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2019 Cricket Lighting-Technical-Report-Steve-Muir-July-2019 PDF
2019 Cricket Lighting-Technical-Report-Steve-Muir-July-2019 PDF
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INTRODUCTION
1 This assessment has been prepared for the purposes of assisting
Regenerate Christchurch (Regenerate) in its evaluation and
preparation of a proposal under section 65 of the Greater
Christchurch Regeneration Act 2016 (GCRA) to exercise power
under section 71 of the GCRA. Regenerate proposes to amend the
Christchurch District Plan (the District Plan) rules to enable the
Canterbury Cricket Trust (CCT) the opportunity to host all
international cricket fixtures at Hagley Oval (the proposed
amendments). The amendments sought are intended to allow the
Hagley Oval to operate consistently with the Christchurch Central
Recovery Plan (CCRP).
2 This assessment considers the appropriateness of the proposed
amendments to the District Plan having regard to the potential
lighting effects of the proposal on the environment. Where relevant
these effects will be assessed considering the current planning
framework as well as the existing resource consent and conditions.
3 This assessment covers the following matters:
3.1 The proposed amendments to the District Plan provisions, as
relevant to; spill light, glare, switching levels, different types
of masts, optimum number and height of masts (or towers);
3.2 An assessment of the environmental effects of the proposed
amendments relative to the status quo; and
3.3 A conclusion as to the acceptability of the proposed
amendments to District Plan provisions.
THE NEED FOR THE PROPOSED AMENDMENTS
Christchurch Central Recovery Plan
4 The Vibrant City chapter of the Christchurch Central Recovery Plan
(CCRP) provides for enhancements of Hagley Oval that deliver ‘a
domestic and international purpose-built cricket venue’ that
specifically includes ‘sports lighting to international broadcast
standards’. This technical report addresses these broadcast
standards in further detail below.
District Plan rules relating to lighting
5 Hagley Park (and Hagley Oval) is zoned Open Space Community
Park (OCP) within the District Plan.
6 Within this zone, built form standard 18.4.2.4(v) controls the height
of structures and permits ‘Any pole or support structure for flood or
training lights accessory to sports facilities in Hagley Park’ up to
30m height. Such lighting would also be required to comply with
other applicable standards in the District Plan, including relevant
rules for outdoor lighting glare and spill in section 6.3 of the Plan.
7 I understand that as Hagley Oval is a heritage setting (for the
heritage item known as the Umpires Pavilion) and is a major sports
facility, any flood lighting within the Oval would require resource
consent.
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Spill light
21 Spill light is better controlled via 6 masts verses 4 masts because
more aiming options for a similar number of luminaires and more
control of light distribution is achievable. This along with LED
technology will result in less overall spill light and less glare
compared to the consented 4 mast option.
22 In order to ensure that the spill lighting effects at the Hagley Oval
are managed and comply with AS/NZS4282, I have recommended
the following technical standards because I believe the technical
parameters are practical, achievable and have been derived from
best practice and industry research in the production of this
standard which has also been incorporated in the proposed rules:
22.1 Spill light shall not exceed a vertical illuminance level
compliant with Table 3.4 AS/NZS4282. This table specifically
references spill light for venues illuminated for TV coverage.
These values are like those within BS EN12193 – 2018 1 so I
assume they have been tested and derived from existing
research over several venues.
22.2 Monitoring of spill light is to be carried out during
commissioning at set points to comply with AS/NZS4282 and
to coincide with design calculations or predications.
22.3 Aiming and intensity limits of all luminaires shall be compliant
with Table 3.3 AS/NZS4282. The control direction for this
installation shall be 10° below the horizontal.
23 In my opinion, because the recommended AS/NZS4282 technical
standards are incorporated into the proposed rule amendments, the
effects from spill lighting at the Hagley Oval will be acceptable.
Also, the preferred arrangement of a 6-mast installation plus using
LED luminaire technology in my opinion will significantly reduce and
improve the control of spill light over the consented 4 mast option.
Glare
24 Glare is a major safety consideration for players, umpires, on-site
spectators, TV viewing, camera operators, nearby residences, and
traffic movement as it affects general visual comfort and can also
impair vision.
25 Ideally no glare would be the perfect result, but all lighting creates
some level of glare – it is unavoidable and therefore the approach is
to manage and mitigate glare through the design and configuration
of lighting.
26 Before glare can be evaluated, viewing directions, camera locations
or viewing positions need to be identified. All glare calculations
should be based on an observer height of 1.5m above the Principle
Playing Area (PPA). Glare rating is a value on a scale from 0 to 100
where the higher the value the greater the impact is from the
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AS 2560.1 – 2002 Sports Lighting Part 1 General Principles Table 2.1 page 18.
3 As referred to in the ECB recommendations (Appendix 2).
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Removable lights
36 Removable lights have features which make them less appropriate
for long-term use at the Hagley Oval compared to permanent fixed
structure. Simply adding a further two removable lighting
structures to the existing four currently in use at the Hagley Oval
would be less efficient and significantly more costly than fixing six
permanent structures.
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less control of light output from the luminaires. They throw a “pool”
of light in a general direction and offer poor control in respect to
glare, spill light, and upward light into the surrounding environment.
44 More truck and crane movements are also likely to cause more
damage to the surrounding trees and ground.
46 Base Hinged masts are like Cantilevered Masts but hinge at the base
via a counterbalance or a moveable hydraulic trolley to assist with
the mast weight while being lowered. Height and weight restrictions
usually apply to these types of masts, so they are usually limited to
smaller installations with lower lighting requirements. These types
of masts can have demountable headframes, but they are also
considered inappropriate for similar reasons to truck or crane
mounted headframes.
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53 For the above reasons I consider the Permanent Fixed Mast option
the most suitable mast option for Hagley Oval.
Number and height of lighting masts (or towers)
54 The ICC 4, the ECB 5 and AC 6 all recommend a minimum six mast
arrangement for international televised cricket. The reason for this
is to achieve good horizontal and vertical illuminance using a range
of different suppliers’ equipment to all camera positions for good
quality International TV coverage.
4 I understand ICC recommend the levels indicated in the LiDac recommendations (Appendix 1 to this
report) but don’t have any documented specification themselves because their intention is to promote the
game at all levels.
5 ECB recommendations are supported via the ECB recommendations (Appendix 2 to this report). BS EN
12193 – 2018 also references Glare recommendations for Major Sporting venues.
6 www.community.cricket.com.au references the CA recommendations (Appendix 3 to this report) on
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There are no known Broadcasting Standards for reference, but Philips have provided a guidelines
document that they work with or reference when they design a televised facility.
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Figure 1: diagram showing potential plan for six mast option at Hagley
Oval (ELC)
58 With reference to Figure 1, no lighting masts would be located
within 25° (either side) directly behind and in front of centre wicket,
to ensure lighting is outside the direct line of sight of the batsman
and the bowler. Other lights would be located within 10° (either
side) at right angles to the centre of the cricket pitch. These
locations are those recommended within IESANZ Lighting Guide for
Outdoor Cricket LG – 4.01 as identified in the CA recommendations
(Appendix 3). Lighting masts would be located a minimum of 5m
from the outer boundary to allow for a clear “run-off” area as also
recommended in the above document.
59 The overall number of luminaires required to achieve comparable
lighting levels is likely to increase slightly going from Metal Halide
technology (consented option) to LED technology because of the
lower wattage/output of the LED source. However, using six masts
verses four or five but using the same luminaire technology is not
likely to increase the overall number of luminaires significantly
resulting in fewer lights per mast. The number of luminaires in the
4-mast consented option is 96 lights per mast whereas the proposal
in Appendix 18.11.7 indicates 90 lights per mast (being LED).
60 An optimum mounting height of any floodlight is required to achieve
the required illumination levels on the field of play (FoP). This
lighting level needs to match the level of play so the players can
play to their full potential safely and within the recommended
guidelines set out in the LiDAC, ECB and CA recommendations
(referenced above) plus enable uniform light for TV Broadcasting.
61 The installed height of the light fixtures should be so that the lowest
luminaire from the centre of the playing area (PPA) to the furthest
luminaire location is set at an angle to the horizontal of not less
than 25° for optimum glare control. The formula for determining
optimum height is; h = 0.47 x d (where d is horizontal point directly
below the light fixture to the centre of the PPA). Hence if the height
of the lowest luminaire is 41.1m high the horizontal distance from
the centre of the playing pitch to the column should be a minimum
of 87.5m away.
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__________________________
Steve Muir
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APPENDIX 1
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APPENDIX 2
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APPENDIX 3
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