Aisha Arain

IR 1/ 10 GT/ 2
May 6, 2020
Meta-Analysis Data Collection
Focus: GPS devices  
  Article #1  Article #2  Article #3  Article #4  Article 
https://www.scie https://trepo.tuni.fi https://journals.sage https://dl.acm.org https://ieeexplore.iee
ncedirect.com/s /bitstream/handle pub.com/doi/abs/10 /doi/abs/10.1145/ e.org/abstract/docu
cience/article/pi /123456789/21180/ .4276/030802210x127 2556288.2557307  ment/5174293​#5 
i/S221201731200 munir.pdf?sequen 06313443901   
5191  ce=4&isAllowed=y 
Purpose  Presents and  The main theme of A description of GPS Studies the  To present the design 
of the  proves a  this thesis is to (global positioning sociotechnical  of an AGPS (Assisted 
study  low-cost GPS  discover the solution system) tracking use in development and  Global Positioning 
tracking system  that makes the life the care of people with appropriation of  System) used to track 
focused on  of elderly people dementia in domestic GPS technology in  elderly and 
Alzheimer  independent and settings and to dementia care  dementia patients. 
patients which  easier to perform generate hypotheses and assesses the 
work to track  their daily life about impact. practical and 
wandering  routine. ideological issues 
patients in  surrounding care 
real-time.  to understand 
why the usage of 
GPS devices 
remains low. 
Method The GPS was  A survey was  The study  A full design  Healthy elderly 
s (how  used in the form  conducted to  participants were  process including  individuals carried 
was the  of a mobile  present the  gathered through a  a  the AGPS tracking 
study  device. In this  opinion of the  commercial  qualitative-empiri system, while its data 
conduct study, there are  consumers of LDS  provider. ​Qualitative cal pre-study, the  was compared to 
ed; who  two actors: the  Finder and  interviews with 10 prototyping  stationary AGPS 
were  patient, and the  Teltonika  carers explained an process, and the  testing results in Hong 
the  caregiver/health HandHeld tracking  in-depth description of investigation of  Kong urban outdoor 
particip care  devices. A website  how the devices were long-term  settings and against 
ants/sub professional. The  was then created  used and the perceived appropriation  controlled pedestrian 
jects,  patient’s only  where relevant  impact. A processes of the  environments. The 
etc.)  job is to keep the  information is  questionnaire was stable prototypes  comparison allows 
mobile device in  available  in three different  the 
 Aisha Arain
IR 1/ 10 GT/ 2
May 6, 2020
Meta-Analysis Data Collection
their possession  regarding the  created to generate practice  researchers/audienc
at all times, while  availability of the  sample characteristics  environments.  e to understand 
the caregiver  tracking devices  Numerous  what may contribute 
interacts with the  for the elderly.   caregivers were  to degradation in 
system either by  interviewed on  availability and 
making  their view of the  accuracy in a real 
configurations to  GPS devices, and  application 
the system or by  why they felt that  environment. The 
receiving  way. Once, the  AGPS device was 
reports/notificati ideas were  placed in different 
ons. The mobile  collected, a  areas of Hong Kong 
device sends  prototype was  and was then tested 
signals to a web  created and  to determine its 
platform called  monitored for  position fix.  
“Front-Office”,  data results of its 
where the  effectiveness.The 
caregivers/  final prototype 
healthcare  was a complete 
professionals  GPS-based 
can monitor the  location 
patient. Three  monitoring system 
different android  to help caregivers 
devices were  better manage 
used over a two  the wandering 
year period, on  behavior of 
a ComfortZone  dementia 
mobile plan in  patients. The 
order to analyze  system consists of 
the difference in  GPS-trackers to be 
cost among the  carried by the 
devices.   patients, a web 
portal for 
monitoring the 
actual position 
 Aisha Arain
IR 1/ 10 GT/ 2
May 6, 2020
Meta-Analysis Data Collection
and adjusting 
settings, and an 
iPhone App for 
mobile monitoring. 
The prototype was 
used in a hospital 
ward, an elderly 
care home for 
dementia, and a 
family constituted 
such an 
environment. 
Results  The researchers  According to the  Most caregivers  The ideal GPS  AGPS will work 
(what  concluded that  survey results  preferred to use  device would  effectively well in 
conclusi it is possible to  about the  tracking as a backup  have a low  outdoor or 
ons did  provide a  Teltonika  option, in case  tolerance for  semi-open settings. 
the  monitoring GPS  HandHeld Tracker  supervision or locked  system failure,  Regarding battery 
researc system with low  device, the users  doors did not work  could keep a  life, the system can 
hes  costs. All three  are much happier  initially.  record of previous  be used for 
draw)  android devices  than users of the  wandering routes,  approximately seven 
cost less than  LDS Finder Device.  have easy  days without 
400 euros over a  They responded  portability, and  needing a charge. 
two year period,  much more  have  AGPS is sufficient for 
as opposed to  positively with the  inter-communicati providing an 
more expensive  device  on with the  accurate indication 
options such as  performance.They  caregiver. In the  of the location of the 
the PCD 8110  also resulted in  dementia care  individuals as long as 
powered by  having less  home, it was  they are outdoors, 
QualcomminGe complaints about  revealed that the  even in urban 
o. This device  usability. This  elderly could not  canyon 
had a cost of  device can be  use the prototype  environments.  
roughly 1380  used at least three  since they have 
euros every two  times in a week  very little 
years.   and allows  experience with 
 Aisha Arain
IR 1/ 10 GT/ 2
May 6, 2020
Meta-Analysis Data Collection
Alzheimer's  technology. At 
patients to  the hospital ward, 
comfortably live  the system’s 
an independent  battery died and 
life  the patient went 
missing for 20 
hours. Because of 
this, the prototype 
could not be 
trusted. At the 
family home, the 
system seemed 
extremely helpful 
to the family 
caring for the 
patient, as it gave 
them peace of 
mind while they 
were at work. 
FILL IN  I proposed that  I proposed that  I proposed that GPS  I proposed that  I proposed that GPS 
SOMETHI GPS tracking  GPS tracking  tracking systems  GPS tracking  tracking systems 
NG  systems allow  systems allow  allow caregivers to  systems allow  allow caregivers to 
FROM  caregivers to do  caregivers to do  do their job more  caregivers to do  do their job more 
YOUR  their job more  their job more  effectively. This  their job more  effectively. This 
RESEAR effectively. With  effectively. With  research proves that  effectively. This  research proves that 
CH  this research, it is  this research, it is  GPS tracking devices  research proves  such devices can be 
QUESTIO proven that  proven that such  are being used.  that such devices  used to track 
N/HYPO there is no need  devices give  have been  dementia and 
THESIS  to buy expensive  caregivers this  created for that  elderly patients.  
equipment to do  exact aid.  purpose.  
so.  
FILL IN  This study proves  This study presents  The study surveyed  The study  This study focuses 
SOMETHI how AI  how the tracking  real caregivers  revealed real-life  and proves that 
NG  algorithms such  device is able to  whether or not they  opinions of  some GPS devices 
 Aisha Arain
IR 1/ 10 GT/ 2
May 6, 2020
Meta-Analysis Data Collection
FROM  as “Front-Office”  send alert  would use GPS  caregivers and  are only reliable in 
YOUR  can be used  messages to the  devices.  family members of  certain situations and 
RESEAR through a GPS  caregiver,  dementia patients  environments. The 
CH  device.  connecting to the  on the use of GPS  AGPS device turned 
QUESTIO section of the  devices, providing  out to be absolutely 
N/HYPO paper indicating  specific evidence  accurate when the 
THESIS  that the patients  to my claim that  patient had 
are able to be left  caregivers benefit  wandered into an 
alone. This in  from these  outdoor setting.  
return, gives the  devices. 
caregiver a 
chance to unwind 
and get other 
work done. 
FILL IN  Through the  There are multiple  According to this  This research  This research explains 
SOMETHI method of  devices that can  study, tracking gives  provides  that elderly care 
NG  having  be used to track  caregivers  numerous ways to  needs to be 
FROM  caregivers and  Alzheimer’s  reassurance and also  change GPS  refreshed, as most of 
YOUR  healthcare  patients. However,  an enhanced sense  devices, in order  the world needs help 
RESEAR professionals  some are more  of independence for  to make them  with the elderly 
CH  analyze the  effective and  both the person with  more reliable and  population. In order 
QUESTIO data that the  easier to use than  Alzheimer’s and  effective. This  to do that, 
N/HYPO GPS reports, it  others.  themselves.  gives caregivers  caregivers and 
THESIS  proves that  and family  elderly 
patients do not  members of  homes/hospitals 
need to be  dementia patients  need to be on their 
physically  a trustworthy  best game, so that 
monitored at all  piece of  the patients can 
times. Effective  technology that  receive the help they 
care can take  can alleviate their  need.  
place through  stresses created 
the use of  by the patient. In 
wearable  doing this, the 
sensors.   overall care for 
 Aisha Arain
IR 1/ 10 GT/ 2
May 6, 2020
Meta-Analysis Data Collection
the patient will 
increase since the 
caregiver will 
have a more 
relaxed and 
clearer mindset. 
Conclusi This study  This study  According to this  This study  This study effectively 
ons/  effectively  effectively  study, Many  effectively  proposed a device 
Limitatio proposed a way  demonstrated the  caregivers prefer to  explains and  that can track and 
ns   for caregivers to  key points for a  watch over their  illustrates what the  locate patients when 
take care of  GPS device to  patients by being  ideal GPS device  they have wandered 
their patients  have, in order to  with them; however,  should perform. It  outside of the 
and their  satisfy the needs  GPS devices have  shines a light on  designated safe 
whereabouts,  of the consumer.  allowed them to  the reasons why  zone. a wearable 
without having  In this case, it was  gain a sense of  these devices  AGPS terminal with 
to pay more  the ease of use,  independence. The  aren’t used too  HSPA two-way 
than 1000 euros.  size of the device,  GPS devices are  often, and what  communication 
Although it  GPS connectivity,  usually a backup  can be done to  capability and 
didn’t shine a  battery life, and  option, used for  change that. It  designed for 10 days 
light on the  efficiency in  reassurance and  explains that GPS  of continuous battery 
effectiveness of  sending Alert  extra safety of the  devices can  operation, a GPS 
the devices, it  Messages. This  patient.  heavily impact the  assistance data 
provided a  data is imperative  care that  server with reference 
substantial  for GPS  dementia patients  GPS stations, location 
amount of data  manufacturers to  receive and  database and 
on the different  be aware of so  completely  server, application 
monthly/yearly  that they  change the face  server, and web 
costs of the  understand what  of geriatrics.  server and client all 
devices.   Alzheimer  come together to 
patients, families,  create this piece of 
and caregivers  technology. Further 
are looking for.  study should be 
conducted to 
understand the main 
 Aisha Arain
IR 1/ 10 GT/ 2
May 6, 2020
Meta-Analysis Data Collection
elderly population 
that would need this 
device so that its 
features can be 
improved and 
enhanced.