sample shall be so cut that it is as representative as possible of
the whole consignment. The test pieces shall be cut at least 100 mm
from the selvedge and at least 1 m from the extremity of the piece.

5. PREPARATION OF TEST PIECES

5.1 Cut across the fuI1 width of the sampIe, a rectangular strip not less
than 100 mm wide so that its sides make an angle of 45” f 15” with the
longitudinal direction. Take six test pieces, equally spaced across the
width of the sample. The smallar dimension of each test piece shall be
at least 12 mm greater than the outside diameter of the ring clamp
mechanism of the test machine. Alternatively, the sample may be tested
at the requisite location across its width.

6. CONDITIONING OF TEST PIECES

6.1 For all test purposes, the minimum time between manufacture and
testing shall be 16 hours. For non-product tests, the maximum time
between manufacture and testing shall be 4 weeks and for evaluations
intended to be comparable, the tests, as far as possible should be carried
out after the same time-interval. For products, whenever possible, the
time between manufacture and testing should not exceed 4 months. In
other cases, tests should be made within 2 months of the date of receipt
by the customer.

6.2 Conditioning - condition the test pieces at 27 f 2°C and

65 &- 5 percent relative humidity for 48 hours prior to testing. Subject
to agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, the conditionirrg *
time may be curtailed to 24 hours.
7
6.3When it is required to determine the properties of wet material,
the test pieces shall be immersed for 24 hours in distilled water contain-
ing 1 percent ethanol at 27 f 2°C. The test pieces shall be cut prior
to the immersion. Immediately after removH1 from the water, the test
pieces shall be blotted between two sheets of absorbent paper and tested
at once.

7. PROCEDURE

7.1 Method A
7.1.1 Mount the conditioned test piece in the ring clamp. Move the
test piece and steel ball towards each other at a rate of 300 f 30 mm/min
until the test piece ruptures under the pressure being applied by the
steel ball. Read from the scale of the tensile testing machine the force
in newtons to cause the rupture of the test piece.
NOTE - For single coated fabrics place the coated face of the test piece downwards
and for double coated fabrics test three pieces with the face side upwards, and three
with the face side downwards.

7.1.2 Calculate the bursting strength, in kilo-pascals, using the relation:

Fx 106
Bursting strength = A

where
F= the rupturing force, in kilo newtons; and
A = the internal cross-sectional area, in square millimetres of
the ring-clamp.

Record the mean of the six results obtained.

7.2 Method B
7.2.1 Place the conditioned test piece over the rubber diaphragm of
the apparatus ( see Note under 7.1.1 ). Secure the clamping ring tightly
over the test pieces and increase the pressure on the rubber diaphragm
by introducing liquid into the chamber until the test piece bursts. Allow
between 7 and 20 seconds for the pressure to increase from zero to
bursting point. Record the pressure required as shown by the maximum
indicating point on the gauge and return the pointer to zero. For each
test piece, record the bursting pressure and note the form of bursting
obtained ( namely cross or slit ).
NOTE - Ignore any burst which occurs at or near the edge of the clamp and
repeat the test on another test piece.

7.2.1.1 Calculate the mean of the six results obtained for bursting
pressure and then apply the diaphragm correction factor as given
in 7.2.2.
 IS : 7016 ( Part 6 ) - 1984

7.2.2 Correction Factor - With the same rate of liquid flow as that
employed in the test ( see 7.2.1 ), distend the diaphragm, without the
presence of the specimen, but with the clamping ring in position, and
note the pressure required to distend it by an amount equal to the aver-
age distension of the specimen at burst. This pressure is the ‘diaphragm
correction factor’ anti is rhe value by which the mean bursting pressure
should be reduced.
7.2.3 Report the corrected mean bursting pressure as the bursting
strength.

8. TEST REPORT

8.1 The test report shall state:

Reference of the sample;

Conditioning method and the time of exposure;

Conditions in which the test has been conducted;

Method of test employed ( A and B ) and aperture used;

Bursting strength, expressed in kilo-pascals; and

For Method B, the form of bursting obtained.

IS : 7016 ( Part 6 ) - 1984

( Continuedfrom page 2 )

Panel for Physical Methods of Test for Treated Fabrics, PCDC 16 : 6 : 1

Convener Representing
DR B. R. Cl. ANAND ILAC Ltd, Calico Group, Bombay

Members
SHRI BASANT KUMAR Basant Pran Electric Co Pvt Ltd, Calcutta
SHRI J. S. NARULA ( Alternate )
SHRI A. T. BASAK Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals,
New Delhi
SHRI P. K. BASU ( Alternate )
SHRI T. S. BIDDAPA National Organic Chemical Industries Ltd, Bombay
DR P. D. TRIVEDI ( Alternate )
SHRI B. DUTTA Bengal Waterproof Ltd, Calcutta
SHRI A. GHOSH National Test House, Calcutta
SHRI S. P. MANIK Research, Designs and Standards Organization,
Lucknow
&RI B. ROY Techno Polymer Laboratories, Calcutta

10
 .

AMENDMENT NO. 1 OCTOBER 1997

TO
IS 7016 ( PART 6 ) : 1984 METHODS OF TEST FOR
COATED AND TREATED FABRICS
PART 6 DETERMINATION OF BURSTING STRENGTH
(FbstRevisMn)

(Page 8, clause 7.13, last line ) - Substitute ‘median’ for ‘mean’.

( PCD 13)

ReprographyUnit, BIS, New Delhi, India