NUISANCES AND OFFENSIVE TRADES AND OCCUPATION
DR. ANTONINO PAGUIRIGAN | ECQ PREVMED DAY 10
OUTLINE
I. Introduction
II. Definition of terms
III. Sanitary Permit
IV. Requirement of the sanitary facilities
V. Requirements for construction of establishment
engaged in nuisance occupation
I. INTRODUCTION
❖ Nuisances include:
1. Establishments or entities in public or private
premises that are likely to produce nuisances. a
public or private premise that maintain and used
in a manner injurious to health
2. Breeding places or harborage of vermin
3. Animals and their carcasses which are
injurious to health
4. Accumulation of refuse
5. Noxious matter or waste water discharge
improperly in streets or waste water that are
discharge properly in the streets
6. Animal stockage that are maintained in a
manner injurious to health
7. Excessive noise
8. Illegal shanties in public or private properties
❖ Those engaged in offensive trades and
occupations include:
1. Soap boiling
2. guts cleaning or cleaning of animal guts
3. Boiling of offal, bone, fat or lard is permissible if
the process is performed in a public slaughter
house under prescribed regulations but if not it is
considered offensive trades and occupation
4. Manufacturing of fertilizer
5. Skin curing
6. Scrap processing
7. Manure storing
8. Lime burning
9. Lye making
10. any manufacturing process in which lead
arsenic, mercury, phosphorous or other
poisonous substances are used. The use of
such chemical however is permissible in the
practice of pharmacy and in printing were ready
made lead type are used.
II. DEFINITION OF TERMS
❖ Establishment- collective term that is construed to
conclude all the firms, institution, entities including
premises facilities equipment and machineries which
are engaged in the production, handling, storing and
Trans by: Dela Cruz, G. , Manauis, N.
transporting or selling in distributing or using
processing and disposing any product or substance
considered as a nuisance which are engaged in
offensive trade and occupation.
❖ Nuisance –means anything that injures health or
endangered life or offend the senses or produce
discomfort to a person or a group of persons.
❖ Noxious- anything that is offensive in the human
senses or tends to cause injury
❖ Objectionable odor- any odor that is present in the
outdoor atmosphere which by itself or in combination
with other odor is or may be harmful or injurious to
human health or welfare and which unreasonably
interferes with the comfortable used of the
environment of life and property or which creates
nuisance.
❖ Offensive trade or occupation - any trade or
occupation that has a potential to cause damage to
life and property or cause injury, pain or unpleasant
or nauseating sensation or produce uneasiness and
unbearable condition to a person or group of person
consider offensive trade or occupation
❖ Noise- erratic intermittent or statistically random
oscillation or any unwanted sound is a noise
❖ Lye- is any strong alkaline solution that is used for
cleaning purposes
❖ Offal- these means the glands the tissues or other
internal organs of animals in the slaughterhouse
❖ Sanitary permit- certification in writing that is issued
by the local health officer or in the absence the chief
of the sanitation division or section or unit attesting
that is the establishment comply with the existing
sanitary requirement upon evaluation inspection that
has been conducted by the health office in
accordance of the PD 522 PD 856 and other local
ordinances.
❖ Vermin- group of insects like flies mosquitoes
cockroaches like ticks or other bed bugs and small
animals like mice and rats that is vector of diseases.
.
III. SANITARY PERMIT
❖ Establishments that are likely to produce nuisances
or engaged on offensive trade and occupation
should secure sanitary permit (form no. 101).
a. Issued by
the local health officer before they operate. Any
extension or additional construction or alteration in the
establishment shall require a new sanitary permit before
it could operate.
b. Validity
Sanitary permit is valid for 1yr. starting the day of
issuance until the last day of December of the same year
and it shall be renewed every beginning of the year then
after. So supposed one establishment secures a sanitary
permit on a month of September that sanitary permit will
end December of the same year and it was to be
renewed January of the following year.
c. Revocation or suspension
Upon the recommendation of the local health officer. The
sanitary permit shall be suspended or revoke by the
local health authorities upon violation of any sanitary rule
or regulation. So it can be revoke or suspended by the
local health officer
d. Posting of permit
The sanitary permit shall be posted in a conspicuous
place in the establishment for public information and it
must be available for inspection by authorized health
personnel or other regulatory personnel
e. Requirements for the personnel of the
establishment
1. Personnel should have health certificate.
- The operator and the employees of the
establishment shall be required to secure health
certificate or form 102d. This is usually a card
that is cream in color and it is issued by a local
health officer.
- The health certificate shall be issued after the
employee or the operator has undergone the
required physical and medical examinations and
immunizations.
- The health certificate shall be renewed at least
once a year or as often as required by the local
ordinances.
- The health certificate shall be clipped visibly in
the upper left front portion of the uniform that is
worn by the employees while working.
- When such condition is not practical due to the
nature of their work in the establishment, the
health certificate must be made available upon
inspection or it must be in the establishment so
that they can easily show it to the inspecting
authorities if they ask for it and the health
certificate is non-transferrable.
2. Personal health and hygiene practices in the
establishments
- Employees of the establishment shall at all times
observe good personal hygiene like wearing of
clean appropriate working garment washing of
hand with soap and water after smoking or after
smoking or after using comfort room or
coughing, sneezing in to the hands and as often
as necessary to remove dirt and contamination
the other hygienic practices that maybe called
for the nature of their work in the establishment.
- Employees of the establishment shall observe
personal health and safety practices at all times
while working. There should be no smoking of
cigarrete or tobacco, no drinking of alcoholic
beverages, no eating of any kind of food while
they are working, no speaking or blowing of
noise, no littering, no unnecessary chatting of
distraction and other personal health and safety
practices that are especially called for the nature
of their work
- Workers suffering from a contagious or
communicable disease shall be immediately
reported to the operator and referred for
treatment
- The used of PPE is a very popular term now.
These PPE shall be provided to and used by
any worker as per recommended by the
industrial hygiene by the code of sanitation of
the Philippines. so if the work of worker in the
establishment calls for the use of PPE then they
should use it. Following the provisions of
industrial hygiene and the code of sanitation of
the Philippines.
IV. REQUIREMENT OF THE SANITARY
FACILITIES
1. Water supply
Like other establishment and it is necessary
much so in this establishment engaged in
offensive trade and occupations. Drinking water
supply covered under this rules n regulations
shall also confirm with the code of sanitary of the
Philippines. Water supply is part of the CSP.
Then it should confirm with the standard for
drinking water. the sources either from private or
public water supplies shall be capable of
supplying the minimum daily water demand of
40L per person per day in an adequate can
produce these amount of water supply . They
say the adequate pressure 138kpa.
2. Food and drinks
All food and drinks handed or stored or prepared
or served in the establishments or within its
premises should confirm to the pertinent
provision for the CSP. Should confirm with the
standard of food establishments contain in the
CSP (PD856)
3. Sewage disposal and drainage
All sewage, stored water or waste water shall
be discharge in a manner complying with the
sewage collection and disposal and excreta and
disposal drainage of the CSP. The effluent
quality to be discharged for the establishment
also meet the minimum standard in requirement
set by the DENR and other concerned
regulatory agencies.
4. Plumbing system
It should also be in accordance with the
provisions stated in the national plumbing code
of the phil. solid waste management. All refused
including animal litter and manure animal waste
food products and other waste matter shall be
dispenses with the accordance with the refused
disposal in the CSP.
5. Vermin control
The operators of establishments should
maintain a vermin abatement program. With
shall confirmed with the vermin control CSP.
During vermin control operations all the foods
including food preparation and equipment and
feed for animals should be covered or protected
in contamination. Likewise all animals shall be
protected from toxic chemical substances
6. Toilet, bath , hand washing facilities
- The sanitary facilities shall be located within a
distance of at least 25 meters from the service
area. That is about 82 feet away. Adequate
number of plumbing fixtures should be give
accorded to all persons in the establishment.
- And the minimum appurtenances shall be as
follows:
a. 1-29 Employees= there should be 1
water closet for male, and 1 for female.
For Urinal 1 for male 1 for female.
Lavatory 1 for male 1 for female.
b. 30-49 Employees= the water closet
should be 1 for male 2 for female, urinal
2 for male. Lavatory 2 male 2 female.
c. 50-99 Employees the water closet
should be 2 for male 3for female, urinal
2 for male, lavatory 3 for male, 3 for
female
d. For each additional 60 person there
should be additional water closet 1 for
male 1 for female. Urinal Additional 1 for
male. lavatory, additional 1 for male 1
for female
e. Now for shower bath. There should be 1
shower for each 15 persons, exposed to
excessive heat or to skin contamination
on poisonous materials.
f. Take note that there is 1 additional
fixture unit provided to a disabled
employee.
g. There should be a separate clearly
marked toilet room for male and female.
h. A minimum toilet/bathroom area should
be 1.2sq.meter with a min. dimension of
0.9 meters shall be provided.
i. Toilets and bathroom shall be properly
located lighted and ventilated and
proper maintenance of toilet and
bathroom shall be done regularly.
j. Toilet paper and paper holder, soup,
soup dispenser, or paper towels shall be
supplied at all times.
k. Paper towels or hot air machines, or
hand dryers shall be used for hand
drying.
l. Mirrors shall be installed in every toilet
or bathroom facilities
m. Windows of toilet rooms should be
located above the eye level and it shall
be provided it a number 16 mesh screen
unless otherwise air-conditioned.
n. All doors shall open outward and must
be self-closing.
V. REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF
ESTABLISHMENT ENGAGED IN NUISANCE
OCCUPATION
❖ They shall be in accordance with the national
building code of the phil. PD 1096.
❖ They should submit the plans and specifications
to the local health officer for review and
approval.
❖ All plans shall be submitted in duplicate copies.
Before it is allowed to operate the local health
officer must inspect it to see it if really complied
the requirement of the rule and regulations
according to the building code.
a. Walls, ceilings and partitions:
- The walls, the partitions and the ceilings rooms in
areas where excessive noise or vibration is produced
shall have sound resistant walls extending up to the
ceiling the wall covering should not have an open
space or crack that would provide harbourage of
vermin.
- The walls and partitions inside the sanitary facilities
shall be made with smooth and impervious material
with a minimum height of 2 meters or about 6.56 feet
starting from the floor all the walls that exceed the
said height shall be painted with light colored paint.
Partition walls between water closets shall have a
height of at least 2 meters or about 5.56 feet and it
should terminate 30 cm or 1 foot above the floor for
easy cleaning.
- All ceilings shall be made with smooth light colored
nontoxic materials.
b. Windows
- Windows of every room that is intended for use that
is not provided with artificial ventilation system shall
be provided with windows and the total free are of
opening of the window should equal to at least 10%
of the floor area of the room to which it shall open
directly into a clear space.

c. Floors
- shall be constructed with concrete or any impervious
material that is easily cleaned and nontoxic
materials. When the floor is constructed of wood with
dove tail or tongue and groove design, the floor
boards shall be clamped together and laid in a clean
foundation.
- Floor coverings such as vinyl tiles, wood parquet,
linoleums, or other similar materials shall be fixed to
the floor with cement glue or any suitable adhesive
materials.
- Carpets when they are used should be maintained
ion a clean and satisfactory condition. There should
be sufficient floor space for comfort and for carrying
out duties effectively and efficiently.
- Working spaces, stairways, aisles and other
passage ways shall have an at least dimension of
1.2 m to permit free unobstructed movement of
person.
d. Lighting
- All areas in the establishment shall be properly
lighted either by natural or artificial light or both.
- Minimum standards for illumination, in the hallways,
exits, stairways, and landing elevators and
escalators or dining room, the minimum illumination
should be 20 ft. candle or 215.2 lamps.
- In the latter rooms, toilets and bathroom shall be 10
ft. candle, in the kitchen, study room, storage room
and supply room; the minimum illumination should
be 20 ft. candles.
- Outdoor pathways, 2 ft. candles. The lighting shall
be reasonably free from glare and evenly distributed
to avoid shadows.
- The intensity of the required illumination inside the
establishments shall be maintained at a point of 72.6
cm or about 30 in above the floor.
- The intensity of the required illumination inside the
establishment shall be maintained up to the point 30
in above the floor.
- There shall be provisions for sufficient lighting
fixtures or open areas that are capable of
illuminating dark place in the establishments
especially at night.
- Switches of lighting fixtures shall be conveniently
located.
- The level of illumination of the other areas shall be
of such intensity as may be required by the local
health officer as recommended by the sanitary
engineer of the locality
e. Ventilation
- Natural or mechanical ventilation which is effective
and suitable for comfort and safety of the personnel
and clients shall be provided in all areas of the
establishment.
- When natural ventilation id provided a room
intended for use shall be provided with window with
total free areas of opening that is equal to at least 10
% of the total area of the room.
- Such windows shall open directly to a clean space.
In the absence of effective natural ventilation,
mechanical ventilation shall be provided as follows
- Air conditioning units should provide 1.5 horsepower
air conditioner for every 50 mm3 room volume
- Should provide 1 unit of 1.5 horsepower air-
condition unit for every 50 mm3 room volume
- If they use exhaust fan or blowers, they should use it
in storage and supply room and this should be
provided with exhaust fan and blowers with a
minimum fan diameter of 15.25 cm. the minimum fan
diameter of 15. 25 cm /35 m3 room volume. One
exhaust fan per 35m3 room volume or an equivalent
minimum m3 air per minute is 3 air changes per hour
- For kitchen, dining and study rooms, it should be
provided with a minimum fan diameter with 15.25
cm/ 35m3 room volume
- For toilets and bathrooms they should provide a
minimum fan diameter of 15.25 cm/ 35 m3 room
volume. Windowless bathrooms shall be provided
with a mechanical exhaust system that is connected
to the light switch. Air circulation of the room of the
establishment shall be supplied through air inlet
arranged, located and equipped so that personnel,
guests and visitors are not subjected to air velocities
that exceed 1.02 meters/ sec.
f. Sound and vibration
- Sound absorbing materials shall be installed in all
areas where excessive noise is produced. Anti
vibration mountings hall be utilized for sound and
vibration producing equipment.
- Insulation and absorbing materials and equipment
shall be installed to minimize excessive sound and
vibration.
g. Safety requirements
- The health and safety of the individuals working
environment shall be in accordance with
Occupational Health and Safety Standards
emergency telephone number of ambulance
services, doctors and hospitals shall be
conspicuously posted in the premises of the
establishments.
- The establishments shall provide the prescribed
medicines readily accessible first aid equipment
and supplies and medical staff should be
available according to the number of workers.
Ex. There should be 1 occupational health
physician, 1 dentist, and 1 occupational health
nurse and 1 first aider for every 200-600
workers. There should be PPEs that is
appropriate for the type and nature of the work.
It should be provided to the employees by the
operator of the establishment
- The fire protection system and safety instruction
program of the establishment shall be in
accordance with the fire code of the Philippines
 PD 1185 with its implementing rules and
regulation
- Fire and earthquake drills shall be conducted in
the establishment at least twice a year.
- Electrical designs, electrical equipment,
specifications and circuit installations and all
electrical systems shall always conform to the
Philippine Electrical Code as adapted by the
board of Philippine Electrical Engineering
pursuant to RA no. 184 otherwise known as
Electrical Engineering Law
- Mechanical designs, equipment and installations
and all mechanical systems shall conform to the
Philippine Mechanical Engineering code as
adapted by the by the board of Philippine
Mechanical Engineer pursuant to
Commonwealth Act no. 295 otherwise known as
the Mechanical Engineering Law
- the minimum requirement for the accessibility of
differently or disabled persons in the
establishment shall be in accordance with Batas
Pambansa Blg. 344 which is the law to enhance
mobility of disabled persons together with its
implementing rules and regulations