Atlas of Immunological diseases & Hypersensitivity

DiGeorge syndrome

Lupus erythematous Discoid lupus erythematous of the left buccal

mucosa.

A chronic palatal lesion (the initial sign of

Discoid lupus lesions on the lower lip.
systemic lupus erythematous in this patient). Radiating white patches with erythema in
the buccal sulcus, which is characteristic of
1|Page the oral lesions of lupus erythematosus.
 Lupus erythematosus.
Vasculitis and skin rash over
malar areas of face
(“butterfly rash”) that
intensify with exposure to
sunlight are common in
most forms of the disease.

Lupus erythematosus. Patient with oral mucosal lesions of the tongue (A) and palate, consisting of diffuse and annular
leukoplakic lesions, erythematous areas, and chronic ulcerations (B). Intraoral lesions are most frequently found in
patients with the discoid form of LE but may be present to a lesser degree in all forms of the disease.

Lupus erythematosus. Orally, lupus lesions are characterised by erythematous areas surrounded by radiated white lines (A, B).

Lupus erythematosus.
Discoid red cutaneous
lesion of the cheek

Lupus erythematosus.
The presence of oral
ulceration is one of
the criteria used to
diagnose systemic
lupus erythematosus

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 Systemic Lupus
erythematosus.
Manifestations of scleroderma. Severe
tightening of the skin and narrowing of
Discoid Lupus the oral aperture of a patient with
scleroderma.
erythematosus. Rash.

X-ray of
Calcinosis cutis.
Skin
complication of
scleroderma.
Calcinosis. Skin complication of
scleroderma.

Scleroderma en coup de sabre.

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Progressive systemic sclerosis. Patients exhibit superficial tissue that
becomes firm and immovable, resulting in contracture of the lips and a
limited mouth opening (A) and fingers with tightly bound skin (sclerodactyly)
with reduced mobility (B).
Manifestations of scleroderma. A, Severe
tightening of the skin and narrowing of the oral
aperture of a patient with scleroderma. B,
Extensive involvement of the fingers and hand
of the same patient causes a lack of mobility
and the resorption of phalanges.

Radiographs showing
thickening of the periodontal
membrane in a patient with
scleroderma
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 Scleroderma

CREST syndrome

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 Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity reaction Type I.

Patch testing Allergic contact dermatitis

Measurement of a Tuberculin.
Skin test reaction.

Sources:
 Burkets Oral Medicine, 12ed (2015)
 Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology - Mosby; 2nd edition (October 10, 2003)
 Some websites.

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