Bergamottin

General information

In grapefruit there is one organic

compound that seems to be interesting, it

is Bergamottin. Here is some general

information about Bergamottin. The

formula for Bergamottin is C21H22O4, it has

another 2 names which are Bergamotine

and 5-Geranoxypsoralen. The chemical

classes are: Furanocoumarin, alkene and

ether. The CAS number is 7380-40-7,

Bergamottin is a chemical in grapefruit that inhibit CYP3A4, it is increasing plasma in any drugs

that catabolized by CYP3A4(science direct, 2011). Bergamottin was a potent inhibitor of tumor

initiation by B[a]P. It prevented B[a]P- and DMBA-induced adduct formation in human MCF-7

adenocarcinoma cell. The functional group are Ester, Benzene, Alkene and Ether.

Physical/Chemical properties

There are not so many properties of both physical and chemical in Bergamottin but,

there’s still some of it which are: the molecular mass is 338.4g/mol, XLogP3-AA is 5.6. The

XLogP3-AA is an atom additive method that calculates the log P. There are 4 H bond acceptors

and 6 rotatable bonds.(pubchem, 2004)

Application

For the use of Bergamottin. Bergamottin is used to inhibit the work of Cytochrome P450

which is an enzyme in the small intestine. This enzyme used to block the excess of the

medicine. So if you used bergamottin with some kind of medicine like viagra, saquinavir it will be
good but if you used it with felodipine, terfenadine and lovastatin it will damage your body

because you are getting too much medicine into your body.(science direct, 2011) The

functional group are phenol and amine.

Tyramine

General information

Tyramine is a compound that can be found in Mistletoe berries or others like aged

cheese. The chemical formula of tyramine is C8H11NO. Tyramine is a compound that is produced

by breakdown amino acid. The metabolisms are CYP2D6, FMO3, MAO-A, MAO-B, PNMT,and

DBH. The metabolites are 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde, dopamine, N-methyltyramine, and

octopamine(science direct, 2011)

Physical/Chemical properties

Tyramine has a melting point 164.5 C and boiling point is 206 C. The molar mass of

tyramine is 137.179mol-1, XLogP3 is 1.1, hydrogen bond donor is 2 and hydrogen bond acceptor

is 2. There are many facts that were not covered in this unit like the topological polar surface

area is 46.2 A2 . Lastly the compound is canonicalized. (pubchem, 2004)

Application

Tyramine is an amino acid that

helps with blood pressure. It occurs in

the body, and it's found in certain

foods. Medications called it

monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

block monoamine oxidase, which is an

enzyme that breaks down excess

tyramine in the body. Blocking this enzyme helps to relieve depression. But if you are taking

MAOIs and taking high tyramine food it will be dangerous because it will spike the blood

pressure.(science direct, 2011)

Tyramine can be found in many foods and is chemically related to NE. It can interfere with

storage of NE in nerve terminals and cause a chemical release of the neurotransmitter.

Reference

Bergamottin. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-

pharmaceutical-science/bergamottin

Bergamottin. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Bergamottin#section=Computed-Properties

Tyramine. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/tyramine