WEEK 3

NAME: BADONGEN, Kyla Faye

MADANOM, Kate

SECTION: 11-BIYO

A. Self – Check. Fill – in the blanks with the missing letters to come up with the word being asked. Use the
clues given on the second column.

Word Clue
Phenotype 1. It refers to the observable physical trait.
2. It refers to a cross that involves one trait at a time.
Monohybrid
3. It is one of the law of inheritance which states that the two alleles
Segregation of one trait segregate from each other during gamete formation.
4. He is the basis of classic genetics from his experiments on
Mendel
garden peas.
5. It is referred to as a diagram made of boxes that is used to
predict the expected results in a genetic cross by considering all the
Punnett Square possible combinations of gametes in a cross.
6. It refers to a cross that involves two or more traits.
Dihybrid
Sex Chromosome 7. It determines the sex of an individual.
8. It is referred as the differences among individuals belonging to
Variation
the same species.
9. It is the process of how a child receives genetic information from
Inheritance the parent.
10. It is a division of genetics that focuses on the behaviour of a
particular gene in group of organisms and how gene frequency is
Population
affected by environmental factors
B. Problem Solving. Read, analyze, and do what is asked in each problem. Do not forget to show all
procedures and the Punnett Square.

1. In pea plants, spherical seeds (S) are dominant to dented seeds (s). In a genetic cross of two plants that
are heterozygous for the seed shape trait, what would be the genotypic and phenotypic ratio?

Steps in solving using a Punnett Square STEP

1: Determine the genotypes of the parents. STEP 2: Separate the genotype per gamete.
Ss x Ss S, s x S, s
STEP 3: Write the gamete of one parent on the top of the square and the other on the left side.

S s
S
s
STEP 4: Combine the allele along the top of the box with the allele along the left side of the box.

Parents’ Allele: Ss, Ss

S s
Genotypes: SS, Ss, Ss, ss

Phenotypes: spherical seeds, spherical

S SS Ss seed, spherical seed, dented seed

Genotypic Ratio: 1: 2: 1

Phenotypic Ratio: 3: 1
s Ss ss

STEP 5: List down the genotypes from the Punnett Square then beside it, determine the phenotype
Genotype Phenotype
SS Spherical Seed
Ss Spherical Seed
Ss Spherical Seed
ss Dented Seed
STEP 6: Determine the genotypic and phenotypic ratio.

Genotypic Ratio Phenotypic Ratio

1. Count all the same genotypes: 1. Count all the same genotypes:
1 SS 3 Spherical seeds
2 Ss 1 Dented seed
1 ss
2. Write it as a ratio:
2. Write it as a ratio:
1: 2: 1
3:1
1. A pea plant is heterozygous for both seed shape and seed color. S is the allele for the dominant, spherical
shape characteristics; s is the allele for recessive, dented shape characteristic. Y is the allele for the dominant,
yellow color characteristic; y is the allele for the recessive green color characteristic. What will be the
distribution of these two alleles in this plant’s gametes? Prove your chosen answer. HINT: You are just
going to perform FOIL.
A. 50% of gametes are Sy; 50% of gametes are sY.
B. 25% of gametes are SY; 25% of gametes are Sy; 25% of the gametes are sY; 25% of the
gametes are sy.
C. 50% of gametes are sy; 50% of gametes
are SY. D. 100% of the gametes are SsYy.
E. 50% of gametes are SsYy; 50% of gametes are SSYY.

SY Sy sY sy

SY SSYY SSYy SsYY SsYy

Sy SSYy SSyy SsYy Ssyy

sY SsYY SsYy ssYY ssYy

sy SsYy Ssyy ssYy ssyy

3. A couple with a newborn baby is troubled that the child does not resemble either of them.
Suspecting that a mix-up occurred at the hospital, they check the blood type of the infant. It is type O.
Because the father is type A and the mother is type B, they conclude that a mix-up must have
occurred. Are they correct? Prove your answer. (Show what if parents are a) both hetero; b) both
homo)
Parents’ Allele:

AO x BO

A O

B AB BO

O AO OO
II. Questions to Ponder

 How does genetics explain our inherited traits?

 Why are there variations in organisms produced by the same parents?

 How and when did humans know that traits are inherited from parents?