RADIATION BETWEEN BLACK SURFACES

Consider two black surfaces A1 and A2, as shown in Figure below. We wish to
obtain a general expression for the energy exchange between these surfaces when
they are maintained at different temperatures. The problem becomes essentially one
of determining the amount of energy that leaves one surface and reaches the other.
The simplest state of radiation between surfaces when the surface sees only the
surface corresponding to it.

.‫ عنذما تكىن انسطىح عبارة عه صفائخ واسعت كالهما اسىد انهىن‬/‫مثال‬

The energy leaving surface (1) at temperature T1.

q1= σA1T14

The energy leaving surface (2) at temperature T2.

q2 = σA2T24

IF T1˃ T2 and A1=A2

.‫ الن انجسم او كهيهما يمكه ان يىاجه سطىح اخزي‬,‫انمسائم انهنذسيت تختهف عه هذة انذانت انبسيطت‬
Through mathematical equation it was possible to deduce the net of energy
radiation:

Where:
φ1, φ2: the angle between the straight vertical on both sides and the straight line
connecting them.
r: the length of the straight line connecting the two areas.

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By integration of equation:

Where:
: total radiation between the two black surfaces.
A: surface area for one surface.
F: shape factor or visibility factor.
‫ يعتمذ عهً انشكم انهنذسي وساويت‬,‫ هى جشء انطاقت االشعاعيت انمنبعثت مه ادذ انسطذيه انً اآلخز‬:F
.)‫ (انمسادت‬A ‫انسقىط وانسطخ انمختار كقيمت نـ‬

: Fraction of energy leaving surface (1) which reaches surface (2).

: Fraction of energy leaving surface (2) which reaches surface (1).

: Fraction of energy leaving surface (m) which reaches surface (n).

IF the surface (1) is selected as a base:

IF the surface (2) is selected as a base:

IF the first surface only sees the second surface:

IF both surfaces are at the same temperature then

So that:
⇒

RADIATION BETWEEN NON BLACK SURFACES

1. Two large parallel surfaces:

The simplest radiation between non-black surfaces.

2. One surface completely surrounded by the other:

Consider the area of the confined body (A1) and large surface area (the space
around the first body) (A2).

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EXAMPLE (1):-
Two large metallic surface for furnace wall have temperature of (T1=500ºK) and
(T2= 300ºK) and there emissivity (𝜖 𝜖 3 , the space between two surfaces
filled with insulated material. Calculate the net radiation heat transfer between
them.
Solution
𝜎𝐴 𝑇14 𝑇24
𝑞 1 1
+
𝜖1 𝜖2

𝑞12 5 67∗ 0−8 [ 5004 3004 ]

1 1
𝐴 +
03 03
𝑞12 𝑤
544 32
𝐴 𝑚2

EXAMPLE (2):-
A body has (0.4 m2) surface area and emissivity (𝜖 35) and temperature (T1=700ºK( is
completely enclosed by a body of (3.6 m ), (𝜖
2
75) and (T2= 310ºK) find the net heat
transfer between them.
Solution
𝜎𝐴1 𝑇14 𝑇24
𝑞 1 𝐴1 1
+
𝜖1 𝐴2 𝜖2

0 5 67∗ 0−8 [ 700 4 3 0 4]

𝑞 1 04 1
+
0 35 3 6 0 75
𝑞 49482 𝑤

EXAMPLE (3):-
Two parallel black plate (0.5 m) by (1.0 m) are spaced (0.5 m) a part one plate is maintained at
(1000℃) and the other at (500℃), what is the net radiation heat exchange between the two plates?
Given: F1-2 = 0.285.
Solution
Area for plate 𝐴 𝑙×𝑤
𝐴 × 5 5𝑚
𝑇 273 273 °𝐾
𝑇 5 273 773 °𝐾
𝑞 𝜎𝐴 𝐹 𝑇 𝑇
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𝑞 5 5 67 ∗ 285 [ 273 773 ]
𝑞 833 ∗ 𝑤.