However, failing to achieve these measures, and receiving heavy critics given that the two main

emitters of these gases, China and the USA respectively, were not following the treaty, the
international community agreed on developing a new accord that would extend the efforts of the
Kyoto Protocol. In this sense, the Paris Agreement, also known as the COP21was adopted in
December 2015 and centered the goals concerning the reduction of emissions to achieving a global
temperature below 2°C, but actually trying their best to maintain it no greater than 1.5°C. This is the
first legally binding global climate change agreement, and has 190 parties to work on elements such
as mitigation of emissions, transparency development (report on the nation contribution), adaptation,
reduction of losses and damage, contribution of non-Party Stakeholders and strengthening of
developing countries (European Commission, n.d.).