Relations

and
-

Functions
 Definition
- A set of ordered
pairs.
- The domain of a
relation is the set of

Relation
first coordinates.
- The range is the set
of second
coordinates.
 Definition

are inputs,
domain,
x-values independent
variable

are outputs,
range,
dependent y-values
variable
 Example of relation

{(0, -5) , (1, -4) , (2, -3), (3, -2) , (4, -1), (5, 0)}

{(1, 5),(4, -4),(6, -3)

Identifying domain and range

{(0, 5),(1, 4),(2, 3),(3, 2),(4, 1),(5, 0)}

What are the domain?

(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

What are the range?

(-5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0)

 Definition
- a SPECIAL
RELATION in
which each element
of the domain
corresponds to
exactly one
element of the
Function
range.
Characteristics 1. Each element
of Functions in domain X must
be matched with
exactly one
element in range
Y.
Characteristics
of Functions 2. Some elements
in Y may not be
matched with
any element in X.
Characteristics
3. Two or more
of Functions
elements in X
may be matched
with the same
element in Y.
A function can
be represented
1. Table of
in different
ways. Values
2. Ordered Pairs
3. Mapping
4. Graph
5. An equation
 Example of table of values
x y
0 4
Is this
1 -1 relation
2 7 a
3 6
function?
YES!
What
are the What
domain? are the
range?
(0,1,2,3)
(4,-1,7,6)
 Example of ordered pairs
Is this
{(5,1), (7,2), (4,-9), (0,2) relation
a
What function?
are the YES!
domain? What
(5,7,4,0) are the
range?

(1,2,-9,2)
 Example of mapping
Is this
3 –1
2 relation
1
0 3 a
function?
YES!
What
are the What
domain? are the
range?
(3,1,0)
(-1,2,3)
 Let’s look at another relation and decide if it is a function.

1
2
2
4
3
6
4 8
5 10

Set A is the domain Set B is the range

This is a function ---it

meets our conditions Must use all the x’s

The x value can only be assigned to one y

 1
2
2
4
3
6
4 8
5 10

Is the relation shown above a function?

NO Why not???

2 was assigned both 4

and 10
Check this relation out to determine if it is a function.

1
2
2
4
3
6
4 8
5 10

Set A is the domain Set B is the range

This is not a function---

it doesn’t assign each
x with a y
Example of graph

Is this
relation
a
function?
YES!
 Vertical
Line Test
-

in function
 Definition
- A graph represents
a function if and
only if no vertical
line intersects the
graph in more than
one point. Vertical
Line Test
 Example in Vertical Line Test
Determine if the graph is a function,
a) 5 y b) 5
y

x x

-5 -5
-5 5 -5 5

Not a
function function